Education as Risk Factor of Mild Cognitive Impairment: The Link to the Gut Microbiome.
Dementia
education
gut microbiome
mediation
mild cognitive impairment
Journal
The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease
ISSN: 2426-0266
Titre abrégé: J Prev Alzheimers Dis
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101638820
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2024
2024
Historique:
medline:
6
5
2024
pubmed:
6
5
2024
entrez:
6
5
2024
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
With differences apparent in the gut microbiome in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, and risk factors of dementia linked to alterations of the gut microbiome, the question remains if gut microbiome characteristics may mediate associations of education with MCI. We sought to examine potential mediation of the association of education and MCI by gut microbiome diversity or composition. Cross-sectional study. Luxembourg, the Greater Region (surrounding areas in Belgium, France, Germany). Control participants of the Luxembourg Parkinson's Study. Gut microbiome composition, ascertained with 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Differential abundance, assessed across education groups (0-10, 11-16, 16+ years of education). Alpha diversity (Chao1, Shannon and inverse Simpson indices). Mediation analysis with effect decomposition was conducted with education as exposure, MCI as outcome and gut microbiome metrics as mediators. After exclusion of participants below 50, or with missing data, n=258 participants (n=58 MCI) were included (M [SD] Age=64.6 [8.3] years). Higher education (16+ years) was associated with MCI (Odds ratio natural direct effect=0.35 [95% CI 0.15-0.81]. Streptococcus and Lachnospiraceae-UCG-001 genera were more abundant in higher education. Education is associated with gut microbiome composition and MCI risk without clear evidence for mediation. However, our results suggest signatures of the gut microbiome that have been identified previously in AD and MCI to be reflected in lower education and suggest education as important covariate in microbiome studies.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
With differences apparent in the gut microbiome in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, and risk factors of dementia linked to alterations of the gut microbiome, the question remains if gut microbiome characteristics may mediate associations of education with MCI.
OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVE
We sought to examine potential mediation of the association of education and MCI by gut microbiome diversity or composition.
DESIGN
METHODS
Cross-sectional study.
SETTING
METHODS
Luxembourg, the Greater Region (surrounding areas in Belgium, France, Germany).
PARTICIPANTS
METHODS
Control participants of the Luxembourg Parkinson's Study.
MEASUREMENTS
METHODS
Gut microbiome composition, ascertained with 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Differential abundance, assessed across education groups (0-10, 11-16, 16+ years of education). Alpha diversity (Chao1, Shannon and inverse Simpson indices). Mediation analysis with effect decomposition was conducted with education as exposure, MCI as outcome and gut microbiome metrics as mediators.
RESULTS
RESULTS
After exclusion of participants below 50, or with missing data, n=258 participants (n=58 MCI) were included (M [SD] Age=64.6 [8.3] years). Higher education (16+ years) was associated with MCI (Odds ratio natural direct effect=0.35 [95% CI 0.15-0.81]. Streptococcus and Lachnospiraceae-UCG-001 genera were more abundant in higher education.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Education is associated with gut microbiome composition and MCI risk without clear evidence for mediation. However, our results suggest signatures of the gut microbiome that have been identified previously in AD and MCI to be reflected in lower education and suggest education as important covariate in microbiome studies.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38706292
doi: 10.14283/jpad.2024.19
doi:
Substances chimiques
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
759-768Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
None of the authors reports a conflict of interest related to the submission of the manuscript. Dr Leist received remuneration from Roche for advisory activities related to expanding health equity in AD. No other interest has been declared.