Pathologic characteristics of histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms.

Histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms Histiocytosis Immunophenotyping Molecular genetics Mononuclear phagocyte system

Journal

Blood research

ISSN: 2287-979X

Titre abrégé: Blood Res

Pays: Switzerland

ID NLM: 101605247

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
07 May 2024

Historique:

received: 19 01 2024

accepted: 05 04 2024

medline: 7 5 2024

pubmed: 7 5 2024

entrez: 7 5 2024

Statut: epublish

Résumé

Histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms comprise diverse tumors originating from the mononuclear phagocytic system, which includes monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. The 5th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification updating the categorization of these tumors, reflecting a deeper understanding of their pathogenesis.In this updated classification system, tumors are categorized as Langerhans cell and other dendritic cell neoplasms, histiocyte/macrophage neoplasms, and plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasms. Follicular dendritic cell neoplasms are classified as mesenchymal dendritic cell neoplasms within the stroma-derived neoplasms of lymphoid tissues.Each subtype of histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms exhibits distinct morphological characteristics. They also show a characteristic immunophenotypic profile marked by various markers such as CD1a, CD207/langerin, S100, CD68, CD163, CD4, CD123, CD21, CD23, CD35, and ALK, and hematolymphoid markers such as CD45 and CD43. In situ hybridization for EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) identifies a particular subtype. Immunoprofiling plays a critical role in determining the cell of origin and identifying the specific subtype of tumors. There are frequent genomic alterations in these neoplasms, especially in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, including BRAF (notably BRAF V600E), MAP2K1, KRAS, and NRAS mutations, and ALK gene translocation.This review aims to offer a comprehensive and updated overview of histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms, focusing on their ontogeny, morphological aspects, immunophenotypic profiles, and molecular genetics. This comprehensive approach is essential for accurately differentiating and classifying neoplasms according to the updated WHO classification.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1007/s44313-024-00015-9 PMID: 38713245

pubmed: 38713245

doi: 10.1007/s44313-024-00015-9

pii: 10.1007/s44313-024-00015-9

doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Pagination

Subventions

Organisme : National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korean government (Ministry of Science and ICT)

ID : No. NRF-2019R1A2C1002370

Informations de copyright

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