SAROS: A dataset for whole-body region and organ segmentation in CT imaging.


Journal

Scientific data
ISSN: 2052-4463
Titre abrégé: Sci Data
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101640192

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
10 May 2024
Historique:
received: 26 10 2023
accepted: 01 05 2024
medline: 11 5 2024
pubmed: 11 5 2024
entrez: 10 5 2024
Statut: epublish

Résumé

The Sparsely Annotated Region and Organ Segmentation (SAROS) dataset was created using data from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) to provide a large open-access CT dataset with high-quality annotations of body landmarks. In-house segmentation models were employed to generate annotation proposals on randomly selected cases from TCIA. The dataset includes 13 semantic body region labels (abdominal/thoracic cavity, bones, brain, breast implant, mediastinum, muscle, parotid/submandibular/thyroid glands, pericardium, spinal cord, subcutaneous tissue) and six body part labels (left/right arm/leg, head, torso). Case selection was based on the DICOM series description, gender, and imaging protocol, resulting in 882 patients (438 female) for a total of 900 CTs. Manual review and correction of proposals were conducted in a continuous quality control cycle. Only every fifth axial slice was annotated, yielding 20150 annotated slices from 28 data collections. For the reproducibility on downstream tasks, five cross-validation folds and a test set were pre-defined. The SAROS dataset serves as an open-access resource for training and evaluating novel segmentation models, covering various scanner vendors and diseases.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38729970
doi: 10.1038/s41597-024-03337-6
pii: 10.1038/s41597-024-03337-6
doi:

Types de publication

Dataset Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

483

Informations de copyright

© 2024. The Author(s).

Références

Islam, S. et al. Fully automated deep-learning section-based muscle segmentation from CT images for sarcopenia assessment. Clin. Radiol. 77, e363–e371 (2022).
pubmed: 35260232 doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.01.036
Zopfs, D. et al. Evaluating body composition by combining quantitative spectral detector computed tomography and deep learning-based image segmentation. Eur. J. Radiol. 130, 109153 (2020).
pubmed: 32717577 doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109153
Koitka, S., Kroll, L., Malamutmann, E., Oezcelik, A. & Nensa, F. Fully automated body composition analysis in routine CT imaging using 3D semantic segmentation convolutional neural networks. Eur. Radiol. 31, 1795–1804 (2021).
pubmed: 32945971 doi: 10.1007/s00330-020-07147-3
Haubold, J. et al. BOA: A CT-Based Body and Organ Analysis for Radiologists at the Point of Care. Invest. Radiol. 59, (2024).
Wahid, K. A. et al. Muscle and adipose tissue segmentations at the third cervical vertebral level in patients with head and neck cancer. Sci. Data 9, 470 (2022).
pubmed: 35918336 pmcid: 9346108 doi: 10.1038/s41597-022-01587-w
Zopfs, D. et al. Two-dimensional CT measurements enable assessment of body composition on head and neck CT. Eur. Radiol. 32, 6427–6434 (2022).
pubmed: 35389049 pmcid: 9381610 doi: 10.1007/s00330-022-08773-9
Cespedes Feliciano, E. M. et al. Evaluation of automated computed tomography segmentation to assess body composition and mortality associations in cancer patients. J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 11, 1258–1269 (2020).
pubmed: 32314543 pmcid: 7567141 doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12573
Ha, J. et al. Development of a fully automatic deep learning system for L3 selection and body composition assessment on computed tomography. Sci. Rep. 11, 21656 (2021).
pubmed: 34737340 pmcid: 8568923 doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-00161-5
Nowak, S. et al. Fully Automated Segmentation of Connective Tissue Compartments for CT-Based Body Composition Analysis: A Deep Learning Approach. Invest. Radiol. 55, 357–366 (2020).
pubmed: 32369318 doi: 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000647
Nowak, S. et al. End-to-end automated body composition analyses with integrated quality control for opportunistic assessment of sarcopenia in CT. Eur. Radiol. 32, 3142–3151 (2022).
pubmed: 34595539 doi: 10.1007/s00330-021-08313-x
Chandarana, H. et al. Association of body composition parameters measured on CT with risk of hospitalization in patients with Covid-19. Eur. J. Radiol. 145, 110031 (2021).
pubmed: 34801878 pmcid: 8592118 doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.110031
Chandarana, H. et al. Visceral adipose tissue in patients with COVID-19: risk stratification for severity. Abdom. Radiol. N. Y. 46, 818–825 (2021).
doi: 10.1007/s00261-020-02693-2
Wasserthal, J. et al. TotalSegmentator: Robust Segmentation of 104 Anatomic Structures in CT Images. Radiol. Artif. Intell. 5, e230024 (2023).
pubmed: 37795137 pmcid: 10546353 doi: 10.1148/ryai.230024
Wasserthal, J. Dataset with segmentations of 104 important anatomical structures in 1204 CT images. Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6802614 (2022).
Wasserthal, J. Dataset with segmentations of 117 important anatomical structures in 1228 CT images. Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10047292 (2023).
Isensee, F., Jaeger, P. F., Kohl, S. A. A., Petersen, J. & Maier-Hein, K. H. nnU-Net: a self-configuring method for deep learning-based biomedical image segmentation. Nat. Methods 18, 203–211 (2021).
pubmed: 33288961 doi: 10.1038/s41592-020-01008-z
Rister, B., Yi, D., Shivakumar, K., Nobashi, T. & Rubin, D. L. CT-ORG, a new dataset for multiple organ segmentation in computed tomography. Sci. Data 7, 381 (2020).
pubmed: 33177518 pmcid: 7658204 doi: 10.1038/s41597-020-00715-8
Luo, X. et al. WORD: A large scale dataset, benchmark and clinical applicable study for abdominal organ segmentation from CT image. Med. Image Anal. 82, 102642 (2022).
pubmed: 36223682 doi: 10.1016/j.media.2022.102642
Bilic, P. et al. The Liver Tumor Segmentation Benchmark (LiTS). Med. Image Anal. 84, 102680 (2023).
pubmed: 36481607 doi: 10.1016/j.media.2022.102680
Heller, N. et al. The state of the art in kidney and kidney tumor segmentation in contrast-enhanced CT imaging: Results of the KiTS19 challenge. Med. Image Anal. 67, 101821 (2021).
pubmed: 33049579 doi: 10.1016/j.media.2020.101821
Heller, N. et al. C4KC KiTS Challenge Kidney Tumor Segmentation Dataset. The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/TCIA.2019.IX49E8NX (2019).
Clark, K. et al. The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA): Maintaining and Operating a Public Information Repository. J. Digit. Imaging 26, 1045–1057 (2013).
pubmed: 23884657 pmcid: 3824915 doi: 10.1007/s10278-013-9622-7
Yang, J. et al. Data from Lung CT Segmentation Challenge 2017 (LCTSC). The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2017.3R3FVZ08 (2017).
Yang, J. et al. Autosegmentation for thoracic radiation treatment planning: A grand challenge at AAPM 2017. Med. Phys. 45, 4568–4581 (2018).
pubmed: 30144101 pmcid: 6714977 doi: 10.1002/mp.13141
Armato III, S. G. et al. The Lung Image Database Consortium (LIDC) and Image Database Resource Initiative (IDRI): A Completed Reference Database of Lung Nodules on CT Scans. Med. Phys. 38, 915–931 (2011).
doi: 10.1118/1.3528204
Tang, H., Zhang, C. & Xie, X. Automatic Pulmonary Lobe Segmentation Using Deep Learning. 2019 IEEE 16th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI 2019), 1225-1228, https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBI.2019.8759468 (2019).
Kavur, A. E. et al. CHAOS Challenge - combined (CT-MR) healthy abdominal organ segmentation. Med. Image Anal. 69, 101950 (2021).
pubmed: 33421920 doi: 10.1016/j.media.2020.101950
Kavur, A. E., Selver, M. A., Dicle, O., Barış, M. & Gezer, N. S. CHAOS - Combined (CT-MR) Healthy Abdominal Organ Segmentation Challenge Data. Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3431873 (2019).
Ji, Y. et al. AMOS: A Large-Scale Abdominal Multi-Organ Benchmark for Versatile Medical Image Segmentation. Preprint at https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2208.12041 (2022).
Ma, J. MICCAI FLARE22 Challenge Dataset (50 Labeled Abdomen CT Scans). Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860267 (2023).
Ma, J. et al. Unleashing the Strengths of Unlabeled Data in Pan-cancer Abdominal Organ Quantification: the FLARE22 Challenge. Preprint at https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2308.05862 (2023).
MICCAI FLARE23: Fast, Low-resource, and Accurate oRgan and Pan-cancer sEgmentation in Abdomen CT. https://codalab.lisn.upsaclay.fr/competitions/12239 (2023).
Raudaschl, P. F. et al. Evaluation of segmentation methods on head and neck CT: Auto-segmentation challenge 2015. Med. Phys. 44, 2020–2036 (2017).
pubmed: 28273355 doi: 10.1002/mp.12197
Li, X., Morgan, P. S., Ashburner, J., Smith, J. & Rorden, C. The first step for neuroimaging data analysis: DICOM to NIfTI conversion. J. Neurosci. Methods 264, 47–56 (2016).
pubmed: 26945974 doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.03.001
Lowekamp, B. C., Chen, D. T., Ibáñez, L. & Blezek, D. The Design of SimpleITK. Front. Neuroinformatics 7, (2013).
Yushkevich, P. A. et al. User-guided 3D active contour segmentation of anatomical structures: Significantly improved efficiency and reliability. NeuroImage 31, 1116–1128 (2006).
pubmed: 16545965 doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.01.015
Koitka, S. et al. SAROS - A large, heterogeneous, and sparsely annotated segmentation dataset on CT imaging data (SAROS). The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.25737/SZ96-ZG60 (2023).
Dice, L. R. Measures of the Amount of Ecologic Association Between Species. Ecology 26, 297–302 (1945).
doi: 10.2307/1932409
Nikolov, S. et al. Clinically Applicable Segmentation of Head and Neck Anatomy for Radiotherapy: Deep Learning Algorithm Development and Validation Study. J. Med. Internet Res. 23, e26151 (2021).
pubmed: 34255661 pmcid: 8314151 doi: 10.2196/26151
Kroll, L., Nassenstein, K., Jochims, M., Koitka, S. & Nensa, F. Assessing the Role of Pericardial Fat as a Biomarker Connected to Coronary Calcification-A Deep Learning Based Approach Using Fully Automated Body Composition Analysis. J. Clin. Med. 10, 356 (2021).
pubmed: 33477874 pmcid: 7832906 doi: 10.3390/jcm10020356
Hosch, R. et al. Biomarkers extracted by fully automated body composition analysis from chest CT correlate with SARS-CoV-2 outcome severity. Sci. Rep. 12, 16411 (2022).
pubmed: 36180519 pmcid: 9524347 doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-20419-w
Keyl, J. et al. Deep learning-based assessment of body composition and liver tumour burden for survival modelling in advanced colorectal cancer. J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 14, 545–552 (2023).
pubmed: 36544260 doi: 10.1002/jcsm.13158
Kroll, L. et al. CT-derived body composition analysis could possibly replace DXA and BIA to monitor NET-patients. Sci. Rep. 12, 13419 (2022).
pubmed: 35927564 pmcid: 9352897 doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-17611-3
Grainger, A. T. et al. Deep Learning-based Quantification of Abdominal Subcutaneous and Visceral Fat Volume on CT Images. Acad. Radiol. 28, 1481–1487 (2021).
pubmed: 32771313 doi: 10.1016/j.acra.2020.07.010
Lee, S. J. et al. Fully automated segmentation and quantification of visceral and subcutaneous fat at abdominal CT: application to a longitudinal adult screening cohort. Br. J. Radiol. 91, 20170968 (2018).
pubmed: 29557216 pmcid: 6223139 doi: 10.1259/bjr.20170968
Hwang, J. J. & Pak, K. Development of automated segmentation of visceral adipose tissue in computed tomography. Eur. J. Radiol. 157, 110559 (2022).
pubmed: 36327856 doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2022.110559
Aubrey, J. et al. Measurement of skeletal muscle radiation attenuation and basis of its biological variation. Acta Physiol. 210, 489–497 (2014).
doi: 10.1111/apha.12224
Molwitz, I. et al. Fat Quantification in Dual-Layer Detector Spectral Computed Tomography: Experimental Development and First In-Patient Validation. Invest. Radiol. 57, 463–469 (2022).
pubmed: 35148536 pmcid: 9172900 doi: 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000858
Molwitz, I. et al. Skeletal muscle fat quantification by dual-energy computed tomography in comparison with 3T MR imaging. Eur. Radiol. 31, 7529–7539 (2021).
pubmed: 33770247 pmcid: 8452571 doi: 10.1007/s00330-021-07820-1
Kostakoglu, L. et al. A Phase II Study of 3′-Deoxy-3′-
pubmed: 26359256 doi: 10.2967/jnumed.115.160663
Kinahan, P., Muzi, M., Bialecki, B. & Coombs, L. Data from ACRIN-FLT-Breast. The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2017.OL20ZMXG (2017).
Kinahan, P., Muzi, M., Bialecki, B. & Coombs, L. Data from the ACRIN 6685 Trial HNSCC-FDG-PET/CT. TCIA https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2016.JQEJZZNG (2019).
Lowe, V. J. et al. Multicenter Trial of [
pubmed: 30768363 pmcid: 6638599 doi: 10.1200/JCO.18.01182
Kinahan, P., Muzi, M., Bialecki, B., Herman, B. & Coombs, L. Data from the ACRIN 6668 Trial NSCLC-FDG-PET. The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/TCIA.2019.30ILQFCL (2019).
Machtay, M. et al. Prediction of Survival by [
pubmed: 24043740 pmcid: 3795891 doi: 10.1200/JCO.2012.47.5947
Patnana, M., Patel, S. & Tsao, A. S. Data from Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Lung. The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/TCIA.2019.ZJJWB9IP (2019).
Patnana, M., Patel, S. & Tsao, A. Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Melanoma Dataset. The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/TCIA.2019.1AE0QTCU (2019).
Saltz et al. Stony Brook University COVID-19 Positive Cases. The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/TCIA.BBAG-2923 (2021).
National Cancer Institute Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC). The Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium Cutaneous Melanoma Collection (CPTAC-CM). The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2018.ODU24GZE (2018).
National Cancer Institute Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC). The Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Collection (CPTAC-LSCC). The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2018.6EMUB5L2 (2018).
National Cancer Institute Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC). The Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium Lung Adenocarcinoma Collection (CPTAC-LUAD). The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2018.PAT12TBS (2018).
National Cancer Institute Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC). The Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Collection (CPTAC-PDA). The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2018.SC20FO18 (2018).
National Cancer Institute Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC). The Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma Collection (CPTAC-UCEC). The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2018.3R3JUISW (2019).
Grossberg, A. et al. HNSCC. The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2020.A8SH-7363 (2020).
MICCAI/M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Head and Neck Quantitative Imaging Working Group. Matched computed tomography segmentation and demographic data for oropharyngeal cancer radiomics challenges. Sci. Data 4, 170077 (2017).
doi: 10.1038/sdata.2017.77
Grossberg, A. J. et al. Imaging and clinical data archive for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with radiotherapy. Sci. Data 5, 180173 (2018).
pubmed: 30179230 pmcid: 6190723 doi: 10.1038/sdata.2018.173
Bosch, W. R., Straube, W. L., Matthews, J. W. & Purdy, J. A. Data From Head-Neck_Cetuximab. The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2015.7AKGJUPZ (2015).
Ang, K. K. et al. Randomized Phase III Trial of Concurrent Accelerated Radiation Plus Cisplatin With or Without Cetuximab for Stage III to IV Head and Neck Carcinoma: RTOG 0522. J. Clin. Oncol. 32, 2940–2950 (2014).
pubmed: 25154822 pmcid: 4162493 doi: 10.1200/JCO.2013.53.5633
G, A. I., Samuel et al. Data From LIDC-IDRI. The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2015.LO9QL9SX (2015).
Armato, S. G. et al. The Lung Image Database Consortium (LIDC) and Image Database Resource Initiative (IDRI): A Completed Reference Database of Lung Nodules on CT Scans: The LIDC/IDRI thoracic CT database of lung nodules. Med. Phys. 38, 915–931 (2011).
pubmed: 21452728 pmcid: 3041807 doi: 10.1118/1.3528204
Li, P. et al. A Large-Scale CT and PET/CT Dataset for Lung Cancer Diagnosis. The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/TCIA.2020.NNC2-0461 (2020).
Napel, S. & Plevritis, S. K. NSCLC Radiogenomics: Initial Stanford Study of 26 Cases. The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2014.X7ONY6B1 (2014).
Bakr, S. et al. Data for NSCLC Radiogenomics Collection. The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2017.7HS46ERV (2017).
Bakr, S. et al. A radiogenomic dataset of non-small cell lung cancer. Sci. Data 5, 180202 (2018).
pubmed: 30325352 pmcid: 6190740 doi: 10.1038/sdata.2018.202
Gevaert, O. et al. Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Identifying Prognostic Imaging Biomarkers by Leveraging Public Gene Expression Microarray Data—Methods and Preliminary Results. Radiology 264, 387–396 (2012).
pubmed: 22723499 pmcid: 3401348 doi: 10.1148/radiol.12111607
Aerts, H. J. W. L. et al. Data From NSCLC-Radiomics. The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2015.PF0M9REI (2019).
Aerts, H. J. W. L. et al. Decoding tumour phenotype by noninvasive imaging using a quantitative radiomics approach. Nat. Commun. 5, 4006 (2014).
pubmed: 24892406 doi: 10.1038/ncomms5006
Aerts, H. J. W. L. et al. Data From NSCLC-Radiomics-Genomics. The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2015.L4FRET6Z (2015).
Roth, H. et al. Data From Pancreas-CT. The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2016.TNB1KQBU (2016).
Roth, H. R. et al. DeepOrgan: Multi-level Deep Convolutional Networks for Automated Pancreas Segmentation. in Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention–MICCAI 2015 (eds. Navab, N., Hornegger, J., Wells, W. M. & Frangi, A.) 556–564 (Springer International Publishing, 2015).
Beichel, R. R. et al. Data From QIN-HEADNECK. The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2015.K0F5CGLI (2015).
Fedorov, A. et al. DICOM for quantitative imaging biomarker development: a standards based approach to sharing clinical data and structured PET/CT analysis results in head and neck cancer research. PeerJ 4, e2057 (2016).
pubmed: 27257542 pmcid: 4888317 doi: 10.7717/peerj.2057
Vallières, M., Freeman, C. R., Skamene, S. R. & El Naqa, I. A radiomics model from joint FDG-PET and MRI texture features for the prediction of lung metastases in soft-tissue sarcomas of the extremities. The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2015.7GO2GSKS (2015).
Vallières, M., Freeman, C. R., Skamene, S. R. & El Naqa, I. A radiomics model from joint FDG-PET and MRI texture features for the prediction of lung metastases in soft-tissue sarcomas of the extremities. Phys. Med. Biol. 60, 5471–5496 (2015).
pubmed: 26119045 doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/60/14/5471
Zuley, M. L. et al. The Cancer Genome Atlas Head-Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Collection (TCGA-HNSC). The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2016.LXKQ47MS (2016).
Erickson, B. J. et al. The Cancer Genome Atlas Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma Collection (TCGA-LIHC). The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2016.IMMQW8UQ (2016).
Albertina, B. et al. The Cancer Genome Atlas Lung Adenocarcinoma Collection (TCGA-LUAD). The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2016.JGNIHEP5 (2016).
Kirk, S. et al. The Cancer Genome Atlas Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Collection (TCGA-LUSC). The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2016.TYGKKFMQ (2016).
Lucchesi, F. R. & Aredes, N. D. The Cancer Genome Atlas Stomach Adenocarcinoma Collection (TCGA-STAD). The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2016.GDHL9KIM (2016).
Erickson, B. J., Mutch, D., Lippmann, L. & Jarosz, R. The Cancer Genome Atlas Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma Collection (TCGA-UCEC). The Cancer Imaging Archive https://doi.org/10.7937/K9/TCIA.2016.GKJ0ZWAC (2016).

Auteurs

Sven Koitka (S)

Institute of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.

Giulia Baldini (G)

Institute of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.

Lennard Kroll (L)

Institute of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.

Natalie van Landeghem (N)

Institute of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.

Olivia B Pollok (OB)

Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.

Johannes Haubold (J)

Institute of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.

Obioma Pelka (O)

Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
Data Integration Center, Central IT Department, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.

Moon Kim (M)

Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.

Jens Kleesiek (J)

Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.

Felix Nensa (F)

Institute of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.

René Hosch (R)

Institute of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany. rene.hosch@uk-essen.de.
Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany. rene.hosch@uk-essen.de.

Articles similaires

[Redispensing of expensive oral anticancer medicines: a practical application].

Lisanne N van Merendonk, Kübra Akgöl, Bastiaan Nuijen
1.00
Humans Antineoplastic Agents Administration, Oral Drug Costs Counterfeit Drugs

Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Jun Hwan Cho, Seung Yong Shin, Hoseob Kim et al.
1.00
Humans Male Smoking Cessation Cardiovascular Diseases Female
Humans United States Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Medicare Part C
1.00
Humans Yoga Low Back Pain Female Male

Classifications MeSH