Literature review on the bilateral occurrence of invasive lobular breast cancer.

Historically, it has been believed that invasive lobular carcinomas (ILC) occur more frequently bilaterally compared to other invasive subtypes, with estimates ranging between 20% and 29%. This study aims to determine if this historical perspective still holds true. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to examine the bilateral occurrence of lobular carcinoma using various imaging methods. Additionally, the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting contralateral carcinomas was also investigated. A comprehensive search was conducted in the MedLine database on the PubMed platform, resulting in 307 articles published between January 1, 2014, and January 1, 2023. Various selection criteria were applied to identify articles relevant to the research question. After careful assessment, eight articles remained that met the eligibility criteria, all of which provided level-three evidence and were therefore included in the literature review. A total of 599 patients were included in this review, comprising a total of 602 cases of ILC. Six out of the eight articles reviewed provided information on the bilateral occurrence of ILC based on histopathology. A weighted average calculation yielded a bilaterality percentage of 4.95% (24 out of 485 cases). Four articles reported the number of bilateral cases identified through MRI, resulting in a weighted average of 10.2% (26 out of 255 cases). It is worth noting that 20.4% (100 out of 491) of the performed MRIs were found to be either useless or even harmful. Furthermore, MRI led to a change in the treatment plan in 27.7% (136 out of 491) of cases. Overall, it can be concluded that there is limited available data regarding the bilateral occurrence of ILC. The numbers found in the literature are also inconsistent and tend to vary. The literature review revealed a decrease in the percentage of bilaterality compared to historical beliefs. Based on this study, it can be concluded that a high number of MRI scans were found to be either useless or harmful. As a result of this conclusion and a higher sensitivity of other screening modalities, MRI may no longer be indicated as part of the standard workup for ILC. However, further research is necessary to validate these findings.

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Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: All authors report no conflict of interest relevant to the manuscript. GB reports receiving the Breast Cancer Research Award from Gilead and funding under contract from IBEX-AI and AstraZeneca for a research project unrelated to this manuscript. Furthermore, GB reports payment for developing an educational movie from HealthAvenue and an unpaid presentation for the University of Applied Sciences. GB participated in advisory boards of Roche and AstraZeneca and has a board member function in the Belgian Society of Pathology and the Belgian working group on digitization. None of the activities or payments are related to this manuscript. All other authors report no financial disclosure.