The gut microbiome, resistome, and mycobiome in preterm newborn infants and mouse pups: lack of lasting effects by antimicrobial therapy or probiotic prophylaxis.
Antibiotics
Infloran
Mice model
Microbiome
Mycobiome
Preterm infants
Resistome
Journal
Gut pathogens
ISSN: 1757-4749
Titre abrégé: Gut Pathog
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101474263
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 May 2024
12 May 2024
Historique:
received:
13
09
2023
accepted:
13
04
2024
medline:
13
5
2024
pubmed:
13
5
2024
entrez:
12
5
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Enhancing our understanding of the underlying influences of medical interventions on the microbiome, resistome and mycobiome of preterm born infants holds significant potential for advancing infection prevention and treatment strategies. We conducted a prospective quasi-intervention study to better understand how antibiotics, and probiotics, and other medical factors influence the gut development of preterm infants. A controlled neonatal mice model was conducted in parallel, designed to closely reflect and predict exposures. Preterm infants and neonatal mice were stratified into four groups: antibiotics only, probiotics only, antibiotics followed by probiotics, and none of these interventions. Stool samples from both preterm infants and neonatal mice were collected at varying time points and analyzed by 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing, ITS amplicon sequencing and whole genome shotgun sequencing. The human infant microbiomes showed an unexpectedly high degree of heterogeneity. Little impact from medical exposure (antibiotics/probiotics) was observed on the strain patterns, however, Bifidobacterium bifidum was found more abundant after exposure to probiotics, regardless of prior antibiotic administration. Twenty-seven antibiotic resistant genes were identified in the resistome. High intra-variability was evident within the different treatment groups. Lastly, we found significant effects of antibiotics and probiotics on the mycobiome but not on the microbiome and resistome of preterm infants. Although our analyses showed transient effects, these results provide positive motivation to continue the research on the effects of medical interventions on the microbiome, resistome and mycobiome of preterm infants.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Enhancing our understanding of the underlying influences of medical interventions on the microbiome, resistome and mycobiome of preterm born infants holds significant potential for advancing infection prevention and treatment strategies. We conducted a prospective quasi-intervention study to better understand how antibiotics, and probiotics, and other medical factors influence the gut development of preterm infants. A controlled neonatal mice model was conducted in parallel, designed to closely reflect and predict exposures. Preterm infants and neonatal mice were stratified into four groups: antibiotics only, probiotics only, antibiotics followed by probiotics, and none of these interventions. Stool samples from both preterm infants and neonatal mice were collected at varying time points and analyzed by 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing, ITS amplicon sequencing and whole genome shotgun sequencing.
RESULTS
RESULTS
The human infant microbiomes showed an unexpectedly high degree of heterogeneity. Little impact from medical exposure (antibiotics/probiotics) was observed on the strain patterns, however, Bifidobacterium bifidum was found more abundant after exposure to probiotics, regardless of prior antibiotic administration. Twenty-seven antibiotic resistant genes were identified in the resistome. High intra-variability was evident within the different treatment groups. Lastly, we found significant effects of antibiotics and probiotics on the mycobiome but not on the microbiome and resistome of preterm infants.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Although our analyses showed transient effects, these results provide positive motivation to continue the research on the effects of medical interventions on the microbiome, resistome and mycobiome of preterm infants.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38735967
doi: 10.1186/s13099-024-00616-w
pii: 10.1186/s13099-024-00616-w
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
27Subventions
Organisme : HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions
ID : H2020-MSCA-ITN-2018
Organisme : Innovative Training Networks
ID : 813781 "BestTreat"
Organisme : Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
ID : Project NeoBIOM - 03ZZ0829A
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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