Composition and fatty acid profile of milk from cows fed diets supplemented with raw and n-3 PUFA-enriched fish oil.
Journal
Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
Titre abrégé: Sci Rep
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101563288
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
14 05 2024
14 05 2024
Historique:
received:
07
02
2024
accepted:
10
05
2024
medline:
15
5
2024
pubmed:
15
5
2024
entrez:
14
5
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Dietary supplementation of ruminants with fish oil is a strategy for favorably modifying the fatty acid composition of milk fat. This study investigated the effect of supplementing cows' diet with fish oil after low-temperature crystallisation (LTC-FO) compared to its raw form (FO) on milk yield, milk components (fat, protein, and lactose), and milk fatty acid profile. Twenty-four mid-lactating multiparous Polish Holstein-Friesian cows fed a total-mix ration were randomly assigned to two homogeneous groups (n = 12 cows each) and supplemented with LTC-FO or FO at 1% of dry matter. Milk samples were collected on days 14 and 30 of the 30-day experiment. No significant differences between the groups in terms of milk yield, milk protein, and lactose content were found, however, the fat yield and content decreased in the LTC-FO group. Milk fat from cows in the LTC-FO group contained significantly higher levels of C18:1 trans-11, C18:2 cis-9, trans-11, C18:3n - 3, C20:5, and C22:6, and lower levels of saturated fatty acids compared to the FO group (p < 0.05). Therefore, LTC-FO may be a more efficient feed additive than FO and may serve as a practical way to modify the fatty acid composition of milk fat.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38745072
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-61864-z
pii: 10.1038/s41598-024-61864-z
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
10968Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
Références
Kholif, A. E. & Olafadehan, O. A. Dietary strategies to enrich milk with healthy fatty acids – a review. Ann. Anim. Sci. 22(2), 523–536 (2022).
doi: 10.2478/aoas-2021-0058
Shahidi, F. & Ambigaipalan, P. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their health benefits. Annu. Rev. Food. Sci. Technol. 9, 345–381 (2018).
pubmed: 29350557
doi: 10.1146/annurev-food-111317-095850
Hollander, A., De Jonge, R., Biesbroek, S., Hoekstra, J. & Zijp, M. C. Exploring solutions for healthy, safe, and sustainable fatty acids (EPA and DHA) consumption in the Netherlands. Sustain Sci. 14(2), 303–313 (2018).
doi: 10.1007/s11625-018-0607-9
Kim, J. H., Kim, Y., Kim, Y. J. & Park, Y. Conjugated linoleic acid: Potential health benefits as a functional food ingredient. Ann. Rev. Food Sci. Technol. 7, 221–244 (2016).
doi: 10.1146/annurev-food-041715-033028
Song, J. et al. Trans-vaccenic acid inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via a mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway. Lipids Health Dis. 18, 46. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-019-0993-8 (2019).
doi: 10.1186/s12944-019-0993-8
pubmed: 30738430
pmcid: 6368753
Palmquist, D. L., Lock, A. L., Shingfield, K. J. & Bauman, D. E. Biosynthesis of conjugated linoleic acid in ruminants and humans. Adv. Food Nutr. Res. 50, 179–217 (2005).
pubmed: 16263431
doi: 10.1016/S1043-4526(05)50006-8
Huth, P. J. & Park, K. M. Influence of dairy product and milk fat consumption on cardiovascular disease risk: A review of the evidence. Adv. Nutr. 3(3), 266–285 (2012).
pubmed: 22585901
pmcid: 3649459
doi: 10.3945/an.112.002030
Kairenius, P. et al. Dietary fish oil supplements depress milk fat yield and alter milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows fed grass silage-based diets. J. Dairy Sci. 98(8), 5653–5671 (2015).
pubmed: 26094222
doi: 10.3168/jds.2015-9548
Gottardo, P. et al. Fatty acid composition of milk from holstein-friesian, brown swiss, simmental and alpine grey cows predicted by mid-infrared spectroscopy. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 16(3), 380–389 (2017).
doi: 10.1080/1828051X.2017.1298411
Jensen, R. G. The composition of bovine milk lipids: January 1995 to December 2000. J. Dairy Sci. 85, 295–350 (2002).
pubmed: 11913692
doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74079-4
Kliem, K. E. & Shingfield, K. J. Manipulation of milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows: Opportunities and challenges. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 118(11), 1661–1683 (2016).
doi: 10.1002/ejlt.201400543
Halmemies-Beauchet-Filleau, A. et al. Effect of forage conservation method on plasma lipids, mammary lipogenesis, and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows fed diets containing a 60:40 forage-to-concentrate ratio. J. Dairy Sci. 96, 5267–5289 (2013).
pubmed: 23769378
doi: 10.3168/jds.2013-6571
Donovan, D. C. et al. Influence of dietary fish oil on conjugated linoleic acid and other fatty acids in milk fat from lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 83(11), 2620–2628 (2000).
pubmed: 11104282
doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)75155-1
Bodkowski, R. et al. Lipid complex effect on fatty acid profile and chemical composition of cow milk and cheese. J. Dairy Sci. 99(1), 57–67 (2016).
pubmed: 26506539
doi: 10.3168/jds.2015-9321
Castañeda-Gutiérrez, E. et al. Effect of supplementation with calcium salts of fish oil on n-3 fatty acids in milk fat. J. Dairy Sci. 90(9), 4149–4156 (2007).
pubmed: 17699033
doi: 10.3168/jds.2006-856
Keady, T. W. J., Mayne, C. S. & Fitzpatrick, D. A. Effects of supplementation of dairy cattle with fish oil on silage intake, milk yield and milk composition. J. Dairy Res. 67(2), 137–153 (2000).
pubmed: 10840669
doi: 10.1017/S0022029900004180
Gulati, S. K., McGrath, S., Wynn, P. C. & Scott, T. W. Preliminary results on the relative incorporation of docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids into cows milk from two types of rumen protected fish oil. Int. Dairy J. 13(5), 339–343 (2003).
doi: 10.1016/S0958-6946(03)00004-9
Pena, O. M. et al. Evaluating the rumen degradation of novel protected gelatin capsules containing fish oil fed to lactating dairy cows. Animals 13, 2555. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13162555 (2023).
doi: 10.3390/ani13162555
pubmed: 37627346
pmcid: 10451696
Lock, A. L. & Bauman, D. E. Modifying milk fat composition of dairy cows to enhance fatty acids beneficial to human health. Lipids 39(12), 1197–1206 (2004).
pubmed: 15736916
doi: 10.1007/s11745-004-1348-6
Kairenius, P. et al. Effect of dietary fish oil supplements alone or in combination with sunflower and linseed oil on ruminal lipid metabolism and bacterial populations in lactating cows. J. Dairy Sci. 101(4), 3021–3035 (2018).
pubmed: 29428753
doi: 10.3168/jds.2017-13776
Loor, J. J. et al. Effects of ruminal or duodenal supply of fish oil on milk fat secretion and profiles of trans-fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid isomers in dairy cows fed maize silage. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 119(3–4), 227–246 (2005).
doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2004.12.016
Dallaire, M. P. et al. Effects of abomasal infusion of conjugated linoleic acids, Sterculia foetida oil, and fish oil on production performance Δ
pubmed: 25064649
doi: 10.3168/jds.2013-7853
Bodkowski, R., Szlinder-Richert, J., Usydus, Z. & Patkowska-Sokoła, B. An attempt of optimization of fish oil crystallization at low temperature. Przem. Chem. 90(5), 703–706 (2011).
Shahidi, F. & Wanasundara, U. N. Omega-3 fatty acids concentrates: Nutritional aspects and production technologies. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 9(6), 230–240 (1998).
doi: 10.1016/S0924-2244(98)00044-2
Patkowska-Sokoła, B., Usydus, Z., Szlinder-Richert, J. & Bodkowski, R. Technology for recovering omega-3 fatty acids from family from fish oils and protecting them against oxidative changes. Przem. Chem. 88(5), 548–552 (2009).
Bodkowski, R. et al. The effect of low-temperature crystallization of fish oil on the chemical composition, fatty acid profile, and functional properties of cow’s milk. Animals 10(10), 1834. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10101834 (2020).
doi: 10.3390/ani10101834
pubmed: 33050152
pmcid: 7599823
IZ PIB-INRA. Standard of Ruminants’ Feeding: Nutrient Value of French and Domestic Fodders for Ruminants (ed. Strzetelski, J.) 1–120 (Research Institute of Animal Production, Cracow, Poland, 2009).
AOAC. Official Methods of Analysis (18th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Gaithersburg, MD, USA, 2005).
Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B. & Lewis, B. A. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74(10), 3583–3597 (1991).
pubmed: 1660498
doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
Kassambara, A. rstatix: Pipe-Friendly Framework for Basic Statistical Tests. R package version 0.7.2; https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=rstatix (2023).
Noguchi, K., Ylia, R., Gel, Y. R., Brunner, E. & Konietschke, F. nparLD: An R Software Package for the nonparametric analysis of longitudinal data in factorial experiments. J. Stat. Softw. 50(12), 1–23 (2012).
doi: 10.18637/jss.v050.i12
R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria; https://www.R-project.org/ (2023).
Haraldsson, G. G. Separation of saturated/unsaturated fatty acids. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 61, 219–222 (1984).
doi: 10.1007/BF02678772
Morales-Medina, R., De León, G., Munio, M., Guadix, A. & Guadix, E. Mass transfer modeling of sardine oil polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration by low temperature crystallization. J. Food Eng. 183(C), 16–23 (2016).
doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2016.03.009
Albert, B. B., Cameron-Smith, D., Hofman, P. L. & Cutfield, W. S. Oxidation of marine omega-3 supplements and human health. BioMed Res. Int. 343, 464921. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/464921 (2013).
doi: 10.1155/2013/464921
Bodkowski, R. & Patkowska-Sokoła, B. Reduction of body fatness and meat fat content in lambs by supplementation of isomerised grapeseed oil. Anim. Sci. Pap. Rep. 31(3), 229–238 (2013).
Rego, O. A. et al. Influence of dietary fish oil on conjugated linoleic acid, omega-3 and other fatty acids in milk fat from grazing dairy cows. Livest. Prod. Sci. 95(1–2), 27–33 (2005).
doi: 10.1016/j.livprodsci.2004.11.040
Bauman, D. E. & Griinari, J. M. Nutritional regulation of milk fat synthesis. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 23, 203–227 (2003).
pubmed: 12626693
doi: 10.1146/annurev.nutr.23.011702.073408
Shingfield, K. J. & Griinari, J. M. Role of biohydrogenation intermediates in milk fat depression. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 109(8), 799–816 (2007).
doi: 10.1002/ejlt.200700026
Dewanckele, L., Toral, P. G., Vlaeminck, B. & Fievez, V. Invited review: Role of rumen biohydrogenation intermediates and rumen microbes in diet-induced milk fat depression: An update. J. Dairy Sci. 103(9), 7655–7681 (2020).
pubmed: 32600765
doi: 10.3168/jds.2019-17662
Bauman, D. E. & Griinari, J. M. Regulation and nutritional manipulation of milk fat: Low-fat milk syndrome. Livest. Prod. Sci. 70(1–2), 15–29 (2001).
doi: 10.1016/S0301-6226(01)00195-6
Bauman, D. E., Harvatine, K. J. & Lock, A. L. Nutrigenomics, rumen-derived bioactive fatty acids, and the regulation of milk fat synthesis. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 31, 299–319 (2011).
pubmed: 21568706
doi: 10.1146/annurev.nutr.012809.104648
Shingfield, K. J., Sæbø, A., Sæbø, P. C., Toivonen, V. & Griinari, J. M. Effect of abomasal infusions of a mixture of octadecenoic acids on milk fat synthesis in lactating cows. J. Dairy Sci. 92(9), 4317–4329 (2009).
pubmed: 19700691
doi: 10.3168/jds.2008-2002
Burns, T. A., Kadegowda, A. K. G., Duckett, S. K., Pratt, S. L. & Jenkins, T. C. Palmitoleic (16:1 cis-9) and cis-vaccenic (18:1 cis-11) acid alter lipogenesis in bovine adipocyte cultures. Lipids 47(12), 1143–1153 (2012).
pubmed: 23077002
doi: 10.1007/s11745-012-3723-9
Timmen, H. & Patton, S. Milk fat globules: Fatty acid composition, size and in vivo regulation of fat liquidity. Lipids 23(7), 685–689 (1998).
doi: 10.1007/BF02535669
Harvatine, K. J., Boisclair, Y. R. & Bauman, D. E. Recent advances in the regulation of milk fat synthesis. Animal 3(1), 40–54 (2009).
pubmed: 22444171
doi: 10.1017/S1751731108003133
Toral, P. G. et al. Comparison of the nutritional regulation of milk fat secretion and composition in cows and goats. J. Dairy Sci. 98(10), 7277–7297 (2015).
pubmed: 26233463
doi: 10.3168/jds.2015-9649
Ahnadi, C. E., Beswick, N., Delbecchi, L., Kennelly, J. J. & Lacasse, P. Addition of fish oil to diets for dairy cows. II. Effects on milk fat and gene expression of mammary lipogenic enzymes. J. Dairy Res. 69(4), 521–531 (2002).
pubmed: 12463690
doi: 10.1017/S0022029902005769
Shingfield, K. J. & Wallace, R. J. CHAPTER 1. Synthesis of Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Ruminants and Humans. In Conjugated Linoleic Acids and Conjugated Vegetable Oils (eds Sels, B. & Philippaerts, An.) 1–65 (Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 2014). https://doi.org/10.1039/9781782620211-00001 .
doi: 10.1039/9781782620211-00001
Frutos, P., Toral, P. G., Belenguer, A. & Hervás, G. Milk fat depression in dairy ewes fed fish oil: Might differences in rumen biohydrogenation, fermentation, or bacterial community explain the individual variation?. J. Dairy Sci. 101(7), 6122–6132 (2018).
pubmed: 29705417
doi: 10.3168/jds.2018-14632
Gama, M. A. S. et al. Diet induced milk fat depression: Association with changes in milk fatty acid composition and fluidity of milk fat. Livest. Sci. 115(2), 319–331 (2008).
doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2007.08.006
Shingfield, K. J. et al. Dietary fish oil supplements modify ruminal biohydrogenation, alter the flow of fatty acids at the omasum, and induce changes in the ruminal Butyrivibrio population in lactating cows. J. Nutr. 142(8), 1437–1448 (2012).
pubmed: 22739367
doi: 10.3945/jn.112.158576
AbuGhazaleh, A. A. & Jenkins, T. C. Disappearance of docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids from cultures of mixed ruminal microorganisms. J. Dairy Sci. 87(3), 645–651 (2004).
pubmed: 15202649
doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73207-5
Klein, C. M. & Jenkins, T. C. Docosahexaenoic acid elevates trans-18:1 isomers but is not directly converted into trans-18:1 isomers in ruminal batch cultures. J. Dairy Sci. 94(9), 4676–4683 (2011).
pubmed: 21854940
doi: 10.3168/jds.2011-4344
Shingfield, K. J. et al. Effect of dietary fish oil on biohydrogenation of fatty acids and milk fatty acid content in cows. Anim. Sci. 77(1), 165–179 (2003).
doi: 10.1017/S1357729800053765
Kupczyński, R., Kuczaj, M., Szołtysik, M. & Stefaniak, T. Influence of fish oil, palm oil and glycerol on milk fatty acid composition and metabolism in cows during early lactation. Arch. Anim. Breed. 55(66), 540–551 (2012).
doi: 10.5194/aab-55-540-2012
Offer, N. W., Speake, B. K., Dixon, J. & Marsden, M. Effect of fish oil supplementation on levels of (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids in the lipoprotein fractions of bovine plasma. Anim. Sci. 73(3), 523–531 (2001).
doi: 10.1017/S1357729800058495
Offer, N. W., Marsden, M., Dixon, J., Speake, B. K. & Thacker, F. E. Effect of dietary fat supplements on levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, trans acids and conjugated linoleic acid in bovine milk. Anim. Sci. 69(3), 613–625 (1999).
doi: 10.1017/S135772980005147X
Bigliardi, B. & Galati, F. Innovation trends in the food industry: The case of functional foods. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 31(2), 118–129 (2013).
doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2013.03.006
Vargas-Bello-Pérez, E., Íñiguez-González, G., Fehrmann-Cartes, K., Toro-Mujica, P. & Garnsworthy, P. C. Influence of fish oil alone or in combination with hydrogenated palm oil on sensory characteristics and fatty acid composition of bovine cheese. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 205(4), 60–68 (2015).
doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.04.013
Gebreyowhans, S., Lu, J., Zhang, S., Pang, X. & Lv, J. Dietary enrichment of milk and dairy products with n-3 fatty acids: A review. Int. Dairy J. 97(6), 158–166 (2019).
doi: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2019.05.011
Lopez-Huertas, E. Health effects of oleic acid and long chain omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) enriched milks. A review of intervention studies. Pharmacol. Res. 61(3), 200–207 (2010).
pubmed: 19897038
doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2009.10.007
Shahbandeh, M. Consumption of milk per capita in the EU-27 2018–2022. Statista - The Statistics Portal for Market and Consumer Data; https://www.statista.com/statistics/1192244/europe-per-capita-milk-consumption (2023).
Kris-Etherton, P. E., Grieger, J. A. & Etherton, T. D. Dietary reference intakes for DHA and EPA. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 81(2–3), 99–104 (2009).
pubmed: 19525100
doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2009.05.011
Zhang, Z., Fulgoni, V. L., Kris-Etherton, P. M. & Mitmesser, S. H. Dietary intakes of EPA and DHA omega-3 fatty acids among US childbearing-age and pregnant women: An analysis of NHANES 2001–2014. Nutrients 10, 416. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10040416 (2018).
doi: 10.3390/nu10040416
pubmed: 29597261
pmcid: 5946201