The effect of oral anticoagulants on the incidence of dementia in patients with atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Anticoagulants DOACs Dementia

Journal

International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention
ISSN: 2772-4875
Titre abrégé: Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 9918282077306676

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Jun 2024
Historique:
received: 14 02 2024
revised: 20 04 2024
accepted: 06 05 2024
medline: 20 5 2024
pubmed: 20 5 2024
entrez: 20 5 2024
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Dementia is a recognized complication of atrial fibrillation (AF). Oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy can potentially be protective against this complication. A comprehensive search of MEDLINE and Embase for comparative observational studies reporting the efficacy of OAC therapy for the incidence of dementia in patients with AF was conducted from its inception until March 2023. Studies that had patients with prior use of OAC or with a previous history of dementia were excluded. A total of 22 studies were included in this review involving 617,204 participants. The pooled analysis revealed that OAC therapy, including direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), was associated with a reduced incidence of dementia in AF patients. Specifically, compared to non-OAC treatment, OACs demonstrated a significant reduction in dementia incidence (HR 0.68, 95 % CI [0.58, 0.80], p < 0.00001), with similar findings observed for DOACs (HR 0.69, 95 % CI [0.51, 0.94], p = 0.02) and VKAs (HR 0.73, 95 % CI [0.56, 0.95], p = 0.02). The comparison of DOAC vs VKA revealed that DOACs are associated with reduced risk of dementia (HR 0.87, 95 % CI [0.79, 0.96], p = 0.004). Our SR and meta-analysis showed that the use of OAC therapy is associated with a reduced risk of dementia in individuals with AF. However, our results are limited by the potential influence of confounding bias and significant heterogeneity in the analyses.

Sections du résumé

Background UNASSIGNED
Dementia is a recognized complication of atrial fibrillation (AF). Oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy can potentially be protective against this complication.
Methods UNASSIGNED
A comprehensive search of MEDLINE and Embase for comparative observational studies reporting the efficacy of OAC therapy for the incidence of dementia in patients with AF was conducted from its inception until March 2023. Studies that had patients with prior use of OAC or with a previous history of dementia were excluded.
Results UNASSIGNED
A total of 22 studies were included in this review involving 617,204 participants. The pooled analysis revealed that OAC therapy, including direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), was associated with a reduced incidence of dementia in AF patients. Specifically, compared to non-OAC treatment, OACs demonstrated a significant reduction in dementia incidence (HR 0.68, 95 % CI [0.58, 0.80], p < 0.00001), with similar findings observed for DOACs (HR 0.69, 95 % CI [0.51, 0.94], p = 0.02) and VKAs (HR 0.73, 95 % CI [0.56, 0.95], p = 0.02). The comparison of DOAC vs VKA revealed that DOACs are associated with reduced risk of dementia (HR 0.87, 95 % CI [0.79, 0.96], p = 0.004).
Conclusion UNASSIGNED
Our SR and meta-analysis showed that the use of OAC therapy is associated with a reduced risk of dementia in individuals with AF. However, our results are limited by the potential influence of confounding bias and significant heterogeneity in the analyses.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38766665
doi: 10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200282
pii: S2772-4875(24)00047-3
pmc: PMC11101875
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Pagination

200282

Informations de copyright

© 2024 The Authors.

Auteurs

Fakhar Latif (F)

Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.

Muhammad Moiz Nasir (MM)

Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.

Komail K Meer (KK)

Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.

Syed Husain Farhan (SH)

Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.

Huzaifa Ahmad Cheema (HA)

Department of Cardiology, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.

Adam Bilal Khan (AB)

Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.

Mohammad Umer (M)

Department of Cardiology, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.

Wajeeh Ur Rehman (WU)

Department of Internal Medicine, United Health Services Hospital, Johnson City, NY, USA.

Adeel Ahmad (A)

Department of Internal Medicine, Mass General Brigham - Salem Hospital, Salem, MA, USA.

Muhammad Aslam Khan (MA)

Department of Internal Medicine, Guthrie Robert Packer Hospital, Sayre, PA, USA.

Talal Almas (T)

Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Sebastian Mactaggart (S)

Department of Medicine, Northumbria Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

Abdulqadir J Nashwan (AJ)

Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.

Raheel Ahmed (R)

National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.

Sourbha S Dani (SS)

Department of Cardiology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA.

Classifications MeSH