Clinical features of COVID-19-related encephalitis: comparison with the features of herpes virus encephalitis and autoimmune encephalitis.
COVID-19-related encephalitis
Intracranial inflammation
SARS-CoV-2 infection
Journal
Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
ISSN: 1590-3478
Titre abrégé: Neurol Sci
Pays: Italy
ID NLM: 100959175
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
22 May 2024
22 May 2024
Historique:
received:
16
04
2024
accepted:
07
05
2024
medline:
22
5
2024
pubmed:
22
5
2024
entrez:
21
5
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Identifying coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related encephalitis without clear etiological evidence is clinically challenging. The distinctions between this condition and other prevalent encephalitis types remain unknown. Therefore, we aimed to explore the similarities and differences in the clinical characteristics of COVID-19-related encephalitis and other encephalitis types. Adult patients with encephalitis admitted to the neurology department at Xuanwu Hospital were enrolled and categorized into the following six groups based on the results of metagenomic next-generation sequencing and autoimmune antibody detection in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): COVID-19-related encephalitis (n = 36), herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis (HSV-1 encephalitis; n = 28), human herpesvirus 3 encephalitis (HHV-3 encephalitis; n = 10), NMDAR-antibody encephalitis (n = 18), LGI1-antibody encephalitis (n = 12), and GABAB-antibody encephalitis (n = 8). The predominant characteristics of COVID-19-related encephalitis include a low incidence of seizures (38.9%), cognitive defects (30.6%), and meningeal irritation signs (8.3%). Compared with HSV-1 and HHV-3 encephalitis, COVID-19-related encephalitis exhibited lower white blood cell count (2.5 count/mm COVID-19-related encephalitis and herpes virus or autoimmune encephalitis differ clinically. Symptoms and auxiliary examinations can be used as distinguishing tools.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38772979
doi: 10.1007/s10072-024-07587-5
pii: 10.1007/s10072-024-07587-5
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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