Impact of disrespectful maternity care on childbirth complications: a multicentre cross-sectional study in Ethiopia.
Humans
Female
Ethiopia
Cross-Sectional Studies
Adult
Pregnancy
Maternal Health Services
/ standards
Young Adult
Professional-Patient Relations
Parturition
/ psychology
Attitude of Health Personnel
Infant, Newborn
Delivery, Obstetric
/ psychology
Obstetric Labor Complications
/ psychology
Surveys and Questionnaires
Quality of Health Care
Central Ethiopia
Childbirth related complications
Cross-sectional
Disrespectful maternity care
Journal
BMC pregnancy and childbirth
ISSN: 1471-2393
Titre abrégé: BMC Pregnancy Childbirth
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100967799
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
21 May 2024
21 May 2024
Historique:
received:
27
01
2024
accepted:
13
05
2024
medline:
22
5
2024
pubmed:
22
5
2024
entrez:
21
5
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Globally, disrespectful, and abusive childbirth practices negatively impact women's health, create barriers to accessing health facilities, and contribute to poor birth experiences and adverse outcomes for both mothers and newborns. However, the degree to which disrespectful maternity care is associated with complications during childbirth is poorly understood, particularly in Ethiopia. To determine the extent to which disrespectful maternity care is associated with maternal and neonatal-related complications in central Ethiopia. A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted in the West Shewa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia. The sample size was determined using the single population proportion formula. Participants (n = 440) were selected with a simple random sampling technique using computer-generated random numbers. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with a pretested questionnaire and were entered into Epidata and subsequently exported to STATA version 17 for the final analysis. Analyses included descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and an odds ratio (OR) of 0.05. Co-founders were controlled by adjusting for maternal sociodemographic characteristics. The primary exposure was disrespectful maternity care; the main outcomes were maternal and neonatal-related complications. Disrespectful maternity care was reported by 344 women (78.2%) [95% CI: 74-82]. Complications were recorded in one-third of mothers (33.4%) and neonates (30%). Disrespectful maternity care was significantly associated with maternal (AOR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.29, 3.8) and neonatal-related complications (AOR = 2.78, 95% CI: 1.54, 5.04). The World Health Organization advocates respectful maternal care during facility-based childbirth to improve the quality of care and outcomes. However, the findings of this study indicated high mistreatment and abuse during childbirth in central Ethiopia and a significant association between such mistreatment and the occurrence of both maternal and neonatal complications during childbirth. Therefore, healthcare professionals ought to prioritise respectful maternity care to achieve improved birth outcomes and alleviate mistreatment and abuse within the healthcare sector.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Globally, disrespectful, and abusive childbirth practices negatively impact women's health, create barriers to accessing health facilities, and contribute to poor birth experiences and adverse outcomes for both mothers and newborns. However, the degree to which disrespectful maternity care is associated with complications during childbirth is poorly understood, particularly in Ethiopia.
AIM
OBJECTIVE
To determine the extent to which disrespectful maternity care is associated with maternal and neonatal-related complications in central Ethiopia.
METHODS
METHODS
A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted in the West Shewa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia. The sample size was determined using the single population proportion formula. Participants (n = 440) were selected with a simple random sampling technique using computer-generated random numbers. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with a pretested questionnaire and were entered into Epidata and subsequently exported to STATA version 17 for the final analysis. Analyses included descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and an odds ratio (OR) of 0.05. Co-founders were controlled by adjusting for maternal sociodemographic characteristics. The primary exposure was disrespectful maternity care; the main outcomes were maternal and neonatal-related complications.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Disrespectful maternity care was reported by 344 women (78.2%) [95% CI: 74-82]. Complications were recorded in one-third of mothers (33.4%) and neonates (30%). Disrespectful maternity care was significantly associated with maternal (AOR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.29, 3.8) and neonatal-related complications (AOR = 2.78, 95% CI: 1.54, 5.04).
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
The World Health Organization advocates respectful maternal care during facility-based childbirth to improve the quality of care and outcomes. However, the findings of this study indicated high mistreatment and abuse during childbirth in central Ethiopia and a significant association between such mistreatment and the occurrence of both maternal and neonatal complications during childbirth. Therefore, healthcare professionals ought to prioritise respectful maternity care to achieve improved birth outcomes and alleviate mistreatment and abuse within the healthcare sector.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38773395
doi: 10.1186/s12884-024-06574-0
pii: 10.1186/s12884-024-06574-0
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Multicenter Study
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
380Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
Références
Gage AD, Carnes F, Blossom J, Aluvaala J, Amatya A, Mahat K, et al. In low-and middle-income countries, is delivery in high-quality obstetric facilities geographically feasible? Health Aff. 2019;38(9):1576–84.
doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2018.05397
General A. United Nations transforming our world: the 2030 agenda for sustainable development. New York, NY, USA: Division for Sustainable Development Goals; 2015.
Organization WH. Trends in maternal mortality 2000 to 2017: estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA. World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division; 2019.
Lawn JE, Blencowe H, Waiswa P, Amouzou A, Mathers C, Hogan D, et al. Stillbirths: rates, risk factors, and acceleration towards 2030. Lancet. 2016;387(10018):587–603.
pubmed: 26794078
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00837-5
ICF CSACEa. Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and Rockville. Maryland, USA: CSA and ICF.; 2016.
Morton CH, Simkin P. Can respectful maternity care save and improve lives? Birth. 2019;46(3):391–5.
pubmed: 31273848
doi: 10.1111/birt.12444
Ethiopian Ministry of Health. HSTP. Health Sector Transformation Plan: 2015/16–2019/20 (2008–2012 EFY). Addis Ababa; 2015.
Mengesha MB, Desta AG, Maeruf H, Hidru HD. Disrespect and abuse during Childbirth in Ethiopia: a systematic review. Biomed Res Int. 2020;2020:8186070.
pubmed: 33150181
pmcid: 7603554
doi: 10.1155/2020/8186070
Feyisa JW, Merdassa E, Lema M, Hailu WB, Desalegn M, Shama AT, et al. Prevalence of homebirth preference and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2023;18(11):e0291394.
pubmed: 37967092
pmcid: 10651027
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291394
Bekele W, Bayou NB, Garedew MG. Magnitude of disrespectful and abusive care among women during facility-based childbirth in Shambu town, Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, Ethiopia. Midwifery. 2020;83:102629.
pubmed: 31981935
doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2020.102629
Allen J, Gibbons K, Beckmann M, Tracy M, Stapleton H, Kildea S. Does model of maternity care make a difference to birth outcomes for young women? A retrospective cohort study. Int J Nurs Stud. 2015;52(8):1332–42.
pubmed: 25952336
doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2015.04.011
Chervenak FA, McLeod-Sordjan R, Pollet SL, De Four Jones M, Gordon MR, Combs A et al. Obstetric violence is a misnomer. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2023.
Morris T, Robinson JH, Spiller K, Gomez A. Screaming,‘No! No!’It was literally like being raped: connecting sexual assault trauma and Coerced Obstetric procedures. Soc Probl. 2023;70(1):55–70.
doi: 10.1093/socpro/spab024
Organization WH. The prevention and elimination of disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth: WHO statement. World Health Organization; 2014.
Bohren MA, Vogel JP, Hunter EC, Lutsiv O, Makh SK, Souza JP, et al. The mistreatment of women during childbirth in health facilities globally: a mixed-methods systematic review. PLoS Med. 2015;12(6):e1001847.
pubmed: 26126110
pmcid: 4488322
doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001847
van der Waal R, Mayra K. Obstetric violence. In: Ali P, Rogers MM, editors. Gender-based violence: a Comprehensive Guide. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2023. pp. 413–25.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-05640-6_30
Mayra K, Sandall J, Matthews Z, Padmadas SS. Breaking the silence about obstetric violence: body mapping women’s narratives of respect, disrespect and abuse during childbirth in Bihar, India. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022;22(1):318.
pubmed: 35421943
pmcid: 9009281
doi: 10.1186/s12884-022-04503-7
Kassa ZY, Husen S. Disrespectful and abusive behavior during childbirth and maternity care in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Res Notes. 2019;12(1):1–6.
doi: 10.1186/s13104-019-4118-2
Sheferaw ED, Bazant E, Gibson H, Fenta HB, Ayalew F, Belay TB, et al. Respectful maternity care in Ethiopian public health facilities. Reproductive Health. 2017;14(1):60.
pubmed: 28511685
pmcid: 5434569
doi: 10.1186/s12978-017-0323-4
Molla W, Wudneh A, Tilahun R. Obstetric violence and associated factors among women during facility based childbirth at Gedeo Zone, South Ethiopia. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022;22(1):565.
pubmed: 35836139
pmcid: 9284803
doi: 10.1186/s12884-022-04895-6
Vogel JP, Bohren MA, Tunçalp Ö, Oladapo OT, Adanu RM, Baldé MD, et al. How women are treated during facility-based childbirth: development and validation of measurement tools in four countries–phase 1 formative research study protocol. Reproductive Health. 2015;12:1–11.
doi: 10.1186/s12978-015-0047-2
Adinew YM, Kelly J, Smith M, Marshall A. Women’s perspectives on disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth in Ethiopia: a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023;23(1):444.
pubmed: 37316792
pmcid: 10268534
doi: 10.1186/s12884-023-05762-8
West Shewa Zone Health Bureau. Human resource managment annual report. 2023.
Vedam S, Stoll K, Rubashkin N, Martin K, Miller-Vedam Z, Hayes-Klein H, et al. The mothers on respect (MOR) index: measuring quality, safety, and human rights in childbirth. SSM-population Health. 2017;3:201–10.
pubmed: 29349217
pmcid: 5768993
doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2017.01.005
Worku BT, Abdulahi M, Tsega M, Edilu B, Ali R, Habte MB, et al. Complication experience during pregnancy and place of delivery among pregnant women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023;23(1):161.
pubmed: 36906518
pmcid: 10006562
doi: 10.1186/s12884-023-05390-2
Gebremichael MW, Worku A, Medhanyie AA, Berhane Y. Mothers’ experience of disrespect and abuse during maternity care in northern Ethiopia. Glob Health Action. 2018;11(sup3):1465215.
pubmed: 29860934
pmcid: 5990935
doi: 10.1080/16549716.2018.1465215
Asefa A, Bekele D. Status of respectful and non-abusive care during facility-based childbirth in a hospital and health centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Reprod Health. 2015;12:33.
pubmed: 25890317
pmcid: 4403719
doi: 10.1186/s12978-015-0024-9
Stierman EK, Zimmerman LA, Shiferaw S, Seme A, Ahmed S, Creanga AA. Understanding variation in person-centered maternity care: results from a household survey of postpartum women in 6 regions of Ethiopia. AJOG Global Rep. 2023;3(1):100140.
doi: 10.1016/j.xagr.2022.100140
Maldie M, Egata G, Chanie MG, Muche A, Dewau R, Worku N, et al. Magnitude and associated factors of disrespect and abusive care among laboring mothers at public health facilities in Borena District, South Wollo, Ethiopia. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(11):e0256951.
pubmed: 34793460
pmcid: 8601571
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256951
Okafor II, Ugwu EO, Obi SN. Disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth in a low-income country. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2015;128(2):110–3.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2014.08.015
Azhar Z, Oyebode O, Masud H. Disrespect and abuse during childbirth in district Gujrat, Pakistan: a quest for respectful maternity care. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(7):e0200318.
pubmed: 29995939
pmcid: 6040717
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200318
Montesinos-Segura R, Urrunaga‐Pastor D, Mendoza‐Chuctaya G, Taype‐Rondan A, Helguero‐Santin LM, Martinez‐Ninanqui FW, et al. Disrespect and abuse during childbirth in fourteen hospitals in nine cities of Peru. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2018;140(2):184–90.
doi: 10.1002/ijgo.12353
Asefa A, Morgan A, Gebremedhin S, Tekle E, Abebe S, Magge H, et al. Mitigating the mistreatment of childbearing women: evaluation of respectful maternity care intervention in Ethiopian hospitals. BMJ open. 2020;10(9):e038871.
pubmed: 32883738
pmcid: 7473661
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038871
Ayele AA, Tefera YG, East L. Ethiopia’s commitment towards achieving sustainable development goal on reduction of maternal mortality: there is a long way to go. Womens Health (Lond). 2021;17:17455065211067073.
pubmed: 34913391
van der Pijl MSG, Verhoeven CJM, Verweij R, van der Linden T, Kingma E, Hollander MH, et al. Disrespect and abuse during labour and birth amongst 12,239 women in the Netherlands: a national survey. Reproductive Health. 2022;19(1):160.
pubmed: 35804419
pmcid: 9266084
doi: 10.1186/s12978-022-01460-4
Raj A, Dey A, Boyce S, Seth A, Bora S, Chandurkar D, et al. Associations between mistreatment by a provider during childbirth and maternal health complications in Uttar Pradesh, India. Matern Child Health J. 2017;21:1821–33.
pubmed: 28676965
doi: 10.1007/s10995-017-2298-8
Taghizadeh Z, Ebadi A, Jaafarpour M. Childbirth violence-based negative health consequences: a qualitative study in Iranian women. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021;21(1):1–10.
doi: 10.1186/s12884-021-03986-0
Minckas N, Gram L, Smith C, Mannell J. Disrespect and abuse as a predictor of postnatal care utilisation and maternal-newborn well-being: a mixed-methods systematic review. BMJ Global Health. 2021;6(4):e004698.
pubmed: 33883187
pmcid: 8061800
doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004698
Taghizadeh Z, Ebadi A, Jaafarpour M. Childbirth violence-based negative health consequences: a qualitative study in Iranian women. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021;21(1):572.
pubmed: 34412598
pmcid: 8377955
doi: 10.1186/s12884-021-03986-0
Orpin J, Puthussery S, Davidson R, Burden B. Women’s experiences of disrespect and abuse in maternity care facilities in Benue State, Nigeria. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018;18(1):1–9.
doi: 10.1186/s12884-018-1847-5
Semasaka JPS, Krantz G, Nzayirambaho M, Munyanshongore C, Edvardsson K, Mogren I. Not taken seriously—A qualitative interview study of postpartum Rwandan women who have experienced pregnancy-related complications. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(2):e0212001.
pubmed: 30759136
pmcid: 6373944
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212001
Leite TH, Marques ES, Mesenburg MA, da Silveira MF, do, Carmo Leal M. The effect of obstetric violence during childbirth on breastfeeding: findings from a perinatal cohort Birth in Brazil. The Lancet Regional Health–Americas. 2023;19.
Pablo M-C, Ildefonso H-A, Elisa C-R. Respectful maternity care interventions to address women mistreatment in childbirth: what has been done? BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2024;24(1):322.
pubmed: 38671343
pmcid: 11046783
doi: 10.1186/s12884-024-06524-w
Gebeyehu NA, Adella GA, Tegegne KD. Disrespect and abuse of women during childbirth at health facilities in Eastern Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne). 2023;10:1117116.
pubmed: 37153101
doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1117116
Manning A, Schaaf M, Council RMC. Disrespect and abuse in childbirth and respectful maternity care. Healthy Newborn Network nd; 2021.
Mirkuzie AH. Exploring inequities in skilled care at birth among migrant population in a metropolitan city Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; a qualitative study. Int J Equity Health. 2014;13(1):1–12.
doi: 10.1186/s12939-014-0110-6
ACOG. Committee Opinion 669 Summary: Planned Home Birth. Obstet Gynecol. 2016;128(2):420–1.
doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001582