Cellular dynamics in pig-to-human kidney xenotransplantation.

Translation to patients antibody-mediated rejection cell proliferation genetic engineering immune response longitudinal RNA-seq porcine kidney scRNA-seq tissue repair xenotransplantation

Journal

Med (New York, N.Y.)
ISSN: 2666-6340
Titre abrégé: Med
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101769215

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
19 May 2024
Historique:
received: 14 09 2023
revised: 30 01 2024
accepted: 06 05 2024
medline: 23 5 2024
pubmed: 23 5 2024
entrez: 22 5 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Xenotransplantation of genetically engineered porcine organs has the potential to address the challenge of organ donor shortage. Two cases of porcine-to-human kidney xenotransplantation were performed, yet the physiological effects on the xenografts and the recipients' immune responses remain largely uncharacterized. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and longitudinal RNA-seq analyses of the porcine kidneys to dissect xenotransplantation-associated cellular dynamics and xenograft-recipient interactions. We additionally performed longitudinal scRNA-seq of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to detect recipient immune responses across time. Although no hyperacute rejection signals were detected, scRNA-seq analyses of the xenografts found evidence of endothelial cell and immune response activation, indicating early signs of antibody-mediated rejection. Tracing the cells' species origin, we found human immune cell infiltration in both xenografts. Human transcripts in the longitudinal bulk RNA-seq revealed that human immune cell infiltration and the activation of interferon-gamma-induced chemokine expression occurred by 12 and 48 h post-xenotransplantation, respectively. Concordantly, longitudinal scRNA-seq of PBMCs also revealed two phases of the recipients' immune responses at 12 and 48-53 h. Lastly, we observed global expression signatures of xenotransplantation-associated kidney tissue damage in the xenografts. Surprisingly, we detected a rapid increase of proliferative cells in both xenografts, indicating the activation of the porcine tissue repair program. Longitudinal and single-cell transcriptomic analyses of porcine kidneys and the recipient's PBMCs revealed time-resolved cellular dynamics of xenograft-recipient interactions during xenotransplantation. These cues can be leveraged for designing gene edits and immunosuppression regimens to optimize xenotransplantation outcomes. This work was supported by NIH RM1HG009491 and DP5OD033430.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Xenotransplantation of genetically engineered porcine organs has the potential to address the challenge of organ donor shortage. Two cases of porcine-to-human kidney xenotransplantation were performed, yet the physiological effects on the xenografts and the recipients' immune responses remain largely uncharacterized.
METHODS METHODS
We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and longitudinal RNA-seq analyses of the porcine kidneys to dissect xenotransplantation-associated cellular dynamics and xenograft-recipient interactions. We additionally performed longitudinal scRNA-seq of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to detect recipient immune responses across time.
FINDINGS RESULTS
Although no hyperacute rejection signals were detected, scRNA-seq analyses of the xenografts found evidence of endothelial cell and immune response activation, indicating early signs of antibody-mediated rejection. Tracing the cells' species origin, we found human immune cell infiltration in both xenografts. Human transcripts in the longitudinal bulk RNA-seq revealed that human immune cell infiltration and the activation of interferon-gamma-induced chemokine expression occurred by 12 and 48 h post-xenotransplantation, respectively. Concordantly, longitudinal scRNA-seq of PBMCs also revealed two phases of the recipients' immune responses at 12 and 48-53 h. Lastly, we observed global expression signatures of xenotransplantation-associated kidney tissue damage in the xenografts. Surprisingly, we detected a rapid increase of proliferative cells in both xenografts, indicating the activation of the porcine tissue repair program.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Longitudinal and single-cell transcriptomic analyses of porcine kidneys and the recipient's PBMCs revealed time-resolved cellular dynamics of xenograft-recipient interactions during xenotransplantation. These cues can be leveraged for designing gene edits and immunosuppression regimens to optimize xenotransplantation outcomes.
FUNDING BACKGROUND
This work was supported by NIH RM1HG009491 and DP5OD033430.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.05.003 PMID: 38776915
pubmed: 38776915
pii: S2666-6340(24)00207-1
doi: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.05.003
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of interests J.D.B. is a founder and director of CDI Labs, Inc.; a founder of and consultant to Opentrons LabWorks/Neochromosome, Inc.; and serves or served on the scientific advisory boards of the following: CZ Biohub New York, LLC; Logomix, Inc.; Modern Meadow, Inc.; Rome Therapeutics, Inc.; Sangamo, Inc.; Tessera Therapeutics, Inc.; and the Wyss Institute. R.A.M. is on scientific advisory boards for eGenesis, Sanofi, Regeneron, CareDx, and Hansa Biopharma; is a consultant to Recombinetics; reports consulting fees from Hansa Medical, Regeneron, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Genentech, CareDx, One Lambda, ITB Med, Sanofi, and PPD Development; and reports grant support from Hansa Biopharma, all unrelated to the present work. R.A.M. also reports grant support from United Therapeutics Corporation, PBC. All other authors have no competing interests.

Auteurs

Wanqing Pan (W)

Gene Regulation Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.

Weimin Zhang (W)

Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Binghan Zheng (B)

Gene Regulation Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.

Brendan R Camellato (BR)

Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Jeffrey Stern (J)

NYU Langone Transplant Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Ziyan Lin (Z)

Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories (ABL), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Alireza Khodadadi-Jamayran (A)

Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories (ABL), NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Jacqueline Kim (J)

NYU Langone Transplant Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Philip Sommer (P)

Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care & Pain Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Karen Khalil (K)

NYU Langone Transplant Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Elaina Weldon (E)

NYU Langone Transplant Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Jiangshan Bai (J)

Gene Regulation Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.

Yinan Zhu (Y)

Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Peter Meyn (P)

Genome Technology Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Adriana Heguy (A)

Genome Technology Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Massimo Mangiola (M)

NYU Langone Transplant Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Adam Griesemer (A)

NYU Langone Transplant Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Brendan J Keating (BJ)

Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; NYU Langone Transplant Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Penn Transplant Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: brendan.keating@nyulangone.org.

Robert A Montgomery (RA)

NYU Langone Transplant Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. Electronic address: robert.montgomery@nyulangone.org.

Bo Xia (B)

Gene Regulation Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; Society of Fellows, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. Electronic address: xiabo@broadinstitute.org.

Jef D Boeke (JD)

Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. Electronic address: jef.boeke@nyulangone.org.

Classifications MeSH