Malaria epidemiology, surveillance and response for elimination in Lao PDR.
Elimination
Epidemiology
Lao PDR
Malaria
Surveillance
Journal
Infectious diseases of poverty
ISSN: 2049-9957
Titre abrégé: Infect Dis Poverty
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101606645
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
23 May 2024
23 May 2024
Historique:
received:
24
10
2023
accepted:
07
05
2024
medline:
24
5
2024
pubmed:
24
5
2024
entrez:
23
5
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Lao PDR has made significant progress in malaria control. The National Strategic Plans outline ambitious targets, aiming for the elimination of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax malaria from all northern provinces by 2025 and national elimination by 2030. This article presents an overview of malaria epidemiology, surveillance, and response systems in Lao PDR, emphasizing experiences and achievements in transmission reduction. Data on surveillance, monitoring and evaluation systems, human resources, infrastructure, and community malaria knowledge during 2010-2020 were systematically gathered from the national program and relevant documents. The collected information was synthesized, and discussions on challenges and future prospects were provided. Malaria control and elimination activities in Lao PDR were implemented at various levels, with a focus on health facility catchment areas. There has been significant progress in reducing malaria transmission throughout the country. Targeted interventions, such as case management, vector control, and community engagement, using stratification of control interventions by catchment areas have contributed to the decline in malaria cases. In elimination areas, active surveillance strategies, including case and foci investigation, are implemented to identify and stop transmission. The surveillance system has facilitated timely detection and response to malaria cases, enabling these targeted interventions in higher-risk areas. The malaria surveillance and response system in Lao PDR has played a crucial role in reducing transmission and advancing the country towards elimination. Challenges such as importation, drug resistance, and sustaining support require ongoing efforts. Further strengthening surveillance, improving access to services, and addressing transmission determinants are key areas of focus to achieve malaria elimination and enhance population health in Lao PDR.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Lao PDR has made significant progress in malaria control. The National Strategic Plans outline ambitious targets, aiming for the elimination of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax malaria from all northern provinces by 2025 and national elimination by 2030. This article presents an overview of malaria epidemiology, surveillance, and response systems in Lao PDR, emphasizing experiences and achievements in transmission reduction.
METHODS
METHODS
Data on surveillance, monitoring and evaluation systems, human resources, infrastructure, and community malaria knowledge during 2010-2020 were systematically gathered from the national program and relevant documents. The collected information was synthesized, and discussions on challenges and future prospects were provided.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Malaria control and elimination activities in Lao PDR were implemented at various levels, with a focus on health facility catchment areas. There has been significant progress in reducing malaria transmission throughout the country. Targeted interventions, such as case management, vector control, and community engagement, using stratification of control interventions by catchment areas have contributed to the decline in malaria cases. In elimination areas, active surveillance strategies, including case and foci investigation, are implemented to identify and stop transmission. The surveillance system has facilitated timely detection and response to malaria cases, enabling these targeted interventions in higher-risk areas.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
The malaria surveillance and response system in Lao PDR has played a crucial role in reducing transmission and advancing the country towards elimination. Challenges such as importation, drug resistance, and sustaining support require ongoing efforts. Further strengthening surveillance, improving access to services, and addressing transmission determinants are key areas of focus to achieve malaria elimination and enhance population health in Lao PDR.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38783374
doi: 10.1186/s40249-024-01202-7
pii: 10.1186/s40249-024-01202-7
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
35Subventions
Organisme : Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
ID : OPP1193472_2018
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
Références
Monroe A, Williams NA, Ogoma S, Karema C, Okumu F. Reflections on the 2021 World Malaria Report and the future of malaria control. Malaria Journal. 2022;21(1):154.
Rosenthal PJ, John CC, Rabinovich NR. Malaria: how are we doing and how can we do better? Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2019;100(2):239
doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0997
pubmed: 30628572
pmcid: 6367613
Delacollette C, D’Souza C, Christophel E, Thimasarn K, Abdur R, Bell D, et al. Malaria trends and challenges in the Greater Mekong Subregion. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2009;40(4):674
pubmed: 19842400
Cui L, Yan G, Sattabongkot J, Chen B, Cao Y, Fan Q, et al. Challenges and prospects for malaria elimination in the Greater Mekong Subregion. Acta Trop. 2012;121(3):240–5
doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.04.006
pubmed: 21515238
Cui L, Yan G, Sattabongkot J, Cao Y, Chen B, Chen X, et al. Malaria in the Greater Mekong Subregion: heterogeneity and complexity. Acta Trop. 2012;121(3):227–39
doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.02.016
pubmed: 21382335
Tun STT, Von Seidlein L, Pongvongsa T, Mayxay M, Saralamba S, Kyaw SS, et al. Towards malaria elimination in Savannakhet, Lao PDR: mathematical modelling driven strategy design. Malar J. 2017;16(1):1–12
doi: 10.1186/s12936-017-2130-3
Center for Malariology, P. and E. Lao PDR Malaria National Strategic Plan, 2016–2020. 2015.
Rerolle F, Jacobson JO, Wesson P, Dantzer E, Lover AA, Hongvanthong B, et al. Population size estimation of seasonal forest-going populations in southern Lao PDR. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):14816
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-94413-z
pubmed: 34285321
pmcid: 8292394
Center for Malariology, P. and E. Lao PDR Malaria National Strategic Plan, 2011–2015. 2010.
Center of Malariology PaE, CMPE. Stratification of Malaria in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Lao PDR; 2019
Simmalavong N, Phommixay S, Kongmanivong P, Sichanthongthip O, Hongvangthong B, Gopinath D, et al. Expanding malaria diagnosis and treatment in Lao PDR: lessons learned from a public–private mix initiative. Malar J. 2017;16(1):460
doi: 10.1186/s12936-017-2104-5
pubmed: 29132370
pmcid: 5683316
Potter R, Tesfazghi K, Poyer S, Eliades MJ. Private Sector contributions to National Malaria Surveillance Systems in Elimination settings: lessons learned from Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, and Vietnam. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2023;108(2Suppl):14–23
doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0147
pubmed: 35914687
Alum A, Andrada A, Archer J, Auko E, Bates K, Bouanchaud P, et al. The malaria testing and treatment landscape in the southern Lao people’s Democratic Republic (PDR). Malar J. 2017;16(1):169
doi: 10.1186/s12936-017-1769-0
Pongvongsa T, Nonaka D, Iwagami M, Soundala P, Khattignavong P, Xangsayarath P, et al. Malaria among foreign migrant workers in Savannakhet Province, Lao people’s Democratic Republic. Trop Med Health. 2019;47(1):10
doi: 10.1186/s41182-019-0140-2
pubmed: 30700969
pmcid: 6346530
Wasakul V, Disratthakit A, Mayxay M, Chindavongsa K, Sengsavath V, Thuy-Nhien N, et al. Malaria outbreak in Laos driven by a selective sweep for Plasmodium Falciparum kelch13 R539T mutants: a genetic epidemiology analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2023;23(5):568–77
doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00697-1
pubmed: 36462526
pmcid: 10914674
Imwong M, Dhorda M, Tun KM, Thu AM, Phyo AP, Proux S, et al. Molecular epidemiology of resistance to antimalarial drugs in the Greater Mekong subregion: an observational study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020;20(12):1470–80
doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30228-0
pubmed: 32679084
pmcid: 7689289
Hamilton WL, Amato R, van der Pluijm RW, Jacob CG, Quang HH, Thuy-Nhien NT, et al. Evolution and expansion of multidrug-resistant malaria in southeast Asia: a genomic epidemiology study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2019;19(9):943–51
doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30392-5
pubmed: 31345709
pmcid: 6715858
Sattabongkot J, Cui L, Bantuchai S, Chotirat S, Kaewkungwal J, Khamsiriwatchara A, et al. Malaria Research for Tailored Control and elimination strategies in the Greater Mekong Subregion. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2022;107(4Suppl):152–9
doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.21-1268
pubmed: 36228914
pmcid: 9662225
Amato R, Pearson RD, Almagro-Garcia J, Amaratunga C, Lim P, Suon S, et al. Origins of the current outbreak of multidrug-resistant malaria in southeast Asia: a retrospective genetic study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018;18(3):337–45
doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30068-9
pubmed: 29398391
pmcid: 5835763
Parker DM, Carrara VI, Pukrittayakamee S, McGready R, Nosten FH. Malaria ecology along the Thailand–Myanmar border. Malar J. 2015;14:1–12
doi: 10.1186/s12936-015-0921-y
Zhou G, Sun L, Xia R, Duan Y, Xu J, Yang H, et al. Clinical malaria along the China–Myanmar border, Yunnan Province, China, January 2011–August 2012. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20(4):675
doi: 10.3201/eid2004.130647
pubmed: 24656298
pmcid: 3966361
Zhao X, Thanapongtharm W, Lawawirojwong S, Wei C, Tang Y, Zhou Y, et al. Spatiotemporal trends of malaria in relation to economic development and cross-border movement along the China–Myanmar border in Yunnan Province. Korean J Parasitol. 2020;58(3):267
doi: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.3.267
pubmed: 32615740
pmcid: 7338897
Bhatt S, Weiss D, Cameron E, Bisanzio D, Mappin B, Dalrymple U, et al. The effect of malaria control on Plasmodium Falciparum in Africa between 2000 and 2015. Nature. 2015;526(7572):207–11
doi: 10.1038/nature15535
pubmed: 26375008
pmcid: 4820050
Killeen GF, Tatarsky A, Diabate A, Chaccour CJ, Marshall JM, Okumu FO, et al. Developing an expanded vector control toolbox for malaria elimination. BMJ Global Health. 2017;2(2):e000211
doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000211
pubmed: 28589022
pmcid: 5444090
Center for Malariology, P. and E. Lao PDR Malaria National Strategic Plan, 2021–2025. 2020.
World Health Organization. First Annual Country Surveillance Meeting to Facilitate Malaria Elimination in the Greater Mekong Subregion, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic, 16 November 2018: meeting report.
Estimating the burden. Of malaria: the need for improved surveillance. PLoS Med. 2011;10:1371
Rannan-Eliya RP. Financing malaria. PLOS Global Public Health. 2022;2(6):e0000609.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000609
pubmed: 36962472
pmcid: 10021190
Shretta R, Silal SP, Malm K, Mohammed W, Narh J, Piccinini D, et al. Estimating the risk of declining funding for malaria in Ghana: the case for continued investment in the malaria response. Malar J. 2020;19(1):196
doi: 10.1186/s12936-020-03267-9
pubmed: 32487148
pmcid: 7268595
Potter R, Tesfazghi K, Poyer S, Eliades MJ. Private Sector contributions to National Malaria Surveillance Systems in Elimination settings: lessons learned from Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, and Vietnam. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2023;108(2 Suppl):14
doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0147
pubmed: 35914687
Bennett A, Avanceña ALV, Wegbreit J, Cotter C, Roberts K, Gosling R. Engaging the private sector in malaria surveillance: a review of strategies and recommendations for elimination settings. Malar J. 2017;16(1):252
doi: 10.1186/s12936-017-1901-1
pubmed: 28615026
pmcid: 5471855
Ken Ing Cherng O, Phonepadith K, Sengdeuane K, Moritoshi I, Paul B, Shigeyuki K, et al. Health-seeking behaviours in a malaria endemic district in Lao people’s Democratic Republic: a mixed methods study. BMJ Open. 2021;11(12):e055350
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055350
Adhikari B, Pell C, Phommasone K, Soundala X, Kommarasy P, Pongvongsa T, et al. Elements of effective community engagement: lessons from a targeted malaria elimination study in Lao PDR (Laos). Global Health Action. 2017;10(1):1366136
doi: 10.1080/16549716.2017.1366136
pubmed: 28914184
pmcid: 5645700