Apigenin Provides Structural Protection to Human Fibrinogen against Nitrosative Stress: Biochemical and Molecular Insights.

BACKGROUND

Peroxynitrite (ONOO

METHODS

Multi-approach analyses were carried out where fibrinogen was exposed to ONOO

RESULTS

The findings demonstrate that apigenin significantly inhibits ONOO

CONCLUSIONS

This study highlights, for the first time, the role of apigenin in structural protection of human fibrinogen against peroxynitrite-induced nitrosative damage. Our data indicate that apigenin offers structural protection to all three polypeptide chains (Aα, Bβ, and γ) of human fibrinogen. Specifically, apigenin prevents the dislocation or breakdown of the amino acids tryptophan, tyrosine, lysine, arginine, proline, and threonine and also prevents the exposure of hydrophobic sites in fibrinogen induced by ONOO