Scars are frequently found as late sequelae in individuals affected by the 2022 mpox outbreak.
HIV
PrEP
STI
men who have sex with men
mpox
Journal
HIV medicine
ISSN: 1468-1293
Titre abrégé: HIV Med
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100897392
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
30 May 2024
30 May 2024
Historique:
received:
10
04
2024
accepted:
17
05
2024
medline:
31
5
2024
pubmed:
31
5
2024
entrez:
31
5
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
The 2022 mpox outbreak continues, and while progress has been made in prevention strategies and potential treatment options, data on late sequelae following mpox are scarce. This analysis aimed to assess the incidence of scar formation in individuals affected by the 2022 mpox outbreak. All individuals diagnosed with mpox at the Department of Dermatology at the Medical University of Vienna in 2022 were included in this analysis. Follow-up data were collected throughout November 2023. 'Scar formation' was defined as having at least one scar at the former active mpox lesions. At our clinic, 28 cases of mpox presented between June 2022 and October 2022 and exclusively occurred in men who have sex with men (100%, 28/28), of whom 46% (13/28) were living with HIV, and 32% (9/28) were using pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Secondary bacterial infection of mpox lesions was suspected in six individuals, and all received systemic antibiotics. Overall, 26 were followed up in November 2023 after a median time of 15 months, and scar formations were found in 43% of cases. Our data provide insights into the late yet cumulating disease burden caused by the 2022 mpox outbreak. Highly effective prevention strategies are warranted to overcome the mpox epidemic and its potential late sequelae.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
The 2022 mpox outbreak continues, and while progress has been made in prevention strategies and potential treatment options, data on late sequelae following mpox are scarce.
OBJECTIVE
OBJECTIVE
This analysis aimed to assess the incidence of scar formation in individuals affected by the 2022 mpox outbreak.
METHODS
METHODS
All individuals diagnosed with mpox at the Department of Dermatology at the Medical University of Vienna in 2022 were included in this analysis. Follow-up data were collected throughout November 2023. 'Scar formation' was defined as having at least one scar at the former active mpox lesions.
RESULTS
RESULTS
At our clinic, 28 cases of mpox presented between June 2022 and October 2022 and exclusively occurred in men who have sex with men (100%, 28/28), of whom 46% (13/28) were living with HIV, and 32% (9/28) were using pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Secondary bacterial infection of mpox lesions was suspected in six individuals, and all received systemic antibiotics. Overall, 26 were followed up in November 2023 after a median time of 15 months, and scar formations were found in 43% of cases.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Our data provide insights into the late yet cumulating disease burden caused by the 2022 mpox outbreak. Highly effective prevention strategies are warranted to overcome the mpox epidemic and its potential late sequelae.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : Medical Scientific Fund of the Mayor of Vienna, 21130
Informations de copyright
© 2024 The Author(s). HIV Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British HIV Association.
Références
Thornhill JP, Barkati S, Walmsley S, et al. Monkeypox virus infection in humans across 16 countries ‐ April‐June 2022. N Engl J Med. 2022;387:679‐691.
Borges V, Duque MP, Martins JV, et al. Viral genetic clustering and transmission dynamics of the 2022 mpox outbreak in Portugal. Nat Med. 2023;29:2509‐2517.
Allan‐Blitz LT, Gandhi M, Adamson P, Park I, Bolan G, Klausner JD. A position statement on Mpox as a sexually transmitted disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2023;76:1508‐1512.
World Health Organisation. 2022–23 Mpox outbreak: global trends. 2023 https://worldhealthorg.shinyapps.io/mpx_global/ [Accessed 07 Jan 2024]
Akiyama Y, Morioka S, Tsuzuki S, et al. Efficacy and viral dynamics of tecovirimat in patients with MPOX: a multicenter open‐label, double‐arm trial in Japan. J Infect Chemother. 2023;30(6):488‐493.
Vo C, Zomorodi R, Silvera R, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with Mpox who received Tecovirimat in a new York City health system. Open forum. Infect Dis. 2023;10:ofad552.
Petersen E, Kantele A, Koopmans M, et al. Human Monkeypox: epidemiologic and clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and prevention. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2019;33:1027‐1043.
Americo JL, Earl PL, Moss B. Virulence differences of mpox (monkeypox) virus clades I, IIa, and IIb.1 in a small animal model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023;120:e2220415120.
Okoli GN, Van Caeseele P, Askin N, Abou‐Setta AM. A global systematic evidence review with meta‐analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of the 2022 Mpox outbreaks. Infection. 2023;10(11):ofad552.
Mitjà O, Alemany A, Marks M, et al. Mpox in people with advanced HIV infection: a global case series. Lancet. 2023;401:939‐949.
Prasad S, Galvan Casas C, Strahan AG, et al. A dermatologic assessment of 101 mpox (monkeypox) cases from 13 countries during the 2022 outbreak: skin lesion morphology, clinical course, and scarring. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023;88:1066‐1073.
Besombes C, Mbrenga F, Malaka C, et al. Investigation of a mpox outbreak in Central African Republic, 2021‐2022. One Health (Amsterdam, Netherlands). 2023;16:100523.
Wokalek H, Ruh H. Time course of wound healing. J Biomater Appl. 1991;5:337‐362.
Zeyen C, Kinberger M, Kriedemann H, et al. Clinical spectrum and long‐term outcomes of mpox: a cohort study spanning from acute infection to six‐month follow‐up. BMC Infect Dis. 2024;24:317.
Van Beugen S, Schut C, Kupfer J, et al. Perceived stigmatization among dermatological outpatients compared with controls: an observational multicentre study in 17 European countries. Acta Derm Venereol. 2023;103:adv6485.
Jezek Z, Hardjotanojo W, Rangaraj AG. Facial scarring after varicella. A comparison with variola major and variola minor. Am J Epidemiol. 1981;114:798‐803.
Deputy NP, Deckert J, Chard AN, et al. Vaccine effectiveness of JYNNEOS against Mpox disease in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2023;388:2434‐2443.
Schildhauer S, Saadeh K, Vance J, et al. Reduced odds of Mpox‐associated hospitalization among persons who received JYNNEOS vaccine ‐ California, may 2022‐may 2023. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2023;72:992‐996.