Positive feedbacks and alternative stable states in forest leaf types.

Forests Plant Leaves / growth & development Biodiversity Trees / growth & development Ecosystem Soil / chemistry Climate

Journal

Nature communications

ISSN: 2041-1723

Titre abrégé: Nat Commun

Pays: England

ID NLM: 101528555

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
31 May 2024

Historique:

received: 31 08 2023

accepted: 09 05 2024

medline: 1 6 2024

pubmed: 1 6 2024

entrez: 31 5 2024

Statut: epublish

Résumé

The emergence of alternative stable states in forest systems has significant implications for the functioning and structure of the terrestrial biosphere, yet empirical evidence remains scarce. Here, we combine global forest biodiversity observations and simulations to test for alternative stable states in the presence of evergreen and deciduous forest types. We reveal a bimodal distribution of forest leaf types across temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere that cannot be explained by the environment alone, suggesting signatures of alternative forest states. Moreover, we empirically demonstrate the existence of positive feedbacks in tree growth, recruitment and mortality, with trees having 4-43% higher growth rates, 14-17% higher survival rates and 4-7 times higher recruitment rates when they are surrounded by trees of their own leaf type. Simulations show that the observed positive feedbacks are necessary and sufficient to generate alternative forest states, which also lead to dependency on history (hysteresis) during ecosystem transition from evergreen to deciduous forests and vice versa. We identify hotspots of bistable forest types in evergreen-deciduous ecotones, which are likely driven by soil-related positive feedbacks. These findings are integral to predicting the distribution of forest biomes, and aid to our understanding of biodiversity, carbon turnover, and terrestrial climate feedbacks.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48676-5 PMID: 38821957

pubmed: 38821957

doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-48676-5

pii: 10.1038/s41467-024-48676-5

doi:

Substances chimiques

Soil 0

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

Pagination

4658

Subventions

Organisme : Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (Swiss National Science Foundation)

ID : #PZ00P3_193646

Investigateurs

Meinrad Abegg (M)

Yves C Adou Yao (YC)

Giorgio Alberti (G)

Angelica M Almeyda Zambrano (AM)

Braulio Vilchez Alvarado (BV)

Esteban Alvarez-Dávila (E)

Patricia Alvarez-Loayza (P)

Luciana F Alves (LF)

Christian Ammer (C)

Clara Antón-Fernández (C)

Alejandro Araujo-Murakami (A)

Luzmila Arroyo (L)

Valerio Avitabile (V)

Gerardo A Aymard (GA)

Timothy R Baker (TR)

Radomir Bałazy (R)

Olaf Banki (O)

Jorcely G Barroso (JG)

Meredith L Bastian (ML)

Jean-Francois Bastin (JF)

Luca Birigazzi (L)

Philippe Birnbaum (P)

Robert Bitariho (R)

Pascal Boeckx (P)

Frans Bongers (F)

Olivier Bouriaud (O)

Pedro H S Brancalion (PHS)

Susanne Brandl (S)

Francis Q Brearley (FQ)

Roel Brienen (R)

Eben N Broadbent (EN)

Helge Bruelheide (H)

Filippo Bussotti (F)

Roberto Cazzolla Gatti (RC)

Ricardo G César (RG)

Goran Cesljar (G)

Robin Chazdon (R)

Han Y H Chen (HYH)

Chelsea Chisholm (C)

Hyunkook Cho (H)

Emil Cienciala (E)

Connie Clark (C)

David Clark (D)

Gabriel D Colletta (GD)

David A Coomes (DA)

Fernando Cornejo Valverde (FC)

José J Corral-Rivas (JJ)

Philip M Crim (PM)

Jonathan R Cumming (JR)

Selvadurai Dayanandan (S)

André L de Gasper (AL)

Mathieu Decuyper (M)

Géraldine Derroire (G)

Ben DeVries (B)

Ilija Djordjevic (I)

Jiri Dolezal (J)

Aurélie Dourdain (A)

Nestor Laurier Engone Obiang (NLE)

Brian J Enquist (BJ)

Teresa J Eyre (TJ)

Adandé Belarmain Fandohan (AB)

Tom M Fayle (TM)

Ted R Feldpausch (TR)

Leandro V Ferreira (LV)

Leena Finér (L)

Markus Fischer (M)

Christine Fletcher (C)

Jonas Fridman (J)

Lorenzo Frizzera (L)

Javier G P Gamarra (JGP)

Damiano Gianelle (D)

Henry B Glick (HB)

David J Harris (DJ)

Andrew Hector (A)

Andreas Hemp (A)

Geerten Hengeveld (G)

Bruno Hérault (B)

John L Herbohn (JL)

Martin Herold (M)

Annika Hillers (A)

Eurídice N Honorio Coronado (EN)

Cang Hui (C)

Thomas Ibanez (T)

Amaral Iêda (A)

Nobuo Imai (N)

Andrzej M Jagodziński (AM)

Bogdan Jaroszewicz (B)

Vivian Kvist Johannsen (VK)

Carlos A Joly (CA)

Tommaso Jucker (T)

Ilbin Jung (I)

Viktor Karminov (V)

Kuswata Kartawinata (K)

Elizabeth Kearsley (E)

David Kenfack (D)

Deborah K Kennard (DK)

Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas (S)

Gunnar Keppel (G)

Mohammed Latif Khan (ML)

Timothy J Killeen (TJ)

Hyun Seok Kim (HS)

Kanehiro Kitayama (K)

Michael Köhl (M)

Henn Korjus (H)

Florian Kraxner (F)

Diana Laarmann (D)

Mait Lang (M)

Simon L Lewis (SL)

Huicui Lu (H)

Natalia V Lukina (NV)

Brian S Maitner (BS)

Yadvinder Malhi (Y)

Eric Marcon (E)

Beatriz Schwantes Marimon (BS)

Ben Hur Marimon-Junior (BH)

Andrew R Marshall (AR)

Emanuel H Martin (EH)

Dmitry Kucher (D)

Jorge A Meave (JA)

Omar Melo-Cruz (O)

Casimiro Mendoza (C)

Cory Merow (C)

Abel Monteagudo Mendoza (AM)

Vanessa S Moreno (VS)

Sharif A Mukul (SA)

Philip Mundhenk (P)

María Guadalupe Nava-Miranda (MG)

David Neill (D)

Victor J Neldner (VJ)

Radovan V Nevenic (RV)

Michael R Ngugi (MR)

Pascal A Niklaus (PA)

Jacek Oleksyn (J)

Petr Ontikov (P)

Edgar Ortiz-Malavasi (E)

Yude Pan (Y)

Alain Paquette (A)

Alexander Parada-Gutierrez (A)

Elena I Parfenova (EI)

Minjee Park (M)

Marc Parren (M)

Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy (N)

Pablo L Peri (PL)

Sebastian Pfautsch (S)

Oliver L Phillips (OL)

Nicolas Picard (N)

Maria Teresa T F Piedade (MTTF)

Daniel Piotto (D)

Nigel C A Pitman (NCA)

Irina Polo (I)

Lourens Poorter (L)

Axel D Poulsen (AD)

John R Poulsen (JR)

Hans Pretzsch (H)

Freddy Ramirez Arevalo (FR)

Zorayda Restrepo-Correa (Z)

Mirco Rodeghiero (M)

Samir G Rolim (SG)

Anand Roopsind (A)

Francesco Rovero (F)

Ervan Rutishauser (E)

Purabi Saikia (P)

Christian Salas-Eljatib (C)

Philippe Saner (P)

Peter Schall (P)

Mart-Jan Schelhaas (MJ)

Dmitry Schepaschenko (D)

Michael Scherer-Lorenzen (M)

Bernhard Schmid (B)

Jochen Schöngart (J)

Eric B Searle (EB)

Vladimír Seben (V)

Josep M Serra-Diaz (JM)

Douglas Sheil (D)

Anatoly Z Shvidenko (AZ)

Javier E Silva-Espejo (JE)

Marcos Silveira (M)

James Singh (J)

Plinio Sist (P)

Ferry Slik (F)

Bonaventure Sonké (B)

Alexandre F Souza (AF)

Stanislaw Miscicki (S)

Krzysztof J Stereńczak (KJ)

Jens-Christian Svenning (JC)

Miroslav Svoboda (M)

Ben Swanepoel (B)

Natalia Targhetta (N)

Nadja Tchebakova (N)

Hans Ter Steege (H)

Raquel Thomas (R)

Elena Tikhonova (E)

Peter M Umunay (PM)

Vladimir A Usoltsev (VA)

Renato Valencia (R)

Fernando Valladares (F)

Fons van der Plas (F)

Tran Van Do (T)

Michael E van Nuland (ME)

Rodolfo M Vasquez (RM)

Hans Verbeeck (H)

Helder Viana (H)

Alexander C Vibrans (AC)

Simone Vieira (S)

Klaus von Gadow (K)

Hua-Feng Wang (HF)

James V Watson (JV)

Gijsbert D A Werner (GDA)

Bertil Westerlund (B)

Susan K Wiser (SK)

Florian Wittmann (F)

Hannsjoerg Woell (H)

Verginia Wortel (V)

Roderik Zagt (R)

Tomasz Zawiła-Niedźwiecki (T)

Chunyu Zhang (C)

Xiuhai Zhao (X)

Mo Zhou (M)

Zhi-Xin Zhu (ZX)

Irie C Zo-Bi (IC)

Informations de copyright

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