Circadian and ultradian rhythms: Clinical implications.
Addison's
Cushing's
circadian
glucocorticoids
stress
ultradian
Journal
Journal of internal medicine
ISSN: 1365-2796
Titre abrégé: J Intern Med
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8904841
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 Jun 2024
02 Jun 2024
Historique:
medline:
3
6
2024
pubmed:
3
6
2024
entrez:
3
6
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is an extremely dynamic system with a combination of both circadian and ultradian oscillations. This state of 'continuous dynamic equilibration' provides a platform that is able to anticipate events, is sensitive in its response to stressors, remains robust during perturbations of both the internal and external environments and shows plasticity to adapt to a changed environment. In this review, we describe these oscillations of glucocorticoid (GC) hormones and why they are so important for GC-dependent gene activation in the brain and liver, and their consequent effects on the regulation of synaptic and memory function as well as appetite control and metabolic regulation. Abnormalities of mood, appetite and metabolic regulation are well-known consequences of GC therapy, and we suggest that the pattern of GC treatment and hormone replacement should be a much higher priority for endocrinologists and the pharmaceutical industry. One of the major impediments to our research on the importance of these cortisol rhythms in our patients has been our inability to measure repeated levels of hormones across the day in patients in their home or work surroundings. We describe how new wearable methodologies now allow the measurement of 24-h cortisol profiles - including during sleep - and will enable us to define physiological normality and allow us both to develop better diagnostic tests and inform, at an individual patient level, how to improve replacement therapy.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : UK Research and Innovation
ID : UKRI Medical Research Grant MR/R010919/1
Organisme : Wellcome Trust Technology Development Grant
ID : 223704/Z/21/Z
Organisme : EU Horizon 2020 grant Ultradian
ID : 633515
Informations de copyright
© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Internal Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association for Publication of The Journal of Internal Medicine.
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