Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Haemophilus influenzae infections in pediatric patients hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia.
Humans
COVID-19
/ epidemiology
Male
Female
Haemophilus influenzae
/ drug effects
Child
Child, Preschool
Haemophilus Infections
/ epidemiology
Retrospective Studies
Community-Acquired Infections
/ epidemiology
Infant
China
/ epidemiology
Anti-Bacterial Agents
/ therapeutic use
Hospitalization
Adolescent
Pandemics
Coinfection
/ epidemiology
SARS-CoV-2
/ isolation & purification
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
Haemophilus influenzae
Antimicrobial resistance
COVID-19
Community acquired pneumonia
Epidemiology
Pediatrics
Journal
Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
Titre abrégé: Sci Rep
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101563288
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 Jun 2024
03 Jun 2024
Historique:
received:
20
03
2024
accepted:
21
05
2024
medline:
4
6
2024
pubmed:
4
6
2024
entrez:
3
6
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The COVID-19 pandemic has altered the infection landscape for many pathogens. This retrospective study aimed to compare Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) infections in pediatric CAP patients hospitalized before (2018-2019) and during (2020-2022) the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed the clinical epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns of H. influenzae from a tertiary hospital in southwest China. A total of 986 pediatric CAP patients with H. influenzae-associated infections were included. Compared to 2018, the positivity rate increased in 2019 but dropped significantly in 2020. Although it rose in the following 2 years, the rate in 2022 remained significantly lower than in 2019. Patients' age during the pandemic was significantly higher than in 2018 and 2019, while gender composition remained similar across both periods. Notably, there were significant changes in co-infections with several respiratory pathogens during the pandemic. Resistance rates of H. influenzae isolates to antibiotics varied, with the highest resistance observed for ampicillin (85.9%) and the lowest for cefotaxime (0.0%). Resistance profiles to various antibiotics underwent dramatic changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefaclor, cefuroxime, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and the proportion of multi-drug resistant (MDR) isolates significantly decreased. Additionally, MDR isolates, alongside isolates resistant to specific drugs, were notably prevalent in ampicillin-resistant and β-lactamase-positive isolates. The number of pediatric CAP patients, H. influenzae infections, and isolates resistant to certain antibiotics exhibited seasonal patterns, peaking in the winter of 2018 and 2019. During the COVID-19 pandemic, sharp decreases were observed in February 2020, and there was no resurgence in December 2022. These findings indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered the infection spectrum of H. influenzae in pediatric CAP patients, as evidenced by shifts in positivity rate, demographic characteristics, respiratory co-infections, AMR patterns, and seasonal trends.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38830922
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-62728-2
pii: 10.1038/s41598-024-62728-2
doi:
Substances chimiques
Anti-Bacterial Agents
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
12737Subventions
Organisme : The Project Fund of Yongchuan Science and Technology Bureau
ID : 2020cc0202
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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