Comparison of scales for the evaluation of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage: a retrospective cohort study.
Delayed cerebral infarct
Fisher scale
Hijdra scale
Subarachnoid haemorrhage
Vasospasm
Journal
European radiology
ISSN: 1432-1084
Titre abrégé: Eur Radiol
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 9114774
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 Jun 2024
05 Jun 2024
Historique:
received:
03
11
2023
accepted:
14
04
2024
revised:
05
04
2024
medline:
5
6
2024
pubmed:
5
6
2024
entrez:
5
6
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) is a life-threatening event with major complications. Delayed cerebral infarct (DCI) occurs most frequently 7 days after aSAH and can last for a prolonged period. To determine the most predictive radiological scales in grading subarachnoid or ventricular haemorrhage or both for functional outcome at 3 months in a large aSAH population, we conducted a single-centre retrospective study. A 3-year single-centre retrospective cohort study of 230 patients hospitalised for aSAH was analysed. Initial computed tomography (CT) scans in patients hospitalised for aSAH were blindly assessed using eight grading systems: the Fisher grade, modified Fisher grade, Barrow Neurological Institute scale, Hijdra scale, Intraventricular Haemorrhage (IVH) score, Graeb score and LeRoux score. Of 200 patients with aSAH who survived to day 7 and were included for DCI analysis, 39% of cases were complicated with DCI. The Hijdra scale was the best predictor for DCI, with a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC Although these results have yet to be prospectively confirmed, our findings suggest that the Hijdra scale may be a good predictor of DCI and could be useful in daily clinical practice. Better assessment of subarachnoid haemorrhage patients would allow for better prognostication and management of expectations, as well as referral for appropriate services and helping to appropriate use limited critical care resources. Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage is a life-threatening event that causes severe disability and leads to major complications such as delayed cerebral infarction. Accurate assessment of the amount of blood in the subarachnoid spaces on computed tomography with the Hijdra scale can better predict the risk of delayed cerebral infarct. The Hijdra scale could be a good triage tool for subarachnoid haemorrhage patients.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVE
Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) is a life-threatening event with major complications. Delayed cerebral infarct (DCI) occurs most frequently 7 days after aSAH and can last for a prolonged period. To determine the most predictive radiological scales in grading subarachnoid or ventricular haemorrhage or both for functional outcome at 3 months in a large aSAH population, we conducted a single-centre retrospective study.
METHODS
METHODS
A 3-year single-centre retrospective cohort study of 230 patients hospitalised for aSAH was analysed. Initial computed tomography (CT) scans in patients hospitalised for aSAH were blindly assessed using eight grading systems: the Fisher grade, modified Fisher grade, Barrow Neurological Institute scale, Hijdra scale, Intraventricular Haemorrhage (IVH) score, Graeb score and LeRoux score.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Of 200 patients with aSAH who survived to day 7 and were included for DCI analysis, 39% of cases were complicated with DCI. The Hijdra scale was the best predictor for DCI, with a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Although these results have yet to be prospectively confirmed, our findings suggest that the Hijdra scale may be a good predictor of DCI and could be useful in daily clinical practice.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT
CONCLUSIONS
Better assessment of subarachnoid haemorrhage patients would allow for better prognostication and management of expectations, as well as referral for appropriate services and helping to appropriate use limited critical care resources.
KEY POINTS
CONCLUSIONS
Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage is a life-threatening event that causes severe disability and leads to major complications such as delayed cerebral infarction. Accurate assessment of the amount of blood in the subarachnoid spaces on computed tomography with the Hijdra scale can better predict the risk of delayed cerebral infarct. The Hijdra scale could be a good triage tool for subarachnoid haemorrhage patients.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38836940
doi: 10.1007/s00330-024-10814-4
pii: 10.1007/s00330-024-10814-4
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
Références
Velly LJ, Bilotta F, Fabregas N et al (2015) Anaesthetic and ICU management of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage: a survey of European practice. Eur J Anaesthesiol 32:168–176
pubmed: 25303971
Triglia T, Mezzapesa A, Martin JC et al (2016) Early matrix metalloproteinase-9 concentration in the first 48 h after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage predicts delayed cerebral ischaemia: an observational study. Eur J Anaesthesiol 33:662–669
pubmed: 27355865
doi: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000000494
Berman MF, Solomon RA, Mayer SA, Johnston SC, Yung PP (2003) Impact of hospital-related factors on outcome after treatment of cerebral aneurysms. Stroke 34:2200–2207
pubmed: 12907814
doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000086528.32334.06
Fisher CM, Kistler JP, Davis JM (1980) Relation of cerebral vasospasm to subarachnoid hemorrhage visualized by computerized tomographic scanning. Neurosurgery 6:1–9
pubmed: 7354892
doi: 10.1227/00006123-198001000-00001
Hijdra A, van Gijn J, Nagelkerke NJ, Vermeulen M, van Crevel H (1988) Prediction of delayed cerebral ischemia, rebleeding, and outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 19:1250–1256
pubmed: 3176085
doi: 10.1161/01.STR.19.10.1250
Kramer AH, Hehir M, Nathan B et al (2008) A comparison of 3 radiographic scales for the prediction of delayed ischemia and prognosis following subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 109:199–207
pubmed: 18671630
doi: 10.3171/JNS/2008/109/8/0199
Claassen J, Bernardini GL, Kreiter K et al (2001) Effect of cisternal and ventricular blood on risk of delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage: the Fisher scale revisited. Stroke 32:2012–2020
pubmed: 11546890
doi: 10.1161/hs0901.095677
Hijdra A, Brouwers PJ, Vermeulen M, van Gijn J (1990) Grading the amount of blood on computed tomograms after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 21:1156–1161
pubmed: 2389295
doi: 10.1161/01.STR.21.8.1156
Frontera JA, Claassen J, Schmidt JM et al (2006) Prediction of symptomatic vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage: the modified fisher scale. Neurosurgery 59:21–27
pubmed: 16823296
Wilson DA, Nakaji P, Abla AA et al (2012) A simple and quantitative method to predict symptomatic vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage based on computed tomography: beyond the fisher scale. Neurosurgery 71:869–875
pubmed: 22801639
doi: 10.1227/NEU.0b013e318267360f
Dengler NF, Diesing D, Sarrafzadeh A, Wolf S, Vajkoczy P (2017) The Barrow Neurological Institute Scale Revisited: predictive capabilities for cerebral infarction and clinical outcome in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 81:341–349
pubmed: 28201763
doi: 10.1093/neuros/nyw141
Jimenez-Roldan L, Alen JF, Gomez PA et al (2013) Volumetric analysis of subarachnoid hemorrhage: assessment of the reliability of two computerized methods and their comparison with other radiographic scales. J Neurosurg 118:84–93
pubmed: 22998059
doi: 10.3171/2012.8.JNS12100
van der Steen WE, Leemans EL, van den Berg R et al (2019) Radiological scales predicting delayed cerebral ischemia in subarachnoid hemorrhage: systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroradiology 61:247–256
pubmed: 30693409
doi: 10.1007/s00234-019-02161-9
Smith ML, Abrahams JM, Chandela S, Smith MJ, Hurst RW, Le Roux PD (2005) Subarachnoid hemorrhage on computed tomography scanning and the development of cerebral vasospasm: the Fisher grade revisited. Surg Neurol 63:229–234
pubmed: 15734507
doi: 10.1016/j.surneu.2004.06.017
Graeb DA, Robertson WD, Lapointe JS, Nugent RA, Harrison PB (1982) Computed tomographic diagnosis of intraventricular hemorrhage. Etiology and prognosis. Radiology 143:91–96
pubmed: 6977795
doi: 10.1148/radiology.143.1.6977795
LeRoux PD, Haglund MM, Newell DW, Grady MS, Winn HR (1992) Intraventricular hemorrhage in blunt head trauma: an analysis of 43 cases. Neurosurgery 31:678–684. discussion 684-675
pubmed: 1407453
Hallevi H, Dar NS, Barreto AD et al (2009) The IVH score: a novel tool for estimating intraventricular hemorrhage volume: clinical and research implications. Crit Care Med 37:969–974, e961
pubmed: 19237905
pmcid: 2692316
doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e318198683a
von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M et al (2007) The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Lancet 370:1453–1457
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61602-X
Toulouse E, Masseguin C, Lafont B et al (2018) French legal approach to clinical research. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med 37:607–614
pubmed: 30580775
doi: 10.1016/j.accpm.2018.10.013
Steiner T, Juvela S, Unterberg A et al (2013) European Stroke Organization guidelines for the management of intracranial aneurysms and subarachnoid haemorrhage. Cerebrovasc Dis 35:93–112
pubmed: 23406828
doi: 10.1159/000346087
Washington CW, Zipfel GJ, Participants in the International Multi-disciplinary Consensus Conference on the Critical Care Management of Subarachnoid H (2011) Detection and monitoring of vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia: a review and assessment of the literature. Neurocrit Care 15:312–317
pubmed: 21748499
doi: 10.1007/s12028-011-9594-8
Teasdale G, Jennett B (1974) Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. A practical scale. Lancet 2:81–84
pubmed: 4136544
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(74)91639-0
Drake CG (1988) Report of World Federation of Neurological Surgeons Committee on a Universal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Grading Scale. J Neurosurg 68:985–986
Le Gall JR, Lemeshow S, Saulnier F (1993) A new Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) based on a European/North American multicenter study. J Am Med Assoc 270:2957–2963
doi: 10.1001/jama.1993.03510240069035
Diringer MN, Bleck TP, Claude Hemphill 3rd J et al (2011) Critical care management of patients following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: recommendations from the Neurocritical Care Society’s Multidisciplinary Consensus Conference. Neurocrit Care 15:211–240
pubmed: 21773873
doi: 10.1007/s12028-011-9605-9
Vergouwen MD, Vermeulen M, van Gijn J et al (2010) Definition of delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage as an outcome event in clinical trials and observational studies: proposal of a multidisciplinary research group. Stroke 41:2391–2395
pubmed: 20798370
doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.589275
Mehta V, Holness RO, Connolly K, Walling S, Hall R (1996) Acute hydrocephalus following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Can J Neurol Sci 23:40–45
pubmed: 8673961
doi: 10.1017/S0317167100039160
Jennett B, Bond M (1975) Assessment of outcome after severe brain damage. Lancet 1:480–484
pubmed: 46957
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(75)92830-5
DeLong ER, DeLong DM, Clarke-Pearson DL (1988) Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a nonparametric approach. Biometrics 44:837–845
pubmed: 3203132
doi: 10.2307/2531595
Landis JR, Koch GG (1977) The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 33:159–174
pubmed: 843571
doi: 10.2307/2529310
Aggarwal A, Dhandapani S, Praneeth K et al (2018) Comparative evaluation of H&H and WFNS grading scales with modified H&H (sans systemic disease): a study on 1000 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurg Rev 41:241–247
pubmed: 28299469
doi: 10.1007/s10143-017-0843-y
St Julien J, Bandeen-Roche K, Tamargo RJ (2008) Validation of an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage grading scale in 1532 consecutive patients. Neurosurgery 63:204–210
doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000316857.80632.9A
de Rooij NK, Rinkel GJ, Dankbaar JW, Frijns CJ (2013) Delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review of clinical, laboratory, and radiological predictors. Stroke 44:43–54
pubmed: 23250997
doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.674291
Bretz JS, Von Dincklage F, Woitzik J et al (2016) The Hijdra scale has significant prognostic value for the functional outcome of Fisher grade 3 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Clin Neuroradiol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00062-016-0509-0
Said M, Odensass S, Gumus M et al (2023) Comparing radiographic scores for prediction of complications and outcome of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: which performs best? Eur J Neurol 30:659–670
pubmed: 36371646
doi: 10.1111/ene.15634
Kole MJ, Shea P, Albrecht JS et al (2020) Utility of the Hijdra Sum Score in predicting risk of aneurysm in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage: a single-center experience with 550 patients. Neurosurgery 86:783–791
pubmed: 31501896
doi: 10.1093/neuros/nyz346
Dupont SA, Wijdicks EF, Manno EM, Lanzino G, Rabinstein AA (2009) Prediction of angiographic vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: value of the Hijdra sum scoring system. Neurocrit Care 11:172–176
pubmed: 19642027
doi: 10.1007/s12028-009-9247-3
Nieuwkamp DJ, Setz LE, Algra A, Linn FH, de Rooij NK, Rinkel GJ (2009) Changes in case fatality of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage over time, according to age, sex, and region: a meta-analysis. Lancet Neurol 8:635–642
pubmed: 19501022
doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70126-7
van Norden AG, van Dijk GW, van Huizen MD, Algra A, Rinkel GJ (2006) Interobserver agreement and predictive value for outcome of two rating scales for the amount of extravasated blood after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. J Neurol 253:1217–1220
pubmed: 16998645
doi: 10.1007/s00415-006-0205-0
Ibrahim GM, Weidauer S, Macdonald RL (2011) Interobserver variability in the interpretation of computed tomography following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 115:1191–1196
pubmed: 21819195
doi: 10.3171/2011.7.JNS11725
Sheehan JP, Polin RS, Sheehan JM, Baskaya MK, Kassell NF (1999) Factors associated with hydrocephalus after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 45:1120–1127. discussion 1127–1128
pubmed: 10549928
doi: 10.1097/00006123-199911000-00021
Varelas P, Helms A, Sinson G, Spanaki M, Hacein-Bey L (2006) Clipping or coiling of ruptured cerebral aneurysms and shunt-dependent hydrocephalus. Neurocrit Care 4:223–228
pubmed: 16757827
doi: 10.1385/NCC:4:3:223
Gruber A, Reinprecht A, Bavinzski G, Czech T, Richling B (1999) Chronic shunt-dependent hydrocephalus after early surgical and early endovascular treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms. Neurosurgery 44:503–509. discussion 509–512
pubmed: 10069587
doi: 10.1097/00006123-199903000-00039
Hwang BY, Bruce SS, Appelboom G et al (2012) Evaluation of intraventricular hemorrhage assessment methods for predicting outcome following intracerebral hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 116:185–192
pubmed: 21999319
doi: 10.3171/2011.9.JNS10850
Mijderwijk HJ, Fischer I, Zhivotovskaya A et al (2019) Prognostic model for chronic shunt-dependent hydrocephalus after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. World Neurosurg. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2018.12.156
Boers AM, Zijlstra IA, Gathier CS et al (2014) Automatic quantification of subarachnoid hemorrhage on noncontrast CT. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 35:2279–2286
pubmed: 25104292
pmcid: 7965299
doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A4042
van Heuven AW, Dorhout Mees SM, Algra A, Rinkel GJ (2008) Validation of a prognostic subarachnoid hemorrhage grading scale derived directly from the Glasgow Coma Scale. Stroke 39:1347–1348
pubmed: 18309166
doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.498345
van Donkelaar CE, Bakker NA, Birks J et al (2019) Prediction of outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 50:837–844
pubmed: 30869562
doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.023902
Ban VS, El Ahmadieh TY, Aoun SG et al (2019) Prediction of outcomes for ruptured aneurysm surgery. Stroke 50:595–601
pubmed: 30776998
doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.023771
Shen J, Yu J, Huang S et al (2021) Scoring model to predict functional outcome in poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Front Neurol 12:601996
pubmed: 33679575
pmcid: 7930831
doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.601996
Stienen MN, Germans M, Burkhardt JK et al (2018) Predictors of in-hospital death after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: analysis of a Nationwide Database (Swiss SOS [Swiss Study on Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage]). Stroke 49:333–340
pubmed: 29335333
doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.019328
Couret D, Boussen S, Cardoso D et al (2023) Computed tomography in the assessment of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage for clinical outcome: an observational cohort study. Available via https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.23767/v1