Local complement activation and modulation in mucosal immunity.

The complement system is an evolutionarily conserved arm of innate immunity, which forms one of the first lines of host response to pathogens, and assists in the clearance of debris. A deficiency in key activators/amplifiers of the cascade results in recurrent infection, whereas a deficiency in regulating the cascade predisposes to accelerated organ failure, as observed in colitis and transplant rejection. Given that there are over 60 proteins in this system, it has become an attractive target for immunotherapeutics, many of which are FDA approved or in multiple phase 2/3 clinical trials.Moreover, there have been key advances in the last few years in the understanding of how the complement system operates locally in tissues, independent of its activities in the circulation. In this review, we will put into perspective the abovementioned discoveries to optimally modulate the spatiotemporal nature of complement activation and regulation at mucosal surfaces.

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.