Clostridium and Cryptosporidium outbreak linked to a splash pad.
Humans
Disease Outbreaks
Male
Female
Spain
/ epidemiology
Cryptosporidium
/ isolation & purification
Clostridium Infections
/ epidemiology
Cryptosporidiosis
/ epidemiology
Adult
Child
Adolescent
Child, Preschool
Middle Aged
Young Adult
Clostridium perfringens
/ isolation & purification
Gastroenteritis
/ epidemiology
Waterborne Diseases
/ epidemiology
Infant
Water Microbiology
Clostridium perfringens
Cryptosporidium spp.
AGE
Epidemiological surveillance
Epidemiology
Outbreak
Splash pad
Spray park
Walkable fountains
Waterborne disease outbreak
Journal
BMC public health
ISSN: 1471-2458
Titre abrégé: BMC Public Health
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100968562
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 Jun 2024
12 Jun 2024
Historique:
received:
02
02
2023
accepted:
16
05
2024
medline:
13
6
2024
pubmed:
13
6
2024
entrez:
12
6
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
. Splash pads for recreational purposes are widespread. Using these pads can pose a health risk if they lack installation regulation and water quality supervision. Our aim was to describe a waterborne disease outbreak caused by Clostridium perfringens and Cryptosporidium spp. in a Barcelona district and the measures taken for its control. . On August 2018, 71 cases of acute gastroenteritis were detected, affecting people who used a splash pad or were in contact with a user. Microbiological and environmental investigations were carried out. A descriptive analysis of the sample and Poisson regression models adjusted for age and sex were performed, obtaining frequencies, median values, and adjusted prevalence ratios with their 95% confidence intervals. The median age of the cases was 6.7 years, 27 (38%) required medical care, and three (4.2%) were hospitalized. The greater the number of times a person entered the area, the greater the number of symptoms and their severity. Nineteen (76%) of the 25 stool samples collected from cases showed the presence of one or both pathogens. Environmental investigations showed deficiencies in the facilities and identified the presence of both species in the splash pad. Health education and hygiene measures were carried out, and 14 days after the closure of the facilities, no more cases related to the pad were recorded. . Specific regulations are needed on the use of splash pads for recreational purposes. Until these regulations are in place, these types of facility should comply with the regulations that apply to swimming pools and spas, including those related to the design of the tanks, water recirculation systems, and adequate disinfection systems.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
. Splash pads for recreational purposes are widespread. Using these pads can pose a health risk if they lack installation regulation and water quality supervision. Our aim was to describe a waterborne disease outbreak caused by Clostridium perfringens and Cryptosporidium spp. in a Barcelona district and the measures taken for its control.
METHODS
METHODS
. On August 2018, 71 cases of acute gastroenteritis were detected, affecting people who used a splash pad or were in contact with a user. Microbiological and environmental investigations were carried out. A descriptive analysis of the sample and Poisson regression models adjusted for age and sex were performed, obtaining frequencies, median values, and adjusted prevalence ratios with their 95% confidence intervals.
RESULTS
RESULTS
The median age of the cases was 6.7 years, 27 (38%) required medical care, and three (4.2%) were hospitalized. The greater the number of times a person entered the area, the greater the number of symptoms and their severity. Nineteen (76%) of the 25 stool samples collected from cases showed the presence of one or both pathogens. Environmental investigations showed deficiencies in the facilities and identified the presence of both species in the splash pad. Health education and hygiene measures were carried out, and 14 days after the closure of the facilities, no more cases related to the pad were recorded.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
. Specific regulations are needed on the use of splash pads for recreational purposes. Until these regulations are in place, these types of facility should comply with the regulations that apply to swimming pools and spas, including those related to the design of the tanks, water recirculation systems, and adequate disinfection systems.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38867266
doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18870-7
pii: 10.1186/s12889-024-18870-7
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1578Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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