Investigation of metal concentration distribution and corresponding health exposure assessment of fabricated metal product manufacturers.
Hazard index
Health hazard
Incremental lifetime cancer risk
Surface treatment plants
Journal
Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
Titre abrégé: Sci Rep
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101563288
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
13 06 2024
13 06 2024
Historique:
received:
02
07
2023
accepted:
06
06
2024
medline:
14
6
2024
pubmed:
14
6
2024
entrez:
13
6
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The fabricated metal product industries were identified as producers of variable and heterogeneous pollution. Workers in these manufacturing facilities are exposed to multiple pollutants present at variable concentrations. Specific known adverse health effects include bladder cancer associated with metalworking fluid exposure and lung cancer associated with electroplating processes. To reduce the incidence of these adverse effects, the main challenge is to identify the most hazardous pollutants within this complex exposure environment and evaluate the corresponding health potentials. In this study, exposure indices were formulated to assess multiple metal exposures with the ultimate goal of providing relevant information for exposure reduction and control measures. Fifteen plants, including metal mold manufacturing, metal casting, and surface treatment plants, were investigated in terms of total concentration, summation of corresponding ratio to threshold limit value (STLV
Identifiants
pubmed: 38871786
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-64277-0
pii: 10.1038/s41598-024-64277-0
doi:
Substances chimiques
Metals
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
13662Subventions
Organisme : Kaohsiung Medical University
ID : KMU-TC113A01
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
Références
DBGAS. Preliminary statistical results of the 2011 Industrial and Service Sector Census. Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, Taipei (2023).
Colt, J. S. et al. A case-control study of occupational exposure to metalworking fluids and bladder cancer risk among men. Occup. Environ. Med. 71, A71–A71. https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2014-102362.221 (2014).
doi: 10.1136/oemed-2014-102362.221
pubmed: 25018457
Panizza, C. et al. Lung cancer risk in the electroplating industry in Lombardy, Italy, using the Italian occupational cancer monitoring (OCCAM) information system. Am. J. Ind. Med. 55, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.21004 (2012).
doi: 10.1002/ajim.21004
pubmed: 21919030
Hutchings, S. J., Rushton, L., British Occupational Cancer Burden Study Group. Occupational cancer in Britain: Industry sector results. Br. J. Cancer 107, S92–S103. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2012.123 (2012).
doi: 10.1038/bjc.2012.123
pubmed: 22710685
pmcid: 3384010
Thorneus, E. et al. Occupational exposure to metalworking fluid and the effect on health symptoms-an intervention study. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 63, e667–e672. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000002327 (2021).
doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002327
pubmed: 34310539
pmcid: 8478316
IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Volume 54 Occupational Exposures to Mists and Vapours from Strong Inorganic Acids; and Other Industrial Chemicals (1992).
Chen, Y. C. et al. Reliability and validity of expert assessment based on airborne and urinary measures of nickel and chromium exposure in the electroplating industry. J. Expo Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 24, 622–628. https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2014.22 (2014).
doi: 10.1038/jes.2014.22
pubmed: 24736099
pmcid: 4199939
Sivapirakasam, S. P., Mathew, J. & Surianarayanan, M. Constituent analysis of aerosol generated from die sinking electrical discharge machining process. Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 89, 141–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2010.10.003 (2011).
doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2010.10.003
Peixe, T. S., Nascimento Ede, S., Silva, C. S. & Bussacos, M. A. Occupational exposure profile of Pb, Mn, and Cd in nonferrous Brazilian sanitary alloy foundries. Toxicol. Ind. Health 30, 701–713. https://doi.org/10.1177/0748233712462464 (2014).
doi: 10.1177/0748233712462464
pubmed: 23104727
Giurlani, W. et al. Electroplating for decorative applications: Recent trends in research and development. Coatings https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings8080260 (2018).
doi: 10.3390/coatings8080260
Altan, T., Lilly, B., Yen, Y. C. & Altan, T. Manufacturing of dies and molds. CIRP Ann.-Manuf. Technol. 50, 404–422. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0007-8506(07)62988-6 (2001).
doi: 10.1016/s0007-8506(07)62988-6
U.S. Department of Energy Office of Industrial Technologies. Energy and Environmental Profile of the U.S. Metalcasting Industry (1999).
Salnikow, K. & Zhitkovich, A. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in metal carcinogenesis and cocarcinogenesis: Nickel, arsenic, and chromium. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 21, 28–44. https://doi.org/10.1021/tx700198a (2008).
doi: 10.1021/tx700198a
pubmed: 17970581
IARC. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans-Chromium, Nickel and Welding (International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 1990).
Junaid, M., Hashmi, M. Z., Malik, R. N. & Pei, D. S. Toxicity and oxidative stress induced by chromium in workers exposed from different occupational settings around the globe: A review. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 23, 20151–20167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7463-x (2016).
doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-7463-x
Genchi, G., Carocci, A., Lauria, G., Sinicropi, M. S. & Catalano, A. Nickel: Human health and environmental toxicology. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030679 (2020).
doi: 10.3390/ijerph17030679
pubmed: 32466586
pmcid: 7312803
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological profile for manganese. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK158868/ (2012).
Navas-Acien, A. et al. Blood cadmium and lead and chronic kidney disease in US adults: A joint analysis. Am. J. Epidemiol. 170, 1156–1164. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwp248 (2009).
doi: 10.1093/aje/kwp248
pubmed: 19700501
pmcid: 2781739
McDermott, S., Wu, J., Cai, B., Lawson, A. & Marjorie Aelion, C. Probability of intellectual disability is associated with soil concentrations of arsenic and lead. Chemosphere 84, 31–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.02.088 (2011).
doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.02.088
pubmed: 21450328
pmcid: 3100367
Sanders, A. P., Claus Henn, B. & Wright, R. O. Perinatal and childhood exposure to cadmium, manganese, and metal mixtures and effects on cognition and behavior: A review of recent literature. Curr. Environ. Health Rep. 2, 284–294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40572-015-0058-8 (2015).
doi: 10.1007/s40572-015-0058-8
pubmed: 26231505
pmcid: 4531257
Paz Martínez-Viademonte, M., Abrahami, S. T., Hack, T., Burchardt, M. & Terryn, H. A review on anodizing of aerospace aluminum alloys for corrosion protection. Coatings https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10111106 (2020).
doi: 10.3390/coatings10111106
NIOSH. In NIOSH Manual of analytical methods, 5th ed. (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2020).
Liu, H. H., Chen, C. Y., Lan, C. H., Chang, C. P. & Peng, C. Y. Effects of a powered air-purifying respirator intervention on indium exposure reduction and indium related biomarkers among ITO sputter target manufacturing workers. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 13, 346–355. https://doi.org/10.1080/15459624.2015.1125487 (2016).
doi: 10.1080/15459624.2015.1125487
pubmed: 26771526
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. TLVs and BEIs: Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices (ACGIH Worldwide, 2021).
Blaisdell, R. J. Technical Support Document for Exposure Assessment and Stochastic Analysis (Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, 2012).
Peng, C. Y., Hsiao, S. L., Lan, C. H. & Huang, Y. L. Application of passive sampling on assessment of concentration distribution and health risk of volatile organic compounds at a high-tech science park. Environ. Monit. Assess. 185, 181–196. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-012-2542-z (2013).
doi: 10.1007/s10661-012-2542-z
pubmed: 22359069
Yu, K. P. et al. Indoor air pollution from gas cooking in five Taiwanese families. Build. Environ. 93, 258–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.06.024 (2015).
doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.06.024
Hsu, Y. C., Chao, H. R. & Shih, S. I. Human exposure to airborne aldehydes in Chinese medicine clinics during moxibustion therapy and its impact on risks to health. J. Environ Sci. Health A-Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng. 50, 260–271. https://doi.org/10.1080/10934529.2015.981112 (2015).
doi: 10.1080/10934529.2015.981112
Ministry of Interior. Bulletin of Internal Affairs Weekly Statistics- Week 34 of Year 2022. Taipei (2021).
Hwang, M., Lee, S. C., Park, J. H., Choi, J. & Lee, H. J. Statistical methods for handling nondetected results in food chemical monitoring data to improve food risk assessments. Food Sci. Nutr. 11, 5223–5235. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.3481 (2023).
doi: 10.1002/fsn3.3481
pubmed: 37701233
pmcid: 10494629
McClenaghan, E. Mann-Whitney U Test: Assumptions and Example. https://www.technologynetworks.com/informatics/articles/mann-whitney-u-test-assumptions-and-example-363425 (2022).
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. G. & Buchner, A. G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav. Res. Methods 39, 175–191. https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03193146 (2007).
doi: 10.3758/bf03193146
pubmed: 17695343
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. ToxFAQs
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Copper - ToxFAQs™. https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/ToxFAQs/ToxFAQsDetails.aspx?faqid=205&toxid=37 (2022).
New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services. Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet - Iron oxide. https://nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb/documents/fs/1036.pdf (2007).
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Public Health Statement for Manganese. https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/PHS/PHS.aspx?phsid=100&toxid=23 . (2012).
Cooper, R. G. Zinc toxicology following particulate inhalation. Indian J. Occup. Environ. Med. 12, 10–13 (2008).
doi: 10.4103/0019-5278.40809
pubmed: 20040991
pmcid: 2796768
Klotz, K. et al. The health effects of aluminum exposure. Dtsch. Arztebl. Int. 114, 653–659. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2017.0653 (2017).
doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2017.0653
pubmed: 29034866
pmcid: 5651828
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological Profile for Cadmium. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp5.pdf (2012).
Neto, B., Kroeze, C., Hordijk, L. & Costa, C. Inventory of pollution reduction options for an aluminium pressure die casting plant. Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 53, 309–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2009.01.003 (2009).
doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2009.01.003
Dalquist, S. & Gutowski, T. Life cycle analysis of conventional manufacturing techniques: Sand casting. In ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, 631–641 (2004).
Wu, M.-T., Lin, P.-C., Pan, C.-H. & Peng, C.-Y. Risk assessment of personal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aldehydes in three commercial cooking workplaces. Sci. Rep. 9, 1661. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-38082-5 (2019).
doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-38082-5
pubmed: 30733493
pmcid: 6367358
California Air Resources Board. Consolidated Table of OEHHA/ARB Approved Risk Assessment Health Values. https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/documents/consolidated-table-oehha-carb-approved-risk-assessment-health-values (2020).
Karagas, M. R. et al. Carcinogenicity of cobalt, antimony compounds, and weapons-grade tungsten alloy. Lancet Oncol. 23, 577–578. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00219-4 (2022).
doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00219-4
pubmed: 35397803
Scarselli, A., Di Marzio, D. & Iavicoli, S. Assessment of exposure to cobalt and its compounds in Italian industrial settings. Med. Lav. 111, 22–31. https://doi.org/10.23749/mdl.v111i1.8869 (2020).
doi: 10.23749/mdl.v111i1.8869
pubmed: 32096770
pmcid: 7809963
Garcia-Talavera, M., Matarranz, J. L., Salas, R. & Ramos, L. A regulatory perspective on the radiological impact of NORM industries: The case of the Spanish phosphate industry. J. Environ. Radioact. 102, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2010.08.007 (2011).
doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2010.08.007
pubmed: 20952107
Brown, T., Darnton, A., Fortunato, L., Rushton, L., with the British Occupational Cancer Burden Study Group. Occupational cancer in Britain: Respiratory cancer sites: Larynx, lung and mesothelioma. Br. J. Cancer 107, S56–S70. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2012.119 (2012).
doi: 10.1038/bjc.2012.119
pubmed: 22710680
pmcid: 3384016
Leyssens, L., Vinck, B., Van Der Straeten, C., Wuyts, F. & Maes, L. Cobalt toxicity in humans-A review of the potential sources and systemic health effects. Toxicology 387, 43–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2017.05.015 (2017).
doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.05.015
pubmed: 28572025
Makinen, M. & Linnainmaa, M. Dermal exposure to chromium in electroplating. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 48, 277–283. https://doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/meg072 (2004).
doi: 10.1093/annhyg/meg072
pubmed: 15059804
Pan, C. H., Jeng, H. A. & Lai, C. H. Biomarkers of oxidative stress in electroplating workers exposed to hexavalent chromium. J. Expo Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 28, 76–83. https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2016.85 (2018).
doi: 10.1038/jes.2016.85
pubmed: 28120834
Scarselli, A., Binazzi, A., Marzio, D. D., Marinaccio, A. & Iavicoli, S. Hexavalent chromium compounds in the workplace: Assessing the extent and magnitude of occupational exposure in Italy. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 9, 398–407. https://doi.org/10.1080/15459624.2012.682216 (2012).
doi: 10.1080/15459624.2012.682216
pubmed: 22577838
Shaw, L., Shaw, D., Hardisty, M., Britz-McKibbin, P. & Verma, D. K. Relationships between inhalable and total hexavalent chromium exposures in steel passivation, welding and electroplating operations of Ontario. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 230, 113601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113601 (2020).
doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113601
pubmed: 32836071
Scarselli, A., Di Marzio, D., Marinaccio, A. & Iavicoli, S. Nickel compounds in the workplaces: Occupations and activities involving high-risk exposures in Italy. Am. J. Ind. Med. 61, 968–977. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.22914 (2018).
doi: 10.1002/ajim.22914
pubmed: 30352130
Beattie, H. et al. The use of bio-monitoring to assess exposure in the electroplating industry. J. Expo Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 27, 47–55. https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2015.67 (2017).
doi: 10.1038/jes.2015.67
pubmed: 26627055
Onat, B., Caliskan, N. S., Sahin, U. A. & Uzun, B. Assessment of the health risk related to exposure to ultrafine, fine, and total particulates and metals in a metal finishing plant. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 27, 4058–4066. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06891-4 (2020).
doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-06891-4
Kim, D., Jung, S. & Yoon, C. Evaluation of airborne total suspended particulates and heavy metals in anodizing and electroplating surface treatment process. Sci. Rep. 11, 22537. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01577-9 (2021).
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-01577-9
pubmed: 34795314
pmcid: 8602259
Miller, A., Drake, P. L., Hintz, P. & Habjan, M. Characterizing exposures to airborne metals and nanoparticle emissions in a refinery. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 54, 504–513. https://doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/meq032 (2010).
doi: 10.1093/annhyg/meq032
pubmed: 20403942
Keyter, M., Van Der Merwe, A. & Franken, A. Particle size and metal composition of gouging and lancing fumes. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 16, 643–655. https://doi.org/10.1080/15459624.2019.1639719 (2019).
doi: 10.1080/15459624.2019.1639719
pubmed: 31361583