Malaria and other infections induce polyreactive antibodies that impact SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity estimations in endemic settings.
Humans
COVID-19
/ immunology
Antibodies, Viral
/ blood
Seroepidemiologic Studies
SARS-CoV-2
/ immunology
Immunoglobulin G
/ blood
Adult
Male
Female
Middle Aged
Malaria
/ epidemiology
Immunoglobulin M
/ blood
Young Adult
Aged
Adolescent
Europe
/ epidemiology
Immunoglobulin A
/ blood
Endemic Diseases
Africa
/ epidemiology
Africa South of the Sahara
/ epidemiology
SARS‐CoV‐2
epidemiology
humoral immunity
immune responses
immunoglobulin
infection
malaria
polyreactivity
Journal
Journal of medical virology
ISSN: 1096-9071
Titre abrégé: J Med Virol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7705876
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jun 2024
Jun 2024
Historique:
revised:
13
05
2024
received:
06
02
2024
accepted:
21
05
2024
medline:
14
6
2024
pubmed:
14
6
2024
entrez:
14
6
2024
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroprevalence is used to estimate the proportion of individuals within a population previously infected, to track viral transmission, and to monitor naturally and vaccine-induced immune protection. However, in sub-Saharan African settings, antibodies induced by higher exposure to pathogens may increase unspecific seroreactivity to SARS-CoV-2 antigens, resulting in false positive responses. To investigate the level and type of unspecific seroreactivitiy to SARS-CoV-2 in Africa, we measured immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, and IgM to a broad panel of antigens from different pathogens by Luminex in 602 plasma samples from African and European subjects differing in coronavirus disease 2019, malaria, and other exposures. Seroreactivity to SARS-CoV-2 antigens was higher in prepandemic African than in European samples and positively correlated with antibodies against human coronaviruses, helminths, protozoa, and especially Plasmodium falciparum. African subjects presented higher levels of autoantibodies, a surrogate of polyreactivity, which correlated with P. falciparum and SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Finally, we found an improved sensitivity in the IgG assay in African samples when using urea as a chaotropic agent. In conclusion, our data suggest that polyreactive antibodies induced mostly by malaria are important mediators of the unspecific anti-SARS-CoV-2 responses, and that the use of dissociating agents in immunoassays could be useful for more accurate estimates of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in African settings.
Substances chimiques
Antibodies, Viral
0
Immunoglobulin G
0
Immunoglobulin M
0
Immunoglobulin A
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e29713Subventions
Organisme : European Union under grant agreement no. 101046314 (END-VOC)
Organisme : Fundació Privada Daniel Bravo Andreu
Organisme : Swedish government
Organisme : European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership
Organisme : The Global Health Agency Unitaid as part of ACT-A
Organisme : German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) through KfW
Organisme : L.I. was supported by the PID2019-110810RB-I00 and PID2022-137031OB-I00 grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science & Innovation
Organisme : G.M. is supported by RYC 2020-029886-I/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, co- funded by European Social Fund (ESF)
Organisme : Stavros Niarchos Foundation
Organisme : Starr International Foundation
Organisme : Fundación Ramón Areces
Organisme : P.S. was supported by PID2021-125493OB-100 grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation
Organisme : CEX2018-000806-S funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033
Organisme : Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program
Informations de copyright
© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Medical Virology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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