Clinical efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-neutralizing antibodies in immunoglobulin preparations for the treatment of agammaglobulinemia in patients with primary antibody deficiency.
COVID‐19
SARS‐CoV‐2
agammaglobulinemia
intravenous immunoglobulin
neutralizing antibodies
primary immunodeficiency
Journal
Journal of medical virology
ISSN: 1096-9071
Titre abrégé: J Med Virol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7705876
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jun 2024
Jun 2024
Historique:
revised:
24
05
2024
received:
28
03
2024
accepted:
04
06
2024
medline:
17
6
2024
pubmed:
17
6
2024
entrez:
17
6
2024
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Immunocompromised individuals are at significantly elevated risk for severe courses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In addition to vaccination, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) have been applied throughout the pandemic, with time of treatment onset and potency against the currently prevailing virus variant identified as relevant factors for medical benefit. Using data from the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) registry, the present study evaluated COVID-19 cases in three groups of patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI; 981 agammaglobulinemia patients on immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IGRT); 8960 non-agammaglobulinemia patients on IGRT; 14 428 patients without IGRT), and the neutralizing capacity of 1100 immunoglobulin lots against SARS-CoV-2 ("Wuhan" and Omicron strains), throughout 3 years. From the first (2020/2021) to the second (2021/2022) cold season, i.e., during the virus drift to the more contagious Omicron variants, an increase in case numbers was recorded that was comparable (~2- to 3-fold) for all three study groups. During the same period, immunoglobulin lots showed a profound nAb increase against the archetypal SARS-CoV-2 strain, yet only low levels of Omicron nAbs. Notably, shortly before the third (2022/2023) cold season, Omicron-neutralizing capacity of released immunoglobulin lots had plateaued at high levels. From the second to the third cold season, COVID-19 cases dropped markedly. While a ~6-fold case reduction was recorded for the groups of non-agammaglobulinemia patients on IGRT and IEI patients not receiving IGRT, the decline was ~30-fold for the group of agammaglobulinemia patients on IGRT. These findings suggest a substantial COVID-19-protective effect of IGRT, at least for distinct groups of antibody-deficient patients.
Substances chimiques
Antibodies, Neutralizing
0
Antibodies, Viral
0
Immunoglobulins
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e29738Subventions
Organisme : Takeda Pharmaceuticals International
Informations de copyright
© 2024 Takeda Manufacturing Austria AG and The Authors. Journal of Medical Virology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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