Mapping geographical inequalities of incomplete immunization in Ethiopia: a spatial with multilevel analysis.
Ethiopia
children
geographical inequalities
incomplete immunization
spatial analysis
Journal
Frontiers in public health
ISSN: 2296-2565
Titre abrégé: Front Public Health
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101616579
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2024
2024
Historique:
received:
21
11
2023
accepted:
20
05
2024
medline:
24
6
2024
pubmed:
24
6
2024
entrez:
24
6
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Immunization is one of the most cost-effective interventions, averting 3.5-5 million deaths every year worldwide. However, incomplete immunization remains a major public health concern, particularly in Ethiopia. The objective of this study is to investigate the geographical inequalities and determinants of incomplete immunization in Ethiopia. A secondary analysis of the mini-Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey (EDHS 2019) was performed, utilizing a weighted sample of 3,865 children aged 12-23 months. A spatial auto-correlation (Global Moran's I) statistic was computed using ArcGIS version 10.7.1 to assess the geographical distribution of incomplete immunization. Hot-spot (areas with a high proportion of incomplete immunization), and cold spot areas were identified through Getis-Ord Gi Overall, in Ethiopia, more than half (54%, 95% CI: 48-58%) of children aged 12-23 months were not fully immunized. The spatial analysis revealed that the distribution of incomplete immunization was highly clustered in certain areas of Ethiopia (Z-score value = 8.379419, In Ethiopia, incomplete immunization is not randomly distributed. Various factors at both individual and community levels significantly influence childhood immunization status in the country. It is crucial to reduce disparities in socio-demographic status through enhanced collaboration across multiple sectors and by bolstering the utilization of maternal health care services. This requires concerted efforts from stakeholders.
Sections du résumé
Background
UNASSIGNED
Immunization is one of the most cost-effective interventions, averting 3.5-5 million deaths every year worldwide. However, incomplete immunization remains a major public health concern, particularly in Ethiopia. The objective of this study is to investigate the geographical inequalities and determinants of incomplete immunization in Ethiopia.
Methods
UNASSIGNED
A secondary analysis of the mini-Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey (EDHS 2019) was performed, utilizing a weighted sample of 3,865 children aged 12-23 months. A spatial auto-correlation (Global Moran's I) statistic was computed using ArcGIS version 10.7.1 to assess the geographical distribution of incomplete immunization. Hot-spot (areas with a high proportion of incomplete immunization), and cold spot areas were identified through Getis-Ord Gi
Results
UNASSIGNED
Overall, in Ethiopia, more than half (54%, 95% CI: 48-58%) of children aged 12-23 months were not fully immunized. The spatial analysis revealed that the distribution of incomplete immunization was highly clustered in certain areas of Ethiopia (Z-score value = 8.379419,
Conclusion and recommendation
UNASSIGNED
In Ethiopia, incomplete immunization is not randomly distributed. Various factors at both individual and community levels significantly influence childhood immunization status in the country. It is crucial to reduce disparities in socio-demographic status through enhanced collaboration across multiple sectors and by bolstering the utilization of maternal health care services. This requires concerted efforts from stakeholders.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38912271
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1339539
pmc: PMC11193363
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1339539Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2024 Bantie, Atnafu Gebeyehu, Adella, Ambaw Kassie, Mengstie, Abebe, Abdu Seid, Gesese, Tegegne, Zemene, Anley, Dessie, Fenta Feleke, Dejenie, Chanie, Kebede, Bayih, Moges and Kebede.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.