Genome-wide Polygenic Risk Scores Predict Risk of Glioma and Molecular Subtypes.

Polygenic risk score (PRS) genetic susceptibility glioma prediction risk

Journal

Neuro-oncology
ISSN: 1523-5866
Titre abrégé: Neuro Oncol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100887420

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
25 Jun 2024
Historique:
received: 10 01 2024
medline: 25 6 2024
pubmed: 25 6 2024
entrez: 25 6 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Polygenic risk scores (PRS) aggregate the contribution of many risk variants to provide a personalized genetic susceptibility profile. Since sample sizes of glioma genome-wide association studies (GWAS) remain modest, there is a need to efficiently capture genetic risk using available data. We applied a method based on continuous shrinkage priors (PRS-CS) to model the joint effects of over 1 million common variants on disease risk and compared this to an approach (PRS-CT) that only selects a limited set of independent variants that reach genome-wide significance (P<5×10-8). PRS models were trained using GWAS stratified by histological (10,346 cases, 14,687 controls) and molecular subtype (2,632 cases, 2,445 controls), and validated in two independent cohorts. PRS-CS was generally more predictive than PRS-CT with a median increase in explained variance (R2) of 24% (interquartile range=11-30%) across glioma subtypes. Improvements were pronounced for glioblastoma (GBM), with PRS-CS yielding larger odds ratios (OR) per standard deviation (OR=1.93, P=2.0×10-54 vs. OR=1.83, P=9.4×10-50) and higher explained variance (R2=2.82% vs. R2=2.56%). Individuals in the 80th percentile of the PRS-CS distribution had significantly higher risk of GBM (0.107%) at age 60 compared to those with average PRS (0.046%, P=2.4×10-12). Lifetime absolute risk reached 1.18% for glioma and 0.76% for IDH wildtype tumors for individuals in the 95th PRS percentile. PRS-CS augmented the classification of IDH mutation status in cases when added to demographic factors (AUC=0.839 vs. AUC=0.895, PΔAUC=6.8×10-9). Genome-wide PRS has potential to enhance the detection of high-risk individuals and help distinguish between prognostic glioma subtypes.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Polygenic risk scores (PRS) aggregate the contribution of many risk variants to provide a personalized genetic susceptibility profile. Since sample sizes of glioma genome-wide association studies (GWAS) remain modest, there is a need to efficiently capture genetic risk using available data.
METHODS METHODS
We applied a method based on continuous shrinkage priors (PRS-CS) to model the joint effects of over 1 million common variants on disease risk and compared this to an approach (PRS-CT) that only selects a limited set of independent variants that reach genome-wide significance (P<5×10-8). PRS models were trained using GWAS stratified by histological (10,346 cases, 14,687 controls) and molecular subtype (2,632 cases, 2,445 controls), and validated in two independent cohorts.
RESULTS RESULTS
PRS-CS was generally more predictive than PRS-CT with a median increase in explained variance (R2) of 24% (interquartile range=11-30%) across glioma subtypes. Improvements were pronounced for glioblastoma (GBM), with PRS-CS yielding larger odds ratios (OR) per standard deviation (OR=1.93, P=2.0×10-54 vs. OR=1.83, P=9.4×10-50) and higher explained variance (R2=2.82% vs. R2=2.56%). Individuals in the 80th percentile of the PRS-CS distribution had significantly higher risk of GBM (0.107%) at age 60 compared to those with average PRS (0.046%, P=2.4×10-12). Lifetime absolute risk reached 1.18% for glioma and 0.76% for IDH wildtype tumors for individuals in the 95th PRS percentile. PRS-CS augmented the classification of IDH mutation status in cases when added to demographic factors (AUC=0.839 vs. AUC=0.895, PΔAUC=6.8×10-9).
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Genome-wide PRS has potential to enhance the detection of high-risk individuals and help distinguish between prognostic glioma subtypes.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38916140
pii: 7698216
doi: 10.1093/neuonc/noae112
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.

Auteurs

Taishi Nakase (T)

Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.

Geno A Guerra (GA)

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Quinn T Ostrom (QT)

Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.

Tian Ge (T)

Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Center for Precision Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Beatrice S Melin (BS)

Department of Diagnostics and Intervention, Oncology Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

Margaret Wrensch (M)

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

John K Wiencke (JK)

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Robert B Jenkins (RB)

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Jeanette E Eckel-Passow (JE)

Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Melissa L Bondy (ML)

Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.

Stephen S Francis (SS)

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Linda Kachuri (L)

Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.

Classifications MeSH