Extracellular vesicles from type-2 macrophages increase the survival of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells ex vivo.


Journal

Cancer gene therapy
ISSN: 1476-5500
Titre abrégé: Cancer Gene Ther
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9432230

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
25 Jun 2024
Historique:
received: 17 11 2023
accepted: 17 06 2024
revised: 11 06 2024
medline: 26 6 2024
pubmed: 26 6 2024
entrez: 25 6 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

The resistance of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) B-cells to cell death is mainly attributed to interactions within their microenvironment, where they interact with various types of cells. Within this microenvironment, CLL-B-cells produce and bind cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular vesicles (EVs). In the present study, EVs purified from nurse-like cells and M2-polarized THP1 cell (M2-THP1) cultures were added to CLL-B-cells cultures. EVs were rapidly internalized by B-cells, leading to a decrease in apoptosis (P = 0.0162 and 0.0469, respectively) and an increased proliferation (P = 0.0335 and 0.0109). Additionally, they induced an increase in the resistance of CLL-B-cells to Ibrutinib, the Bruton kinase inhibitor in vitro (P = 0.0344). A transcriptomic analysis showed an increase in the expression of anti-apoptotic gene BCL-2 (P = 0.0286) but not MCL-1 and an increase in the expression of proliferation-inducing gene APRIL (P = 0.0286) following treatment with EVs. Meanwhile, an analysis of apoptotic protein markers revealed increased amounts of IGFBP-2 (P = 0.0338), CD40 (P = 0.0338), p53 (P = 0.0219) and BCL-2 (P = 0.0338). Finally, exploration of EVs protein content by mass spectrometry revealed they carry various proteins involved in known oncogenic pathways and the RNAseq analysis of CLL-B-cells treated or not with NLCs EVs show various differentially expressed genes.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38918490
doi: 10.1038/s41417-024-00802-7
pii: 10.1038/s41417-024-00802-7
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

© 2024. The Author(s).

Références

Hallek M, Al‐Sawaf O. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 2022 update on diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Am J Hematol. 2021;96:1679–705.
pubmed: 34625994 doi: 10.1002/ajh.26367
Haselager MV, Kater AP, Eldering E. Proliferative signals in chronic lymphocytic leukemia; what are we missing? Front Oncol. 2020;10:592205.
pubmed: 33134182 pmcid: 7578574 doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.592205
ten Hacken E, Burger JA. Microenvironment dependency in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: the basis for new targeted therapies. Pharm Ther. 2014;144:338–48.
doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.07.003
Munk Pedersen I, Reed J. Microenvironmental interactions and survival of CLL B-cells. Leuk Lymphoma. 2004;45:2365–72.
pubmed: 15621749 doi: 10.1080/10428190412331272703
Zaaboub R, Vimeux L, Contremoulins V, Cymbalista F, Lévy V, Donnadieu E, et al. Nurselike cells sequester B cells in disorganized lymph nodes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia via alternative production of CCL21. Blood Adv. 2022;6:4691–704.
pubmed: 35679464 pmcid: 9631672 doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006169
Abbaci A, Talbot H, Saada S, Gachard N, Abraham J, Jaccard A, et al. Neurotensin receptor type 2 protects B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells from apoptosis. Oncogene. 2018;37:756–67.
pubmed: 29059151 doi: 10.1038/onc.2017.365
Boissard F, Tosolini M, Ligat L, Quillet-Mary A, Lopez F, Fournié JJ, et al. Nurse-like cells promote CLL survival through LFA-3/CD2 interactions. Oncotarget. 2016;8:52225–36.
pubmed: 28881725 pmcid: 5581024 doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.13660
Ghamlouch H, Ouled-Haddou H, Damaj G, Royer B, Gubler B, Marolleau JP. A combination of cytokines rescues highly purified leukemic CLL B-cells from spontaneous apoptosis in vitro. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e60370.
pubmed: 23555960 pmcid: 3608602 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060370
Dubois K, Tannoury M, Bauvois B, Susin SA, Garnier D. Extracellular vesicles in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: tumor microenvironment messengers as a basis for new targeted therapies? Cancers. 2023;15:2307.
pubmed: 37190234 pmcid: 10137283 doi: 10.3390/cancers15082307
Colombo M, Raposo G, Théry C. Biogenesis, secretion, and intercellular interactions of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2014;30:255–89.
pubmed: 25288114 doi: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101512-122326
Crompot E, Van Damme M, Pieters K, Vermeersch M, Perez-Morga D, Mineur P, et al. Extracellular vesicles of bone marrow stromal cells rescue chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells from apoptosis, enhance their migration and induce gene expression modifications. Haematologica 2017;102:1594–604.
pubmed: 28596280 pmcid: 5685228 doi: 10.3324/haematol.2016.163337
Gargiulo E, Viry E, Morande PE, Largeot A, Gonder S, Xian F, et al. Extracellular vesicle secretion by leukemia cells in vivo promotes CLL progression by hampering antitumor T-cell responses. Blood Cancer Discov. 2023;4:54–77.
pubmed: 36108149 doi: 10.1158/2643-3230.BCD-22-0029
Ghosh AK, Secreto CR, Knox TR, Ding W, Mukhopadhyay D, Kay NE. Circulating microvesicles in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia can stimulate marrow stromal cells: implications for disease progression. Blood. 2010;115:1755–64.
pubmed: 20018914 pmcid: 2832808 doi: 10.1182/blood-2009-09-242719
Paggetti J, Haderk F, Seiffert M, Janji B, Distler U, Ammerlaan W, et al. Exosomes released by chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells induce the transition of stromal cells into cancer-associated fibroblasts. Blood. 2015;126:1106–17.
pubmed: 26100252 pmcid: 4560344 doi: 10.1182/blood-2014-12-618025
Smallwood DT, Apollonio B, Willimott S, Lezina L, Alharthi A, Ambrose AR, et al. Extracellular vesicles released by CD40/IL-4–stimulated CLL cells confer altered functional properties to CD4+ T cells. Blood. 2016;128:542–52.
pubmed: 27118451 doi: 10.1182/blood-2015-11-682377
Farahani M, Rubbi C, Liu L, Slupsky JR, Kalakonda N. CLL exosomes modulate the transcriptome and behaviour of recipient stromal cells and are selectively enriched in miR-202-3p. PLoS ONE. 2015;10:e0141429.
pubmed: 26509439 pmcid: 4625016 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141429
Hermansen JU, Tjønnfjord GE, Munthe LA, Taskén K, Skånland SS. Cryopreservation of primary B cells minimally influences their signaling responses. Sci Rep. 2018;8:17651.
pubmed: 30518828 pmcid: 6281576 doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-36121-9
Lanigan TM, Rasmussen SM, Weber DP, Athukorala KS, Campbell PL, Fox DA, et al. Real time visualization of cancer cell death, survival and proliferation using fluorochrome-transfected cells in an IncuCyte® imaging system. J Biol Methods. 2020;7:e133.
pubmed: 32577423 pmcid: 7300428 doi: 10.14440/jbm.2020.323
Gelles JD, Chipuk JE. Robust high-throughput kinetic analysis of apoptosis with real-time high-content live-cell imaging. Cell Death Dis. 2016;7:e2493.
pubmed: 27906190 pmcid: 5261025 doi: 10.1038/cddis.2016.332
Scheurlen KM, Snook DL, Gardner SA, Eichenberger MR, Galandiuk S. Macrophage differentiation and polarization into an M2-like phenotype using a human monocyte-like THP-1 leukemia cell line. J Vis Exp JoVE. 2021;174.
Genin M, Clement F, Fattaccioli A, Raes M, Michiels C. M1 and M2 macrophages derived from THP-1 cells differentially modulate the response of cancer cells to etoposide. BMC Cancer. 2015;15:577.
pubmed: 26253167 pmcid: 4545815 doi: 10.1186/s12885-015-1546-9
Giannoni P, Pietra G, Travaini G, Quarto R, Shyti G, Benelli R, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia nurse-like cells express hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-MET) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and display features of immunosuppressive type 2 skewed macrophages. Haematologica. 2014;99:1078–87.
pubmed: 24561793 pmcid: 4040912 doi: 10.3324/haematol.2013.091405
Meital LT, Coward AS, Windsor MT, Bailey TG, Kuballa A, Russell FD. A simple and effective method for the isolation and culture of human monocytes from small volumes of peripheral blood. J Immunol Methods. 2019;472:75–8.
pubmed: 31229469 doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2019.04.005
Lobb RJ, Becker M, Wen Wen S, Wong CSF, Wiegmans AP, Leimgruber A, et al. Optimized exosome isolation protocol for cell culture supernatant and human plasma. J Extracell Vesicles. 2015;4:27031.
pubmed: 26194179 doi: 10.3402/jev.v4.27031
Martin M. Cutadapt removes adapter sequences from high-throughput sequencing reads. EMBnet J 2011;17:10–2.
doi: 10.14806/ej.17.1.200
Dobin A, Davis CA, Schlesinger F, Drenkow J, Zaleski C, Jha S, et al. STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner. Bioinforma Oxf Engl. 2013;29:15–21.
doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts635
Liao Y, Smyth GK, Shi W. featureCounts: an efficient general purpose program for assigning sequence reads to genomic features. Bioinformatics. 2014;30:923–30.
pubmed: 24227677 doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btt656
Conesa A, Madrigal P, Tarazona S, Gomez-Cabrero D, Cervera A, McPherson A, et al. A survey of best practices for RNA-seq data analysis. Genome Biol. 2016;17:13.
pubmed: 26813401 pmcid: 4728800 doi: 10.1186/s13059-016-0881-8
Love MI, Huber W, Anders S. Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2. Genome Biol. 2014;15:550.
pubmed: 25516281 pmcid: 4302049 doi: 10.1186/s13059-014-0550-8
Oliveros, JC (2007-2015) Venny. An interactive tool for comparing lists with Venn’s diagrams. https://bioinfogp.cnb.csic.es/tools/venny/index.html .
Sherman BT, Hao M, Qiu J, Jiao X, Baseler MW, Lane HC, et al. DAVID: a web server for functional enrichment analysis and functional annotation of gene lists (2021 update). Nucleic Acids Res. 2022;50:W216–21.
pubmed: 35325185 pmcid: 9252805 doi: 10.1093/nar/gkac194
Burger JA, Tsukada N, Burger M, Zvaifler NJ, Dell’Aquila M, Kipps TJ. Blood-derived nurse-like cells protect chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells from spontaneous apoptosis through stromal cell-derived factor-1. Blood. 2000;96:2655–63.
pubmed: 11023495 doi: 10.1182/blood.V96.8.2655
Paskeh MDA, Entezari M, Mirzaei S, Zabolian A, Saleki H, Naghdi MJ, et al. Emerging role of exosomes in cancer progression and tumor microenvironment remodeling. J Hematol OncolJ Hematol Oncol. 2022;15:83.
doi: 10.1186/s13045-022-01305-4
Zhang Y, Liu Y, Liu H, Tang WH. Exosomes: biogenesis, biologic function and clinical potential. Cell Biosci. 2019;9:19.
pubmed: 30815248 pmcid: 6377728 doi: 10.1186/s13578-019-0282-2
Buggins AGS, Pepper CJ. The role of Bcl-2 family proteins in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Leuk Res. 2010;34:837–42.
pubmed: 20359747 doi: 10.1016/j.leukres.2010.03.011
Cordone I, Masi S, Mauro FR, Soddu S, Morsilli O, Valentini T, et al. p53 expression in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a marker of disease progression and poor prognosis. Blood. 1998;91:4342–9.
pubmed: 9596683 doi: 10.1182/blood.V91.11.4342
Keerthikumar S, Chisanga D, Ariyaratne D, Al Saffar H, Anand S, Zhao K, et al. ExoCarta: a web-based compendium of exosomal cargo. J Mol Biol. 2016;428:688–92.
pubmed: 26434508 doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2015.09.019
Dhodapkar MV, Dhodapkar KM. Immune modulation in hematologic malignancies. Semin Oncol. 2015;42:617–25.
pubmed: 26320065 pmcid: 4555986 doi: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2015.05.009
Salik B, Smyth MJ, Nakamura K. Targeting immune checkpoints in hematological malignancies. J Hematol OncolJ Hematol Oncol. 2020;13:111.
doi: 10.1186/s13045-020-00947-6
Grondona P, Bucher P, Schulze-Osthoff K, Hailfinger S, Schmitt A. NF-κB activation in lymphoid malignancies: genetics, signaling, and targeted therapy. Biomedicines. 2018;6:38.
pubmed: 29587428 pmcid: 6027339 doi: 10.3390/biomedicines6020038
Kwok M, Agathanggelou A, Davies N, Stankovic T. Targeting the p53 pathway in CLL: state of the art and future perspectives. Cancers. 2021;13:4681.
pubmed: 34572908 pmcid: 8468925 doi: 10.3390/cancers13184681
Aitken MJL, Lee HJ, Post SM. Emerging treatment options for patients with p53-pathway-deficient CLL. Ther Adv Hematol. 2019;10:2040620719891356.
pubmed: 31839919
Trino S, Lamorte D, Caivano A, De Luca L, Sgambato A, Laurenzana I. Clinical relevance of extracellular vesicles in hematological neoplasms: from liquid biopsy to cell biopsy. Leukemia. 2021;35:661–78.
pubmed: 33299143 doi: 10.1038/s41375-020-01104-1
Litwińska Z, Łuczkowska K, Machaliński B. Extracellular vesicles in hematological malignancies. Leuk Lymphoma. 2019;60:29–36.
pubmed: 29745272 doi: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1459606
Manček-Keber M, Lainšček D, Benčina M, Chen JG, Romih R, Hunter ZR, et al. Extracellular vesicle–mediated transfer of constitutively active MyD88L265P engages MyD88wt and activates signaling. Blood. 2018;131:1720–9.
pubmed: 29358175 doi: 10.1182/blood-2017-09-805499
Hinestrosa JP, Kurzrock R, Lewis JM, Schork NJ, Schroeder G, Kamat AM, et al. Early-stage multi-cancer detection using an extracellular vesicle protein-based blood test. Commun Med. 2022;2:1–9.
doi: 10.1038/s43856-022-00088-6
Ghaffari K, Moradi-Hasanabad A, Sobhani-Nasab A, Javaheri J, Ghasemi A Application of cell-derived exosomes in the hematological malignancies therapy. Front Pharmacol [Internet]. (2023) [cited 2023 Sep 29];14. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1263834 .
Kapoor I, Bodo J, Hill BT, Hsi ED, Almasan A. Targeting BCL-2 in B-cell malignancies and overcoming therapeutic resistance. Cell Death Dis. 2020;11:1–11.
doi: 10.1038/s41419-020-03144-y
Roberts AW, Davids MS, Pagel JM, Kahl BS, Puvvada SD, Gerecitano JF, et al. Targeting BCL2 with venetoclax in relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2016;374:311–22.
pubmed: 26639348 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1513257
Jain N, Keating M, Thompson P, Ferrajoli A, Burger J, Borthakur G, et al. Ibrutinib and venetoclax for first-line treatment of CLL. N Engl J Med. 2019;380:2095–103.
pubmed: 31141631 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1900574
Chen X, Zheng J, Zou Y, Song C, Hu X, Zhang CC. IGF binding protein 2 is a cell-autonomous factor supporting survival and migration of acute leukemia cells. J Hematol OncolJ Hematol Oncol. 2013;6:72.
doi: 10.1186/1756-8722-6-72
van Attekum MHA, van Bruggen JAC, Slinger E, Lebre MC, Reinen E, Kersting S, et al. CD40 signaling instructs chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells to attract monocytes via the CCR2 axis. Haematologica 2017;102:2069–76.
pubmed: 28971904 pmcid: 5709106 doi: 10.3324/haematol.2016.157206
Hostager BS, Bishop GA. CD40-mediated activation of the NF-κB2 pathway. Front Immunol. 2013;4:376.
pubmed: 24298274 pmcid: 3828524 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00376
Mansouri L, Papakonstantinou N, Ntoufa S, Stamatopoulos K, Rosenquist R. NF-κB activation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a point of convergence of external triggers and intrinsic lesions. Semin Cancer Biol. 2016;39:40–8.
pubmed: 27491692 doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.07.005
O’Donnell A, Pepper C, Mitchell S, Pepper A. NF-kB and the CLL microenvironment. Front Oncol. 2023;13:1169397.
pubmed: 37064123 pmcid: 10098180 doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1169397
Murali I, Kasar S, Naeem A, Tyekucheva S, Khalsa JK, Thrash EM, et al. Activation of the MAPK pathway mediates resistance to PI3K inhibitors in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 2021;138:44–56.
pubmed: 33684943 pmcid: 8493976 doi: 10.1182/blood.2020006765
Samuel J, Jayne S, Chen Y, Majid A, Wignall A, Wormull T, et al. Posttranscriptional Upregulation of p53 by Reactive Oxygen Species in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cancer Res. 2016;76:6311–9.
pubmed: 27634759 doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-0843
Expression of RGS1 in cancer - Summary - The Human Protein Atlas [Internet]. [cited 2023 Oct 17]. Available from: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000090104-RGS1/pathology .
Carreras J, Kikuti YY, Beà S, Miyaoka M, Hiraiwa S, Ikoma H, et al. Clinicopathological characteristics and genomic profile of primary sinonasal tract diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) reveals gain at 1q31 and RGS1 encoding protein; high RGS1 immunohistochemical expression associates with poor overall survival in DLBCL not otherwise specified (NOS). Histopathology. 2017;70:595–621.
pubmed: 27775850 doi: 10.1111/his.13106
Fernández‐Martínez JL, deAndrés‐Galiana EJ, Sonis ST. Genomic data integration in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Gene Med. 2017;19:e2936.
doi: 10.1002/jgm.2936
Bai Y, Hu M, Chen Z, Wei J, Du H. Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals RGS1 as a new marker and promoting factor for T-cell exhaustion in multiple cancers. Front Immunol. 2021;12:767070.
pubmed: 34956194 pmcid: 8692249 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.767070
Huang D, Chen X, Zeng X, Lao L, Li J, Xing Y, et al. Targeting regulator of G protein signaling 1 in tumor-specific T cells enhances their trafficking to breast cancer. Nat Immunol. 2021;22:865–79.
pubmed: 34140678 doi: 10.1038/s41590-021-00939-9
Kelleher DJ, Gilmore R. DAD1, the defender against apoptotic cell death, is a subunit of the mammalian oligosaccharyltransferase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1997;94:4994–9.
pubmed: 9144178 pmcid: 24619 doi: 10.1073/pnas.94.10.4994
Luo Y, Wu Y, Huang H, Yi N, Chen Y. Emerging role of BAD and DAD1 as potential targets and biomarkers in cancer. Oncol Lett. 2021;22:811.
pubmed: 34671425 pmcid: 8503815 doi: 10.3892/ol.2021.13072
Schnormeier AK, Pommerenke C, Kaufmann M, Drexler HG, Koeppel M. Genomic deregulation of PRMT5 supports growth and stress tolerance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Sci Rep. 2020;10:9775.
pubmed: 32555249 pmcid: 7299935 doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-66224-1
Légaré S, Cavallone L, Mamo A, Chabot C, Sirois I, Magliocco A, et al. The Estrogen Receptor Cofactor SPEN functions as a tumor suppressor and candidate biomarker of drug responsiveness in hormone-dependent breast cancers. Cancer Res. 2015;75:4351–63.
pubmed: 26297734 doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-14-3475
Hill HA, Qi X, Jain P, Nomie K, Wang Y, Zhou S, et al. Genetic mutations and features of mantle cell lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Blood Adv. 2020;4:2927–38.
pubmed: 32598477 pmcid: 7362354 doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019001350
Edelmann J, Holzmann K, Tausch E, Saunderson EA, Jebaraj BMC, Steinbrecher D, et al. Genomic alterations in high-risk chronic lymphocytic leukemia frequently affect cell cycle key regulators and NOTCH1-regulated transcription. Haematologica. 2020;105:1379–90.
pubmed: 31467127 pmcid: 7193490 doi: 10.3324/haematol.2019.217307
Zhang S, Cai Z, Li H AHNAKs roles in physiology and malignant tumors. Front Oncol [Internet]. (2023) [cited 2024 Feb 28];13. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2023.1258951 .
Cai Y, Hu Y, Yu F, Tong W, Wang S, Sheng S, et al. AHNAK suppresses ovarian cancer progression through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Aging. 2021;13:23579–87.
pubmed: 34689136 pmcid: 8580348 doi: 10.18632/aging.203473
Han Y, Yu G, Sarioglu H, Caballero-Martinez A, Schlott F, Ueffing M, et al. Proteomic investigation of the interactome of FMNL1 in hematopoietic cells unveils a role in calcium-dependent membrane plasticity. J Proteom. 2013;78:72–82.
doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.11.015
Liu Y, Chen H, Dong P, Xie G, Zhou Y, Ma Y, et al. KIF23 activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway through direct interaction with Amer1 in gastric cancer. Aging. 2020;12:8372–96.
pubmed: 32365332 pmcid: 7244035 doi: 10.18632/aging.103146
Chen YJ, Luo SN, Wu H, Zhang NP, Dong L, Liu TT, et al. IRF-2 inhibits cancer proliferation by promoting AMER-1 transcription in human gastric cancer. J Transl Med. 2022;20:68.
pubmed: 35115027 pmcid: 8812234 doi: 10.1186/s12967-022-03275-0
GENOTOUL – Un ensemble de ressources au service de la R&D [Internet]. [cited 2023 Nov 5]. Available from: https://www.genotoul.fr/ .

Auteurs

Léa Ikhlef (L)

University of Limoges, UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, Limoges, France.

Nina Ratti (N)

University of Limoges, UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, Limoges, France.

Stéphanie Durand (S)

University of Limoges, UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, Limoges, France.

Rémy Formento (R)

University of Limoges, UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, Limoges, France.

Héloïse Daverat (H)

University of Limoges, UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, Limoges, France.

Marie Boutaud (M)

University of Limoges, UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, Limoges, France.

Clément Guillou (C)

PISSARO Proteomics Platform, Mont-Saint-Aignan Campus, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.

Natalya Dmytruk (N)

Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital of Limoges, Limoges, France.

Nathalie Gachard (N)

Hematology laboratory, UMR CNRS7276/ INSERM 1262, University Hospital of Limoges, Limoges, France.

Pascal Cosette (P)

Polymers, Biopolymers, Surface Laboratory, UMR 6270 CNRS, Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.
HeRacLeS-PISSARO, INSERM US 51, CNRS UAR 2026, Normandie University, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.

Marie-Odile Jauberteau (MO)

University of Limoges, UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, Limoges, France.
Immunology laboratory, University Hospital of Limoges, Limoges, France.

Paul-François Gallet (PF)

University of Limoges, UMR INSERM 1308, CAPTuR, Limoges, France. francois.gallet@unilim.fr.

Classifications MeSH