Human-Centric Lighting Research and Policy in the Melanopsin Age.

Beyond visual function, specialized light-sensitive retinal circuits involving the photopigment melanopsin drive critical aspects of human physiology and behavior, including sleep-wake rhythms, hormone production, mood, and cognition. Fundamental discoveries of visual neurobiology dating back to the 1990s have given rise to strong interest from the lighting industry in optimizing lighting to benefit health. Consequently, evidence-based recommendations, regulations, and policies need to translate current knowledge of neurobiology into practice. Here, reviewing recent advances in understanding of NIF circuits in humans leads to proposed strategies to optimize electric lighting. Highlighted knowledge gaps must be addressed urgently, as well as the challenge of developing personalized, adaptive NIF lighting interventions accounting for complex individual differences in physiology, behavior, and environment. Finally, lighting equity issues appear in the context of marginalized groups, who have traditionally been underserved in research on both fundamental visual processes and applied lighting. Biologically optimal light is a fundamental environmental right.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of Conflicting Interests The author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: M.S. is the Chair of Joint Technical Committee (JTC) 20 (D6/D2): Wearable alpha-opic dosimetry and light logging methods, limitations, device calibration and data schemes within the CIE; a past member of JTC 9, which developed CIE S 026/E:2018; a member of the Daylight Academy; and a speaker of the Steering Committee.