Association between malnutrition and post-acute COVID-19 sequelae: A retrospective cohort study.
COVID‐19
long COVID
malnutrition
postacute COVID‐19 syndrome
Journal
JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition
ISSN: 1941-2444
Titre abrégé: JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7804134
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
25 Jun 2024
25 Jun 2024
Historique:
revised:
24
05
2024
received:
03
01
2024
accepted:
28
05
2024
medline:
26
6
2024
pubmed:
26
6
2024
entrez:
26
6
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Long coronavirus disease consists of health problems people experience after being infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). These can be severe and include respiratory, neurological, and gastrointestinal symptoms, with resulting detrimental impacts on quality of life. Although malnutrition has been shown to increase risk of severe disease and death during acute infection, less is known about its influence on post-acute COVID-19 outcomes. We addressed this critical gap in knowledge by evaluating malnutrition's impact on post-COVID-19 sequelae. This study leveraged the National COVID Cohort Collaborative to identify a cohort of patients who were at least 28 days post-acute COVID-19 infection. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models evaluated the impact of malnutrition on the following postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: (1) death, (2) long COVID diagnosis, (3) COVID-19 reinfection, and (4) other phenotypic abnormalities. A subgroup analysis evaluated these outcomes in a cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 with hospital-acquired (HAC) malnutrition. The final cohort included 4,372,722 individuals, 78,782 (1.8%) with a history of malnutrition. Individuals with malnutrition had a higher risk of death (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 2.10; 95% CI: 2.04-2.17) and SARS-CoV-2 reinfection (aHR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.43-1.61) in the postacute period than those without malnutrition. In the subgroup, those with HAC malnutrition had a higher risk of death and long COVID diagnosis. Nutrition screening for individuals with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection may be a crucial step in mitigating life-altering, negative postacute outcomes through early identification and intervention of patients with malnutrition.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Long coronavirus disease consists of health problems people experience after being infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). These can be severe and include respiratory, neurological, and gastrointestinal symptoms, with resulting detrimental impacts on quality of life. Although malnutrition has been shown to increase risk of severe disease and death during acute infection, less is known about its influence on post-acute COVID-19 outcomes. We addressed this critical gap in knowledge by evaluating malnutrition's impact on post-COVID-19 sequelae.
METHODS
METHODS
This study leveraged the National COVID Cohort Collaborative to identify a cohort of patients who were at least 28 days post-acute COVID-19 infection. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models evaluated the impact of malnutrition on the following postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: (1) death, (2) long COVID diagnosis, (3) COVID-19 reinfection, and (4) other phenotypic abnormalities. A subgroup analysis evaluated these outcomes in a cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 with hospital-acquired (HAC) malnutrition.
RESULTS
RESULTS
The final cohort included 4,372,722 individuals, 78,782 (1.8%) with a history of malnutrition. Individuals with malnutrition had a higher risk of death (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 2.10; 95% CI: 2.04-2.17) and SARS-CoV-2 reinfection (aHR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.43-1.61) in the postacute period than those without malnutrition. In the subgroup, those with HAC malnutrition had a higher risk of death and long COVID diagnosis.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
Nutrition screening for individuals with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection may be a crucial step in mitigating life-altering, negative postacute outcomes through early identification and intervention of patients with malnutrition.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : The project described was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences
ID : U54GM104942
Organisme : The project described was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences
ID : U54GM115458
Organisme : The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. Other support for this project was provided by the NIAAA
ID : R25AA020818
Organisme : The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. Other support for this project was provided by the NIAAA
ID : R24AA019661
Organisme : The Department of Veterans Affairs
ID : I01CX001714
Informations de copyright
© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.
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