The development of extremely large male genitalia under spatial limitation.
Carabus
Ohomopterus
aedeagus
constraint
exaggerated trait
Journal
Evolution & development
ISSN: 1525-142X
Titre abrégé: Evol Dev
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 100883432
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
26 Jun 2024
26 Jun 2024
Historique:
revised:
04
06
2024
received:
18
01
2024
accepted:
17
06
2024
medline:
27
6
2024
pubmed:
27
6
2024
entrez:
27
6
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Extensive research in evolutionary biology has focused on the exaggeration of sexual traits; however, the developmental basis of exaggerated sexual traits has only been determined in a few cases. The evolution of exaggerated sexual traits may involve the relaxation of constraints or developmental processes mitigating constraints. Ground beetles in the subgenus Ohomopterus (genus Carabus) have species-specific genitalia that show coevolutionary divergence between the sexes. Here, we examined the morphogenesis of the remarkably enlarged male and female genitalia of Carabus uenoi by X-ray microcomputed tomography. The morphogenetic processes generating the male and female genitalia at the pupal stage were qualitatively similar to those in closely related species with standard genital sizes. Higher growth rates contributed to the exaggeration of both the male and female genital parts of C. uenoi, possibly related to a gene network commonly upregulated in both sexes. Additionally, the length of the copulatory piece (CP), the enlarged male genital part stored in the aedeagus (AD), reached close to that of the AD at the later developmental stages and thereafter decelerated to grow in parallel with the AD, suggesting a structural constraint on the CP by the outer AD. Then, unlike related species, the lengths of the CP and AD increased at eclosion, suggesting a mechanism leading to further elongation of the male genitalia. These observations suggest that a developmental process allows continuous growth of the male genitalia even under the spatial limitation. These results revealed the spatio-temporal dynamics of the development of exaggerated genital structures under structural constraints.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e12488Subventions
Organisme : Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI
ID : 21H02566
Informations de copyright
© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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