Insights into degradation and targeting of the photoreceptor channelrhodopsin-1.
ARL11
CEP1
Calpain
Chlamydomonas
cilia
cysteine proteases
extracellular vesicles
photoreceptor endocytosis
phototaxis
phototropin
Journal
Plant, cell & environment
ISSN: 1365-3040
Titre abrégé: Plant Cell Environ
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9309004
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
27 Jun 2024
27 Jun 2024
Historique:
revised:
05
06
2024
received:
20
03
2024
accepted:
11
06
2024
medline:
27
6
2024
pubmed:
27
6
2024
entrez:
27
6
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
In Chlamydomonas, the directly light-gated, plasma membrane-localized cation channels channelrhodopsins ChR1 and ChR2 are the primary photoreceptors for phototaxis. Their targeting and abundance is essential for optimal movement responses. However, our knowledge how Chlamydomonas achieves this is still at its infancy. Here we show that ChR1 internalization occurs via light-stimulated endocytosis. Prior or during endocytosis ChR1 is modified and forms high molecular mass complexes. These are the solely detectable ChR1 forms in extracellular vesicles and their abundance therein dynamically changes upon illumination. The ChR1-containing extracellular vesicles are secreted via the plasma membrane and/or the ciliary base. In line with this, ciliogenesis mutants exhibit increased ChR1 degradation rates. Further, we establish involvement of the cysteine protease CEP1, a member of the papain-type C1A subfamily. ΔCEP1-knockout strains lack light-induced ChR1 degradation, whereas ChR2 degradation was unaffected. Low light stimulates CEP1 expression, which is regulated via phototropin, a SPA1 E3 ubiquitin ligase and cyclic AMP. Further, mutant and inhibitor analyses revealed involvement of the small GTPase ARL11 and SUMOylation in ChR1 targeting to the eyespot and cilia. Our study thus defines the degradation pathway of this central photoreceptor of Chlamydomonas and identifies novel elements involved in its homoeostasis and targeting.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
ID : 468480235
Organisme : Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
ID : 426566805
Organisme : Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
ID : 221545957
Informations de copyright
© 2024 The Author(s). Plant, Cell & Environment published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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