Myological and osteological approaches to gape and bite force reconstruction in Smilodon fatalis.
fascicle length
masticatory muscles
sabertooth
Journal
Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)
ISSN: 1932-8494
Titre abrégé: Anat Rec (Hoboken)
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101292775
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
28 Jun 2024
28 Jun 2024
Historique:
revised:
31
05
2024
received:
03
04
2024
accepted:
11
06
2024
medline:
29
6
2024
pubmed:
29
6
2024
entrez:
29
6
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Masticatory gape and bite force are important behavioral and ecological variables. While much has been written about the highly derived masticatory anatomy of Smilodon fatalis, there remains a great deal of debate about their masticatory behaviors. To that end, we establish osteological proxies for masticatory adductor fascicle length (FL) based on extant felids and apply these along with previously validated techniques to S. fatalis to provide estimates of fascicle lengths, maximum osteological gapes, and bite force. While the best correlated FL proxies in extant felids do not predict particularly long fascicles, these proxies may be of value for less morphologically distinct felids. A slightly less well correlated proxy predicts a temporalis FL 15% longer than that of Panthera tigris. While angular maximum bony gape is significantly larger in S. fatalis than it is in extant felids, linear gape at the canine tip and carnassial notch were not significantly different from those of extant felids. Finally, we produce anatomical bite force estimates of 1283.74 N at the canine and 4671.41 N at the carnassial, which are similar in magnitude to estimates not of the largest felids but of the much smaller P. onca, with S. fatalis producing slightly less force at the canines and more at the carnassials. These estimates align with previous predictions that S. fatalis may have killed large prey with canine shearing bites produced, in part, by force contributions of the postcranial muscles.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
© 2024 The Author(s). The Anatomical Record published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Association for Anatomy.
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