The effects of simulated monocular and binocular vision impairment on football penalty kick performance.
classification
football
minimum impairment criteria
para‐sport
soccer
visual impairment
Journal
European journal of sport science
ISSN: 1536-7290
Titre abrégé: Eur J Sport Sci
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 101146739
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jul 2024
Jul 2024
Historique:
revised:
26
03
2024
received:
03
01
2024
accepted:
16
05
2024
medline:
3
7
2024
pubmed:
3
7
2024
entrez:
3
7
2024
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Sports performance is relatively robust under high levels of binocular blur. However, the limited research studies investigating monocular impairments has shown it has a larger impact on sport performance. This research study is relevant for classification in sports for athletes with vision impairment (VI), where visual acuity (VA) from the better eye is used during classification. Across two experiments, we aimed to establish the point at which binocular and monocular impairments affected performance in a football penalty kick (PK) through simulating varying severities of degraded VA and contrast sensitivity (CS) in active football players. In experiment one, 25 footballers performed PKs as VA and CS were systematically decreased in both eyes, and in one condition, visual field (VF) was reduced. The most severe VA/CS condition and reduced VF significantly impacted outcome, ball velocity and placement (ball kicked closer to the centre of the goal) (p < 0.05). In experiment two, 29 different footballers performed PKs as VA and CS of only the dominant eye were systematically decreased and in one condition the dominant eye was occluded, and participants viewed their environment through the non-dominant eye (monocular viewing). No differences were observed when assessing monocular impairments influence on outcome, velocity and ball placement. PKs have a high resilience to VI, but binocular impairment has a more immediate effect, suggesting binocular measures should be used in classification processes in football.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
918-929Subventions
Organisme : International Paralympic Committee/International Blind Sports Federation
Informations de copyright
© 2024 The Author(s). European Journal of Sport Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH on behalf of European College of Sport Science.
Références
Allen, P. M., K. Latham, D. L. Mann, R. H. Ravensbergen, and J. Myint. 2016. “The Level of Vision Necessary for Competitive Performance in Rifle Shooting: Setting the Standards for Paralympic Shooting with Vision Impairment.” Frontiers in Psychology 7: 1731. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01731.
Allen, P. M., R. H. Ravensbergen, K. Latham, A. Rose, J. Myint, and D. L. Mann. 2018. “Contrast Sensitivity Is a Significant Predictor of Performance in Rifle Shooting for Athletes with Vision Impairment.” Frontiers in Psychology 9: 950. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00950.
Bailey, I. L., A. J. Jackson, H. Minto, R. B. Greer, and M. A. Chu. 2012. “The Berkeley Rudimentary Vision Test.” Optometry and Vision Science 89(9): 1257–1264. https://doi.org/10.1097/opx.0b013e318264e85a.
Bulson, R., and D. P. Ludlam. 2009. “Effect of Binocular vs. Monocular Viewing on Golf Putting Accuracy.” Journal of Behavioral Optometry 20(2): 31.
Bulson, R. C., K. J. Ciuffreda, J. Hayes, and D. P. Ludlam. 2015. “Effect of Retinal Defocus on Basketball Free Throw Shooting Performance.” Clinical and Experimental Optometry 98(4): 330–334. https://doi.org/10.1111/cxo.12267.
Bulson, R. C., K. J. Ciuffreda, and G. K. Hung. 2008. “The Effect of Retinal Defocus on Golf Putting.” Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 28(4): 334–344. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475‐1313.2008.00575.x.
Carter, J. V., J. Pan, S. N. Rai, and S. Galandiuk. 2016. “ROC‐ing along: Evaluation and Interpretation of Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves.” Surgery 159(6): 1638–1645. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2015.12.029.
Goodman‐Deane, J., S. Waller, A.‐C. Collins, and J. Clarkson. 2013. “Simulating Vision Loss: What Levels of Impairment are Actually Represented?” In Contemporary Ergonomics and Human Factors 2013: Proceedings of the International Conference on Ergonomics & Human Factors 2013, Cambridge, UK, 15‐18 April 2013, 347. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=ZdTKBQAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA347&dq=SIMULATING+VISION+LOSS:+WHAT+LEVELS+OF+IMPAIRMENT+ARE+ACTUALY+REPRESENTED%3F&ots=PgUd1PfzAf&sig=6Okei0tcF9Y6tGBZ91cYtXDhn8.
International Paralympic Committee. 2015. 2015 Athlete Classification Code. International Paralympic Committee. https://www.paralympic.org/classification‐code.
Krabben, K., D. L. Mann, A. van Helden, Y. Kalisvaart, D. Fortin‐Guichard, J. van der Kamp, and G. J. Savelsbergh. 2021. “Getting a Grip on the Resilience to Blur: The Impact of Simulated Vision Loss on a Visually Guided Combat Sports Interaction.” Psychology of Sport and Exercise 55: 101941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.101941.
Krabben, K., E. Mashkovskiy, H. J. C. (Rianne) Ravensbergen, and D. L. Mann. 2021. “May the Best‐Sighted Win? The Relationship between Visual Function and Performance in Para Judo.” Journal of Sports Sciences 39(sup1): 188–197. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2020.1851899.
Krabben, K., R. H. Ravensbergen, D. Orth, D. Fortin‐Guichard, G. J. Savelsbergh, and D. L. Mann. 2021. “Assessment of Visual Function and Performance in Paralympic Judo for Athletes with Vision Impairment.” Optometry and Vision Science 98(7): 854–863. https://doi.org/10.1097/opx.0000000000001735.
Lakens, D. 2022. “Sample Size Justification.” Collabra: Psychology 8(1): 33267. https://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.33267.
Li, J., C. S. Lam, M. Yu, R. F. Hess, L. Y. Chan, G. Maehara, G. C. Woo, and B. Thompson. 2010. “Quantifying Sensory Eye Dominance in the Normal Visual System: A New Technique and Insights into Variation across Traditional Tests.” Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 51(12): 6875–6881. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.10‐5549.
Mann, D. L., B. Abernethy, and D. Farrow. 2010. “The Resilience of Natural Interceptive Actions to Refractive Blur.” Human Movement Science 29(3): 386–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2010.02.007.
Mann, D. L., N. Y. Ho, N. J. De Souza, D. R. Watson, and S. J. Taylor. 2007. “Is Optimal Vision Required for the Successful Execution of an Interceptive Task?” Human Movement Science 26(3): 343–356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2006.12.003.
Mann, D. L., and H. J. C. Ravensbergen. 2018. “International Paralympic Committee (IPC) and International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) Joint Position Stand on the Sport‐Specific Classification of Athletes with Vision Impairment.” Sports Medicine 48(9): 2011–2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279‐018‐0949‐6.
McCoun, J., and L. Reeves. 2010. Binocular Vision Development, Depth Perception, and Disorders. Nova Science Publishers.
Millard, L., G. J. Breukelman, N. Mathe, I. Shaw, and B. S. Shaw. 2022. “A Review of the Essential Visual Skills Required for Soccer: Beyond 20–20 Optometry.” Frontiers in Sports and Active Living 4: 965195. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2022.965195.
Runswick, O., P. M. Allen, A. Rawlinson, B. T. Sharpe, C. Pocock, D. Naomi, P. Birch, R. Bruce, and D. L. Mann. 2023. The Effects of Simulated Vision Impairment on Performance in Football. Journal of Sports Sciences, 41(14): 1410‐1422. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2023.2273093
Runswick, O. R., R. H. Ravensbergen, P. M. Allen, and D. L. Mann. 2021. “Expert Opinion on Classification for Footballers with Vision Impairment: Towards Evidence‐Based Minimum Impairment Criteria.” Journal of Sports Sciences 39(sup1): 30–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2021.1881301.
Tedesqui, R. A., and T. Orlick. 2015. “Brazilian Elite Soccer Players: Exploring Attentional Focus in Performance Tasks and Soccer Positions.” The Sport Psychologist 29(1): 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2014‐0007.
The F.A. 2012. Small‐Sided Football. Laws of the Game. https://www.thefa.com/football‐rules‐governance/lawsandrules/laws/football‐5‐5/appendix‐a.
Timmis, M. A., M. Ferrandino, A. Morrison, P. M. Allen, and K. Latham. 2021. “How Is Jump Performance Affected in Male Athletes When Completed with a Visual Impairment?” Optometry and Vision Science 98(7): 846–853. https://doi.org/10.1097/opx.0000000000001720.
Timmis, M. A., K. Turner, and K. N. Van Paridon. 2014. “Visual Search Strategies of Soccer Players Executing a Power vs. Placement Penalty Kick.” PLoS One 9(12): e115179. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115179.
Vater, C., S. Luginbühl, and L. Magnaguagno. 2019. “Testing the Functionality of Peripheral Vision in a Mixed‐Methods Football Field Study.” Journal of Sports Sciences 37(24): 2789–2797. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2019.1664100.
Vater, C., A. M. Williams, and E.‐J. Hossner. 2020. “What Do We See Out of the Corner of Our Eye? The Role of Visual Pivots and Gaze Anchors in Sport.” International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology 13(1): 81–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2019.1582082.
Vera, J., R. Molina, D. Cárdenas, B. Redondo, and R. Jiménez. 2020. “Basketball Free‐Throws Performance Depends on the Integrity of Binocular Vision.” European Journal of Sport Science 20(3): 407–414. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2019.1632385.
Williams, A. M., C. M. Janelle, and K. Davids. 2004. “Constraints on the Search for Visual Information in Sport.” International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 2(3): 301–318. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2004.9671747.
Wood, G., and M. R. Wilson. 2010. “Gaze Behaviour and Shooting Strategies in Football Penalty Kicks: Implications of a “Keeper‐Dependent” Approach.” International Journal of Sport Psychology 41(3): 293.
Zhang, Z. 2016. “Variable Selection with Stepwise and Best Subset Approaches.” Annals of Translational Medicine 4(7): Article 7. https://doi.org/10.21037/atm.2016.03.35.
Zwierko, T., B. Redondo, W. Jedziniak, R. Molina, R. Jiménez, and J. Vera. 2024. “Gaze Behaviour during Multiple Object Tracking Is Dependent on Binocular Vision Integrity.” Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 44(1): 23–31. https://doi.org/10.1111/opo.13225.