Concepts for the development of person-centred, digitally-enabled, Artificial Intelligence-assisted ARIA care pathways (ARIA 2024).

ARIA artificial intelligence asthma evidence-based medicine mHealth person-centred care rhinitis

Journal

The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice
ISSN: 2213-2201
Titre abrégé: J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101597220

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
04 Jul 2024
Historique:
received: 16 04 2024
revised: 16 06 2024
accepted: 25 06 2024
medline: 7 7 2024
pubmed: 7 7 2024
entrez: 6 7 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

The traditional healthcare model is focused on diseases (medicine and natural science) and does not acknowledge patients' resources and abilities to be experts in their own life based on their lived experiences. Improving healthcare safety, quality and coordination, as well as quality of life, are important aims in the care of patients with chronic conditions. Person-centred care needs to ensure that people's values and preferences guide clinical decisions. This paper reviews current knowledge to develop (i) digital care pathways for rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity and (ii) digitally-enabled person-centred care (1). It combines all relevant research evidence, including the so-called real-world evidence, with the ultimate goal to develop digitally-enabled, patient-centred care. The paper includes (i) Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), a two-decade journey, (ii) Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE), the evidence-based model of guidelines in airway diseases, (iii) mHealth impact on airway diseases, (iv) from guidelines to digital care pathways, (v) embedding Planetary Health, (vi) novel classification of rhinitis and asthma, (vi) embedding real-life data with population-based studies, (vii) the ARIA-EAACI strategy for the management of airway diseases using digital biomarkers, (viii) Artificial Intelligence, (ix) the development of digitally-enabled ARIA Person-Centred Care and (x) the political agenda. The ultimate goal is to propose ARIA 2024 guidelines centred around the patient in order to make them more applicable and sustainable.

Identifiants

pubmed: 38971567
pii: S2213-2198(24)00682-2
doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.06.040
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Auteurs

Jean Bousquet (J)

Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology, Berlin, Germany; ARIA, Montpellier, France. Electronic address: jean.bousquet@orange.fr.

Holger J Schünemann (HJ)

Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology, Berlin, Germany; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact & Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.

Bernardo Sousa-Pinto (B)

MEDCIDS - Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; CINTESIS@RISE- Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Torsten Zuberbier (T)

Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology, Berlin, Germany; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact & Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Alkis Togias (A)

Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, US.

Boleslaw Samolinski (B)

Department of Prevention of Environmental Hazards, Allergology and Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.

Anna Bedbrook (A)

ARIA, Montpellier, France.

Wienczyslawa Czarlewski (W)

ARIA, Montpellier, France; Medical Consulting Czarlewski, Levallois, France.

Martin Hofmann-Apitius (M)

Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Bonn, Germany.

Justyna Litynska (J)

Evidence Prime, Kracow, Poland; Gynecological and Obstetrician Polyclinic, District Hospital, Białystok, Poland.

Rafael J Vieira (RJ)

MEDCIDS - Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; CINTESIS@RISE- Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Josep M Anto (JM)

ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.

Joao A Fonseca (JA)

MEDCIDS - Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; CINTESIS@RISE- Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Jan Brozek (J)

Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact & Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Antonio Bognanni (A)

Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact & Department of Medicine, Evidence in Allergy group, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Luisa Brussino (L)

Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Mauriziano Hospital, Torino, Italy.

G Walter Canonica (GW)

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.

Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda (I)

Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador; Respiralab Research Group, Guayaquil, Guayas, Ecuador.

Alvaro A Cruz (AA)

Fundaçao ProAR, Federal University of Bahia and GARD/WHO Planning Group, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

Leticia de Las Vecillas (LL)

Department of Allergy, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain.

Mark Dykewicz (M)

Section of Allergy and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.

Bilun Gemicioglu (B)

Department of Pulmonary Diseases, and Institute of Pulmonology & Tuberculosis, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

Mattia Giovannini (M)

Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Allergy Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy.

Tari Haahtela (T)

Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Marc Jacobs (M)

Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Bonn, Germany.

Cristina Jacomelli (C)

'Respiriamo Insieme' association, Padova, Italy.

Ludger Klimek (L)

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Center for Rhinology and Allergology, Wiesbaden, Germany.

Violeta Kvedariene (V)

Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Chest Diseases and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.

Desiree E Larenas-Linnemann (DE)

Center of Excellence in Asthma and Allergy, Médica Sur Clinical Foundation and Hospital, México City, Mexico.

Gilles Louis (G)

Department of Public Health, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.

Olga Lourenço (O)

Faculty of Health Sciences and CICS - UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.

Lucas Leemann (L)

Department of Political Science, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switerland.

Mario Morais-Almeida (M)

Allergy Center, CUF Descobertas Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal.

Ana Luisa Neves (AL)

Global Digital Health Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK.

Kari C Nadeau (KC)

Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health and Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Inflammation, Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Artur Nowak (A)

Evidence Prime, Kracow, Poland; Gynecological and Obstetrician Polyclinic, District Hospital, Białystok, Poland.

Yuliia Palamarchuk (Y)

Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Helsinki, Finland.

Susanna Palkonen (S)

EFA European Federation of Allergy and Airways Diseases Patients' Associations, Brussels, Belgium.

Nikolaos G Papadopoulos (NG)

Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Elena Parmelli (E)

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.

Ana Margarida Pereira (AM)

MEDCIDS - Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; PaCeIT - Patient Centered Innovation and Technologies, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Allergy Unit, Instituto and Hospital CUF, Porto, Portugal.

Oliver Pfaar (O)

Section of Rhinology and Allergy, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.

Frederico S Regateiro (FS)

Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; UBIAir - Clinical & Experimental Lung Centre and CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.

Marine Savouré (M)

Université de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France.

Luis Taborda-Barata (L)

Department of Immunoallergology, Cova da Beira University Hospital Centre, Covilhã, Portugal; UBIAir - Clinical & Experimental Lung Centre and CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.

Sanna K Toppila-Salmi (SK)

Department of Allergy, Skin and Allergy Hospital, Inflammation Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Eastern Finland and the North Savo wellbeing services county, Kuopio, Finland.

Maria J Torres (MJ)

Allergy Unit, Málaga Regional University Hospital of Málaga, Malaga University, ARADyAL, Malaga, Spain.

Arunas Valiulis (A)

Clinic of Children's Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty of Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; Clinic of Asthma, Allergy, and Chronic Lung Diseases, Vilnius, Lithuania.

Maria Teresa Ventura (MT)

Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy; Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council (ISPA-CNR), Bari, Italy.

Sian Williams (S)

International Primary Care Respiratory Group IPCRG, Edinburgh, Scotland.

Juan J Yepes-Nuñez (JJ)

School of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, DC, Colombia; Pulmonology Service, Internal Medicine Section, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, University Hospital, Bogotá,DC, Colombia.

Arzu Yorgancioglu (A)

Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey.

Luo Zhang (L)

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital and Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China.

Jaron Zuberbier (J)

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Amir Hamzah Abdul Latiff (AH)

Allergy & Immunology Centre, Pantai Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Baharudin Abdullah (B)

Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Ioana Agache (I)

Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University, Brasov, Romania.

Mona Al-Ahmad (M)

Microbiology Department, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait.

Maryam Ali Al-Nesf (MA)

Adult Allergy and Immunology Division - Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.

Nada A Al Shaikh (NA)

Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery Department, Mouwasat Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

Rita Amaral (R)

MEDCIDS - Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; CINTESIS@RISE- Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Porto Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Paediatric Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Ignacio J Ansotegui (IJ)

Department of Allergy and Immunology, Hospital Quironsalud Bizkaia, Bilbao, Spain.

Julijana Asllani (J)

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine, Tirana, Albania.

Maria Cristina Balotro-Torres (MC)

Section of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, University of Santo Tomas Hospital, Manila, Philippines.

Karl-Christian Bergmann (KC)

Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology, Berlin, Germany.

Jonathan A Bernstein (JA)

Division of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.

Carsten Bindslev-Jensen (C)

Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Centre for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.

Michael S Blaiss (MS)

Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.

Cristina Bonaglia (C)

Institute "Bona Sforza", University for Linguistic Mediators, Bari, Italy.

Matteo Bonini (M)

Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurological, ENT and Thoracic Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy; National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, London, UK.

Isabelle Bossé (I)

Allergist, La Rochelle, France.

Fulvio Braido (F)

Respiratory Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.

Fernan Caballero-Fonseca (F)

Centro Medico Docente La Trinidad, Caracas, Venezuela.

Paulo Camargos (P)

Federal University of Minas Gerais, Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

Pedro Carreiro-Martins (P)

NOVA Medical School/Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Lisbon, Portugal; Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central / ULS São José, Lisbon, Portugal.

Thomas Casale (T)

Division of Allergy/Immunology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FLA, USA.

José-Antonio Castillo-Vizuete (JA)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Dexeus, Barcelona, Spain; The Group of Rhinitis, Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps, Area of Asthma, SEPAR, Barcelona, Spain.

Lorenzo Cecchi (L)

SOS Allergology and Clinical Immunology, USL Toscana Centro, Prato, Italy.

Maria do Ceu Teixeira (MDC)

Dr Agostinho Neto University hospital, Praia, Cabo Verde; Immunology, Cabo Verde University, Faculty of Medicine, Praia, Cabo Verde.

Yoon-Seok Chang (YS)

Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Republic of Korea.

Claudia Chaves Loureiro (CC)

Department of Pneumology, Coimbra University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, CIBB, Coimbra, Portugal.

George Christoff (G)

Sofia Medical University, Faculty of Public Health, Sofia, Bulgaria.

Giorgio Ciprandi (G)

Casa di Cura Villa Montallegro, Genova, Italy.

Ieva Cirule (I)

Latvian Association of Allergists, University Children Hospital, Riga, Latvia.

Jaime Correia-de-Sousa (J)

Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.

Elisio M Costa (EM)

CINTESIS@RISE, Biochemistry Lab, Faculty of Pharmacy and Competence Center on Active and Healthy Ageing, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Biljana Cvetkovski (B)

Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.

Govert de Vries (G)

Peercode BV, Geldermalsen, The Netherlands.

Stefano Del Giacco (S)

Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health and Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital "Duilio Casula", University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.

Philippe Devillier (P)

VIM Suresnes, UMR 0892, Pôle des Maladies des Voies Respiratoires, Hôpital Foch, Université Paris-Saclay, Suresnes, France.

Dejan Dokic (D)

University Clinic of Pulmology and Allergy, Medical Faculty Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.

Habib Douagui (H)

Service de Pneumo-Allergologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Béni-Messous, Algiers, Algeria.

Stephen R Durham (SR)

Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.

Maria Lourdes Enecilla (ML)

St Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines.

Alessandro Fiocchi (A)

Allergy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.

Wytske J Fokkens (WJ)

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Jean-François Fontaine (JF)

CHU de Reims, Service des Maladies Respiratoires et Allergiques, Reims, France.

Radoslaw Gawlik (R)

Department of Internal Diseases, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland.

Jose E Gereda (JE)

Clínica Ricardo Palma, Lima, Peru.

Sara Gil-Mata (S)

MEDCIDS - Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; CINTESIS@RISE- Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Antonio Fm Giuliano (AF)

Department of Internal Medicine 'A. Murri' and Unit of Geriatric Immunoallergology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy.

Maia Gotua (M)

Center of Allergy and Immunology, David Tvildiani Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia.

Brigita Gradauskiene (B)

Department of Immunology and Allergology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.

Maria Antonieta Guzman (MA)

Immunology and Allergy Division, Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Elham Hossny (E)

Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Martin Hrubiško (M)

Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Oncology Institute of St Elisabeth, Bratislava, Slovakia.

Tomohisa Iinuma (T)

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.

Carla Irani (C)

Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, St Joseph University, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon.

Zhanat Ispayeva (Z)

Kazakh National Medical University, Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Kazakhstan Association of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Almaty, Kazakhstan.

Juan Carlos Ivancevich (JC)

Servicio de Alergia e Immunologia, Clinica Santa Isabel, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Tuomas Jartti (T)

Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.

Miloš Jeseňák (M)

Department of Pulmonology and Phthisiology, Department of Pediatrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.

Kaja Julge (K)

Tartu University, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Children's Clinic, Tartu, Estonia.

Marek Jutel (M)

Department of Clinical Immunology, Wrocław Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland; ALL-MED Medical Research Institute, Wroclaw, Poland.

Igor Kaidashev (I)

Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, Ukraine.

Kazi S Bennoor (KS)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Nicolai Khaltaev (N)

Global NCD Platform, Geneva, Switzerland.

Bruce Kirenga (B)

Makerere University Lung Institute, Kampala, Uganda.

Helga Kraxner (H)

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.

Inger Kull (I)

Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Sach´s Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.

Marek Kulus (M)

Department of Pediatric Respiratory Diseases and Allergology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.

Piotr Kuna (P)

Division of Internal Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Barlicki University Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.

Maciej Kupczyk (M)

Division of Internal Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Barlicki University Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.

Andriy Kurchenko (A)

Department of Clinical and Laboratory Immunology, Allergology and Medical Genetics, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine.

Stefania La Grutta (S)

Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT)-National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy.

Stephen Lane (S)

Respiratory Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland; Respiratory Physician & Allergist, Professorial Respiratory Centre, Tallaght University Hospital & Peamount Healthcare, Dublin, Ireland.

Neven Miculinic (N)

Croatian Pulmonary Society, Zagreb, Croatia.

Sang Min Lee (SM)

Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.

Lan Le Thi Tuyet (L)

Asthma, COPD Outpatient Care Unit, University Medical Center, Hô-Chi-Minh City, Vietnam.

Battur Lkhagvaa (B)

Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulan Bator, Mongolia.

Renaud Louis (R)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium; GIGA I3 Research Group, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.

Bassam Mahboub (B)

Rashid Hospital, DUBAI health, Dubai, UAE; Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.

Mika Makela (M)

Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Michael Makris (M)

Allergy Unit "D Kalogeromitros", 2nd Department of Dermatology and Venereology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, Greece.

Marcus Maurer (M)

Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology, Berlin, Germany.

Eric Melén (E)

Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Sach´s Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.

Branislava Milenkovic (B)

Clinic for Pulmonary Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbian Association for Asthma and COPD, Belgrade, Serbia.

Yousser Mohammad (Y)

National Center for Research in Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Collaborating with WHO- EMRO Tishreen University School of Medicine, Latakia, Syria.; Al- Sham Private University, Damascus, Syria.

Marcin Moniuszko (M)

Department of Allergology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.

Stephen Montefort (S)

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, MSD, Malta.

Andre Moreira (A)

EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal; Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal; Basic and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Pablo Moreno (P)

Fundaler, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Joaquim Mullol (J)

Rhinology Unit & Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Clinical & Experimental Respiratory Immunoallergy, FRCB-IDIBAPS, CIBERES, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Rachel Nadif (R)

Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France; Inserm, Équipe d'Épidémiologie respiratoire intégrative, CESP, Villejuif, France.

Alla Nakonechna (A)

Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK; University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.

Cecilia Gretchen Navarro-Locsin (CG)

Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, St Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Division of Surgery, Philippine Children's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines.

Hugo E Neffen (HE)

Center of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Diseases, Santa Fe, Argentina.

Kristof Nekam (K)

Hungarian Allergy Association, Budapest, Hungary.

Marek Niedoszytko (M)

Department of Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdansk, Poland.

Elizabete Nunes (E)

Eduardo Mondlane University, Faculty of Medicine, Maputo, Mozambique.

Dieudonné Nyembue (D)

ENT Department, University Hospital of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.

Robyn O'Hehir (R)

Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Alfred Health and Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Markus Ollert (M)

Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.

Ken Ohta (K)

Japan Antituberculosis Association (JATA), Fukujuji Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Yoshitaka Okamoto (Y)

Chiba Rosai Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.

Kimihiro Okubo (K)

Deparment of Otolaryngology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.

Heidi Olze (H)

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Mahesh Anand Padukudru (MA)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, JSS Medical College, JSSAHER Mysuru, Karnataka, India.

Oscar Palomares (O)

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

Isabella Pali-Schöll (I)

Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine and Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Petr Panzner (P)

Department of Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University Prague, Czech Republic.

Kati Palosuo (K)

Department of Allergology, University of Helsinki and Hospital for Skin and Allergic Diseases, Helsinki, Finland.

Hae S Park (HS)

Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.

Giovanni Passalacqua (G)

Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.

Vincenzo Patella (V)

Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, "Santa Maria della Speranza" Hospital, Battipaglia, Salerno, Italy; Agency of Health ASL, Salerno, Italy; Postgraduate Programme in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.

Ruby Pawankar (R)

Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.

Benoît Pétré (B)

Department of Public Health, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.

Constantinos Pitsios (C)

Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.

Davor Plavec (D)

Prima Nova, Zagreb, Croatia; Medical Faculty, University JJ Strossmayer of Osijek, Osijek Croatia.

Todor A Popov (TA)

Clinic of Occupational Diseases, University Hospital Sveti Ivan Rilski, Sofia, Bulgaria.

Francesca Puggioni (F)

IRCCS Humanitas Research Center, Personalized medicine Asthma & Allergy, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.

Santiago Quirce (S)

Department of Allergy, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain.

Filip Raciborski (F)

Department of Prevention of Environmental Hazards, Allergology and Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.

Agné Ramonaité (A)

Department of Pulmonology and Allergology, Klaipeda National Hospital, Klaipeda, Lithuania; Vilnius University Medical Faculty, Vilnius, Lithuania.

Marysia Recto (M)

Division of Adult and Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, University of the Philippines- Philippines General Hospital, Manila, Philippines.

Susana Repka-Ramirez (S)

Department of Allergy, Clinics Hospital, National University, San Lorenzo, Paraguay.

Graham Roberts (G)

Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Isle of Wight, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.

Karla Robles-Velasco (K)

Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador; Respiralab Research Group, Guayaquil, Guayas, Ecuador.

Nicolas Roche (N)

Pneumologie, AP-HP Centre Université de Paris Cité, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France; UMR 1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; Inserm, Equipe d'Epidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, Villejuif, France.

Monica Rodriguez-Gonzalez (M)

Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Hospital Espanol de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.

Joel A Romualdez (JA)

Faculty of Medicine & Surgery, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.

Menachem Rottem (M)

Division of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel; Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.

Philip W Rouadi (PW)

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye and Ear University Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dar Al Shifa Hospital, Salmiya, Kuwait.

Marianella Salapatas (M)

ARIA, Athens, Greece.

Joaquin Sastre (J)

Allergy Service, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University of Madrid, CIBERES-ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.

Faradiba S Serpa (FS)

Asthma Reference Center - School of Medicine of Santa Casa de Misericórdia of Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.

Zineb Sayah (Z)

SMAIC Société Marocaine d'Allergologie et Immunologie Clinique, Rabat, Morocco.

Nicola Scichilone (N)

PROMISE Department, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.

Gianenrico Senna (G)

Asthma-Allergy Unit, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Juan Carlos Sisul (JC)

Clínica Sisul, Allergy & Asthma, Medical Director, CLINICA SISUL, FACAAI, SPAAI, Asuncion, Paraguay.

Dirceu Solé (D)

Division of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Manuel E Soto-Martinez (ME)

Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Nacional de Niños, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica.

Milan Sova (M)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Tuberculosis, University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.

Olga Sozinova (O)

Head of Laboratory of Atmospheric processes and Aerobiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.

Katarina Stevanovic (K)

Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology, Berlin, Germany.

Charlotte Suppli Ulrik (CS)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital-Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Anna Szylling (A)

Department of Prevention of Environmental Hazards, Allergology and Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.

Frances M Tan (FM)

Department of Pediatrics, Victor R Potenciano Medical Center, Mandaluyong, Philippines.

Pongsakorn Tantilipikorn (P)

Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Ana Todo-Bom (A)

Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal.

Vesna Tomic-Spiric (V)

Clinic of Allergology and Immunology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.

Vladyslav Tsaryk (V)

Department of Clinical and Laboratory Immunology, Allergology and Medical Genetics, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine.

Ioanna Tsiligianni (I)

International Primary Care Respiratory Group IPCRG, Aberdeen, Scotland; Health Planning Unit, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.

Marilyn Urrutia-Pereira (M)

FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF PAMPA, Uruguaiana, Brazil.

Marylin Valentin Rostan (MV)

Pediatrics, Allergy & Immunology, Latín American Society of Allergy, Asthma & immunology (SLAAi), Montevideo, Uruguay.

Mikhail Sofiev (M)

Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Helsinki, Finland.

Erkka Valovirta (E)

Department of Lung Diseases and Clinical Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.

Michiel Van Eerd (M)

Peercode BV, Geldermalsen, The Netherlands.

Eric Van Ganse (E)

Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE), INSERM U1290, Pneumologie et Medicine Respiratoire, Groupement Hospitalier Nord, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, France.

Tuula Vasankari (T)

FiLHA, Finnish Lung Health Association, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Clinical Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Clinical Allergology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.

Pakit Vichyanond (P)

Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand.

Giovanni Viegi (G)

Pulmonary Environmental Epidemiology Unit, CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy.

Dana Wallace (D)

Nova Southeastern University, College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA.

De Yun Wang (Y)

Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.

Susan Waserman (S)

Department of Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Gary Wong (G)

Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China.

Margitta Worm (M)

Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Allergy and Venerology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Osman M Yusuf (OM)

The Allergy and Asthma Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Fares Zaitoun (F)

Lebanese-American University, Clemenceau Medical Center DHCC, Dubai, UAE.

Mihaela Zidarn (M)

University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Golnik, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Classifications MeSH