Numerical analysis of blood flow in the abdominal aorta under simulated weightlessness and earth conditions.
Journal
Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
Titre abrégé: Sci Rep
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101563288
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 Jul 2024
10 Jul 2024
Historique:
received:
11
01
2024
accepted:
05
07
2024
medline:
11
7
2024
pubmed:
11
7
2024
entrez:
10
7
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Blood flow through the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries is a crucial area of research in hemodynamics and cardiovascular diseases. To get in to the problem, this study presents detailed analyses of blood flow through the abdominal aorta, together with left and right iliac arteries, under Earth gravity and weightless conditions, both at the rest stage, and during physical activity. The analysis were conducted using ANSYS Fluent software. The results indicate, that there is significantly less variation in blood flow velocity under weightless conditions, compared to measurement taken under Earth Gravity conditions. Study presents, that the maximum and minimum blood flow velocities decrease and increase, respectively, under weightless conditions. Our model for the left iliac artery revealed higher blood flow velocities during the peak of the systolic phase (systole) and lower velocities during the early diastolic phase (diastole). Furthermore, we analyzed the shear stress of the vessel wall and the mean shear stress over time. Additionally, the distribution of oscillatory shear rate, commonly used in hemodynamic analyses, was examined to assess the effects of blood flow on the blood vessels. Countermeasures to mitigate the negative effects of weightlessness on astronauts health are discussed, including exercises performed on the equipment aboard the space station. These exercises aim to maintain optimal blood flow, prevent the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38987416
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-66961-7
pii: 10.1038/s41598-024-66961-7
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
15978Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
Références
LeBlanc, A. D. Bone mineral and lean tissue loss after long duration space flight. J. Musculoskelet. Neuronal Interact. 1, 157–160 (2000).
pubmed: 15758512
Smith, S. M. Bone metabolism and renal stone risk during International Space Station missions. Bone 81, 712–720 (2014).
doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.10.002
Reschke, M. F. & Clément, G. Vestibular and sensorimotor dysfunction during space flight. Curr. Pathobiol. Rep 6, 177–183 (2018).
doi: 10.1007/s40139-018-0173-y
Convertino, V. A. Cardiovascular consequences of bed rest: Effect on maximal oxygen uptake. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 29, 191–196 (1997).
pubmed: 9044222
doi: 10.1097/00005768-199702000-00005
Hughson, R. L. Recent findings in cardiovascular physiology with space travel. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. 169, S38–S41 (2009).
pubmed: 19635590
doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2009.07.017
Strock, N., Rivas, E. & Marshall-Goebel, K. Aerospace Conference, The Effects of Space Flight and Microgravity Exposure on Female Astronaut Health and Performance. https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO55745.2023.10115765 (IEEE, 2023).
Bharindwal, S., Goswami, N., Jha, P., Pandey, S. & Jobby, R. Prospective use of probiotics to maintain astronaut health during spaceflight. Life 13, 727 (2023).
pubmed: 36983881
pmcid: 10058446
doi: 10.3390/life13030727
Zheng, M. et al. Time-resolved molecular measurements reveal changes in astronauts during spaceflight. Front. Physiol. 14, 1219221 (2023).
pubmed: 37520819
pmcid: 10376710
doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1219221
Kandarpa, K., Schneider, V. & Ganapathy, K. Human health during space travel: An overview. Neurol. India 6, 176 (2019).
Marazziti, D., Arone, A., Ivaldi, T., Kuts, K. & Loganovsky, K. Space missions: Psychological and psychopathological issues. CNS Spectr. 27, 536–540 (2021).
pubmed: 34027847
doi: 10.1017/S1092852921000535
Moore, S. T. et al. Long-duration spaceflight adversely affects post-landing operator proficiency. Sci. Rep. 9, 2677. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-39058-9 (2019).
doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-39058-9
pubmed: 30804413
pmcid: 6389907
Scott, J. M. et al. Leveraging spaceflight to advance cardiovascular research on earth. npj Microgravity 9, 942–957 (2023).
English, K. L. et al. High intensity training during spaceflight: Results from the NASA Sprint Study. npj Microgravity 6, 21 (2020).
pubmed: 32864428
pmcid: 7434884
doi: 10.1038/s41526-020-00111-x
Barratt, M. R., Baker, E. S. & Pool, S. L. Principles of Clinical Medicine for Space Flight (Springer, 2019).
doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9889-0
Amonette, W. E., Bentleya, J. M., Lee, S. M. C. & Loehra, J. A. Ground reaction Force and Mechanical Differences Between the Interim Resistive Exercise Device (IRED) and Smith Machine (NASA JSC, 2004).
Sibonga, J. et al. Resistive exercise in astronauts on prolonged spaceflights provides partial protection against spaceflight-induced bone loss. Bone 128, 112037 (2019).
pubmed: 31400472
doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.07.013
Moosavi, D. The effects of spaceflight microgravity on the musculoskeletal system of humans and animals, with an emphasis on exercise as a countermeasure: A systematic scoping review. Physiol. Res. 70, 119–151 (2021).
pubmed: 33992043
pmcid: 8820585
doi: 10.33549/physiolres.934550
Scott, J. P., Weber, T. & Green, D. A. Introduction to the Frontiers research topic: Optimization of exercise countermeasures for human space flight–lessons from terrestrial physiology and operational considerations. Front. Physiol. 10, 419498 (2019).
doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00173
Greene, K. A., Tooze, J. A., Lenchik, L. & Weaver, A. A. Change in lumbar muscle size and composition on MRI with long-duration spaceflight. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 50, 816–824 (2022).
pubmed: 35459964
pmcid: 9167780
doi: 10.1007/s10439-022-02968-3
Fregly, C. D., Kim, B. T. & Fregly, B. J. Proceedings of the ASME, Summer Bioengineering. Conference (2013).
Dominoni, A. Living in Space by the Lens of Design. Design of Supporting Systems for Life in Outer Space: A Design Perspective on Space Missions Near Earth and Beyond Vol. 41 (Springer Nature, 2021).
doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-60942-9
Lee, S. M., Schneider, S. M. & Feiveson, A. H. Skeletal muscle mass and aerobic capacity, biomarkers of health, inflight functional task performance, and injury risk: Human health risks for space exploration. NASA Human Research Program Evidence Report, 3 (2015).
Ploutz-Snyder, L. L. et al. Exercise training mitigates multisystem deconditioning during bed rest. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 50, 1920–1928 (2018).
pubmed: 29924746
pmcid: 6647016
doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001618
McCrory, et al. Evaluation of a Treadmill with Vibration Isolation and Stabilization (TVIS) for use on the International Space Station. J. Appl. Biomech. 15, 292–302 (1999).
pubmed: 11541844
doi: 10.1123/jab.15.3.292
Genc, K. O. J. Foot forces during exercise on the International Space Station. J. Biomech. 43, 3020–3027 (2010).
pubmed: 20728086
doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.06.028
Blocker, A., Lostroscio, K. & Carey, S. L. Biomechanics of healthy subjects during exercise on a simulated vibration isolation and stabilization system. Life Sci. Space Res. 34, 16–20 (2022).
doi: 10.1016/j.lssr.2022.05.003
Thornton, W. & Bonato, F. The Human Body and Weightlessness. Operational Effects, Problems and Countermeasures (Springer Nature, 2017).
doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-32829-4
Lee, S. M. C., Scheuring, R. A., Guilliam, M. E. & Kerstman, E. L. In Principles of Clinical Medicine for Space Flight (eds Barratt, M. R. et al.) (Springer, 2019).
Seedhouse, E. Life Support Systems for Humans in Space 199–242 (Springer Nature, 2020).
Korolev, A. Running in Space. In the Running Athlete: A Comprehensive Overview of Running in Different Sports Vol. 271 (Springer, 2022).
Korth, D. W. Exercise countermeasure hardware evolution on ISS: The first decade. Aerosp. Med. Hum. Perform. 86, A7–A13 (2015).
pubmed: 26630190
doi: 10.3357/AMHP.EC02.2015
Blottner, D. & Salanova, M. The Neuromuscular System: From Earth to Space Life Science. Neuromuscular Cell Signalling in Disuse and Exercise (Springer, 2015).
doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-12298-4
Baran, R. et al. Microgravity-related changes in bone density and treatment options: A systematic review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 23, 8650 (2022).
pubmed: 35955775
pmcid: 9369243
doi: 10.3390/ijms23158650
Yao, J., Li, Z., Li, Y. & Fan, Y. Weightless Musculoskeletal Injury and Protection. In Biomechanics of Injury and Prevention (Springer Nature, 2022).
Fomina, G. A., Kotovskaya, A. R., Pochuev, V. I. & Zhernavkov, A. F. Mechanisms of changes in human hemodynamics under the conditions of microgravity and prognosis of postflight orthostatic stability. Hum. Physiol. 34, 343–347 (2008).
doi: 10.1134/S0362119708030122
Zhu, H., Wang, H. & Liu, Z. Effects of real and simulated weightlessness on the cardiac and peripheral vascular functions of humans: A review. Int. J. Occup. Med. Environ. Health 28, 793–802 (2015).
pubmed: 26224491
doi: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00301
Graebe, A., Schuck, E. L., Lensing, P., Putcha, L. & Derendorf, H. Physiological, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes in space. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 44, 837–853 (2004).
pubmed: 15286087
doi: 10.1177/0091270004267193
van Loon, L. M., Steins, A. K., Schulte, M. & Gruen, R. Tucker, Computational modeling of orthostatic intolerance for travel to Mars. npj Microgravity 8, 34 (2022).
pubmed: 35945233
pmcid: 9363491
doi: 10.1038/s41526-022-00219-2
Sayed, A. H. & Hargens, A. R. In Spaceflight and the Central Nervous System (Springer International Publishing, 2023).
Iwase, S., Nishimura, N., Tanaka, K. & Mano, T. Effects of microgravity on human physiology. In Beyond LEO-Human Health Issues for Deep Space Exploration (IntechOpen, 2020).
Norsk, P. Adaptation of the cardiovascular system to weightlessness: Surprises, paradoxes and implications for deep space missions. Acta Physiol. 228, e13434 (2020).
doi: 10.1111/apha.13434
Zeng, C., Lagier, D., Lee, J. W. & Vidal Melo, M. F. Perioperative pulmonary atelectasis: Part I. Biology and mechanisms. Anesthesiology 136, 181–205 (2022).
pubmed: 34499087
doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000003943
Limper, U. The thrombotic risk of spaceflight: Has a serious problem been overlooked for more than half of a century?. Eur. Heart J. 42, 97–100 (2021).
pubmed: 32428936
doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa359
Lan, M. Proposed mechanism for reduced jugular vein flow in microgravity. Physiol. Rep. 9, e14782 (2021).
pubmed: 33931957
pmcid: 8087922
doi: 10.14814/phy2.14782
Ercan, E. Effects of aerospace environments on the cardiovascular system. Anatol. J. Cardiol. 25, S3 (2021).
pmcid: 8412052
doi: 10.5152/AnatolJCardiol.2021.S103
Fu, Q. Impact of prolonged spaceflight on orthostatic tolerance during ambulation and blood pressure profiles in astronauts. Circulation 140, 729–738 (2019).
pubmed: 31319685
doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.041050
Romarowski, R. M., Lefieux, A., Morganti, S., Veneziani, A. & Auricchio, F. Patient-specific CFD modelling in the thoracic aorta with PC-MRI–based boundary conditions: A least-square three-element Windkessel approach. Int. J. Numer. Method Biomed. Eng. 34, e3134 (2018).
pubmed: 30062843
doi: 10.1002/cnm.3134
Armstrong, A. K., Zampi, J. D., Itu, L. M. & Benson, L. N. Use of 3D rotational angiography to perform computational fluid dynamics and virtual interventions in aortic coarctation. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. 95, 294–299 (2020).
pubmed: 31609061
doi: 10.1002/ccd.28507
Abazari, M. A., Rafieianzab, D., Soltani, M. & Alimohammadi, M. The effect of beta-blockers on hemodynamic parameters in patient-specific blood flow simulations of type-B aortic dissection: A virtual study. Sci. Rep. 11, 16058 (2021).
pubmed: 34362955
pmcid: 8346572
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-95315-w
Lubas, M. The visual research of changes in the geometry of a rivet joint for material model effect for simulation riveted joints made of EN AW 5251. ASSEM Tech. Technol. 118, 54–64 (2022).
Lubas, M. & Bednarz, A. Material model effect for simulating a single-lap joint with a blind rive. Materials 14, 7236 (2021).
pubmed: 34885391
pmcid: 8658137
doi: 10.3390/ma14237236
Żyłka, M., Żyłka, W. & Klukowski, K. Technical solutions enabling the physical training of astronauts during long-term stays at space stations. Adv. Sci. Technol. Res. J. 17, 36–45 (2023).
doi: 10.12913/22998624/167935
ANSYS Fluent Theory Guide 15.0 (2013).
Żyłka, M., Marszałek, N. & Żyłka, W. Numerical simulation of pneumatic throttle check valve using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Sci. Rep. 13, 2475 (2023).
pubmed: 36774441
pmcid: 9922043
doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-29457-4
Boutsianis, E. et al. Computational simulation of intracoronary flow based on real coronary geometry. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 26, 248–256 (2004).
pubmed: 15296879
doi: 10.1016/j.ejcts.2004.02.041
Varghese, S. S. & Frankel, S. H. Numerical modeling of pulsatile turbulent flow in stenotic vessels. J. Biomech. Eng. 125, 445–446 (2003).
pubmed: 12968569
doi: 10.1115/1.1589774
Ryval, J., Straatman, A. G. & Steinman, D. A. Two-equation turbulence modeling of pulsatile flow in a stenosed tube. J. Biomech. Eng. 126, 625–635 (2004).
pubmed: 15648815
doi: 10.1115/1.1798055
Banks, J. & Bressloff, N. W. Turbulence modeling in three-dimensional stenosed arterial bifurcations. J. Biomech. Eng. 129, 40–50 (2007).
pubmed: 17227097
doi: 10.1115/1.2401182
Al-Azawy, M. G., Turan, A. & Revell, A. Assessment of turbulence models for pulsatile flow inside a heart pump. Comput. Methods Biomech. Biomed. Eng. 19, 271–285 (2016).
doi: 10.1080/10255842.2015.1015527
Philip, N. T., Patnaik, B. S. V. & Sudhir, B. J. Fluid structure interaction study in model abdominal aortic aneurysms: Influence of shape and wall motion. Int. J. Numer. Methods Biomed. Eng. 37, e3426 (2021).
doi: 10.1002/cnm.3426
Bardina, J., Huang, P. & Coakley, T. Turbulence modeling validation. In 28th Fluid dynamics Conference (American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1997).
Alishahi, M., Alishahi, M. M. & Emdad, H. Numerical simulation of blood flow in a flexible stenosed abdominal real aorta. Sci. Iran 18, 1297 (2011).
doi: 10.1016/j.scient.2011.11.021
Wilcox, D. C. Comparison of two-equation turbulence models for boundary layers with pressure gradient. AIAA J. 31, 1414–1421 (1993).
doi: 10.2514/3.11790
Wilcox, D. C. Formulation of the k-w turbulence model revisited. AIAA J. 46, 2823–2838 (2008).
doi: 10.2514/1.36541
Olufsen, M. S. et al. Numerical simulation and experimental validation of blood flow in arteries with structured-tree outflow conditions. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 28, 1281–1299 (2000).
pubmed: 11212947
doi: 10.1114/1.1326031
Cheng, C. P., Herfkens, R. J. & Taylor, C. A. Comparison of abdominal aortic hemodynamics between men and women at rest and during lower limb exercise. J. Vasc. Surg. 37, 118–123 (2003).
pubmed: 12514587
doi: 10.1067/mva.2002.107
Gallo, C., Ridolfi, L. & Scarsoglio, S. Cardiovascular deconditioning during long-term spaceflight through multiscale modeling. npj Microgravity 6, 27 (2020).
pubmed: 33083524
pmcid: 7529778
doi: 10.1038/s41526-020-00117-5
Ku, D. N., Giddens, D. P., Zarins, C. K. & Glagov, S. Pulsatile flow and atherosclerosis in the human carotid bifurcation. Positive correlation between plaque location and low oscillating shear stress. Arteriosclerosis 5, 293–302 (1985).
pubmed: 3994585
doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.5.3.293
Zarins, C. K. et al. Carotid bifurcation atherosclerosis. Quantitative correlation of plaque localization with flow velocity profiles and wall shear stress. Circ. Res. 53, 502–514 (1983).
pubmed: 6627609
doi: 10.1161/01.RES.53.4.502
Peiffer, V., Sherwin, S. J. & Weinberg, P. D. Does low and oscillatory wall shear stress correlate spatially with early atherosclerosis? A systematic review. Cardiovasc. Res. 99, 242–250 (2013).
pubmed: 23459102
pmcid: 3695746
doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvt044
Coolen, B. F. et al. Vessel wall characterization using quantitative MRI: What’s in a number?. Magn. Reson. Mater. Phys. Biol. Med. 31, 201–222 (2018).
doi: 10.1007/s10334-017-0644-x
Bonert, M. et al. The relationship between wall shear stress distributions and intimal thickening in the human abdominal aorta. Biomed Eng. Online 2, 18 (2003).
pubmed: 14641919
pmcid: 317350
doi: 10.1186/1475-925X-2-18
Malek, A. M., Alper, S. L. & Izumo, S. Hemodynamic shear stress and its role in atherosclerosis. JAMA 282, 2035–2042 (1999).
pubmed: 10591386
doi: 10.1001/jama.282.21.2035
Kotmakova, A. A., Gataulin, Y. A., Yuhnev, A. D. & Zaytsev, D. K. The abdominal aorta bifurcation with iliac arteries: The wall elasticity effect on the flow structure. St. Petersbg. State Polytech. Univ J. Phys. Math. 13, 89 (2020).
Taylor, C. A., Hughes, T. J. & Zarins, C. K. Finite element modeling of three-dimensional pulsatile flow in the abdominal aorta: Relevance to atherosclerosis. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 26, 975–987 (1998).
pubmed: 9846936
doi: 10.1114/1.140
Caddy, H. T., Kelsey, L. J., Parker, L. P., Green, D. J. & Doyle, B. J. Modelling large scale artery haemodynamics from the heart to the eye in response to simulated microgravity. npj Microgravity 10, 7 (2024).
pubmed: 38218868
pmcid: 10787773
doi: 10.1038/s41526-024-00348-w
Sucosky, P., Kalaiarasan, V. V., Quasebarth, G. B., Strack, P. & Shara, J. A. Atherogenic potential of microgravity hemodynamics in the carotid bifurcation: A numerical investigation. npj Microgravity 8, 39 (2022).
pubmed: 36085153
pmcid: 9463447
doi: 10.1038/s41526-022-00223-6
Taylor, C. A., Hughes, T. J. & Zarins, C. K. Effect of exercise on hemodynamic conditions in the abdominal aorta. J. Vasc. Surg. 29, 1077 (1999).
pubmed: 10359942
doi: 10.1016/S0741-5214(99)70249-1
Alimohammadi, M., Pichardo-Almarza, C. O. & Díaz-Zuccarini, V. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 231, 378 (2017).
Vancini, R. et al. Brief review Virtual Reality and Physical Exercise as countermeasures of coping the space missions. Health Nexus 2, 30–40 (2024).
doi: 10.61838/kman.hn.2.2.4
Tomsia, M. et al. Long-term space missions’ effects on the human organism: What we do know and what requires further research. Front. Physiol. 15, 1284644 (2024).
pubmed: 38415007
pmcid: 10896920
doi: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1284644
Chen, Z., Zheng, Q., Tong, Z., Huang, X. & Yu, A. Numerical modelling of the interaction between dialysis catheter, vascular vessel and blood considering elastic structural deformation. Int. J. Numer. Method Biomed. Eng. 40, e3811 (2024).
pubmed: 38468441
doi: 10.1002/cnm.3811
Shabbir, F. et al. Simulation of transvascular transport of nanoparticles in tumor microenvironments for drug delivery applications. Sci. Rep. 14, 1764 (2024).
pubmed: 38242952
pmcid: 10798967
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-52292-0
Harris, J., Paul, A. & Ghosh, B. Numerical simulation of blood flow in aortoiliac bifurcation with increasing degree of stenosis. J. Appl. Fluid Mech. 16, 1601–1614 (2023).
Faraji, A., Sahebi, M. & SalavatiDezfouli, S. Numerical investigation of different viscosity models on pulsatile blood flow of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) in a patient-specific model. Comput. Methods Biomech. Biomed. Eng. 26, 986–998 (2023).
doi: 10.1080/10255842.2022.2102423
Laha, S., Fourtakas, G., Das, P. K. & Keshmiri, A. Smoothed particle hydrodynamics based FSI simulation of the native and mechanical heart valves in a patient-specific aortic model. Sci. Rep. 14, 6762 (2024).
pubmed: 38514703
pmcid: 10957961
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-57177-w