IgE-Mediated Cannabis Allergy and Cross-Reactivity Syndromes: A Roadmap for Correct Diagnosis and Management.

Allergy Basophil Cannabis Cannabis associated food syndrome (CAFS) Diagnosis IgE Mast cell

Journal

Current allergy and asthma reports
ISSN: 1534-6315
Titre abrégé: Curr Allergy Asthma Rep
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101096440

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
11 Jul 2024
Historique:
accepted: 18 06 2024
medline: 11 7 2024
pubmed: 11 7 2024
entrez: 11 7 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

With increased access and decriminalization of cannabis use, cases of IgE-dependent cannabis allergy (CA) and cross-reactivity syndromes have been increasingly reported. However, the exact prevalence of cannabis allergy and associated cross-reactive food syndromes (CAFS) remains unknown and is likely to be underestimated due to a lack of awareness and insufficient knowledge of the subject among health care professionals. Therefore, this practical roadmap aims to familiarize the reader with the early recognition and correct management of IgE-dependent cannabis-related allergies. In order to understand the mechanisms underlying these cross-reactivity syndromes and to enable personalized diagnosis and management, special attention is given to the molecular diagnosis of cannabis-related allergies. The predominant signs and symptoms of CA are rhinoconjunctivitis and contact urticaria/angioedema. However, CA can also present as a life-threatening condition. In addition, many patients with CA also have distinct cross-reactivity syndromes, mainly involving fruits, vegetables, nuts and cereals. At present, five allergenic components of Cannabis sativa (Can s); Can s 2 (profilin), Can s 3 (a non-specific lipid protein), Can s 4 (oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 2 oxygen), Can s 5 (the Bet v 1 homologue) and Can s 7 (thaumatin-like protein) have been characterized and indexed in the WHO International Union of Immunological Sciences (IUIS) allergen database. However, neither of them is currently readily available for diagnosis, which generally starts by testing crude extracts of native allergens. The road to a clear understanding of CA and the associated cross-reactive food syndromes (CAFS) is still long and winding, but well worth further exploration.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1007/s11882-024-01159-5 PMID: 38990404
pubmed: 38990404
doi: 10.1007/s11882-024-01159-5
pii: 10.1007/s11882-024-01159-5
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

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Auteurs

Didier G Ebo (DG)

Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Campus Drie Eiken T5.95 Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium. immuno@uantwerpen.be.
Department of Immunology and Allergology, AZ Jan Palfijn Gent, Ghent, Belgium. immuno@uantwerpen.be.
Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium. immuno@uantwerpen.be.

Alessandro Toscano (A)

Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Campus Drie Eiken T5.95 Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium.
Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.

Hans-Peter Rihs (HP)

PA-Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine, German Social Accident Insurance, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.

Christel Mertens (C)

Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Campus Drie Eiken T5.95 Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium.
Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.

Vito Sabato (V)

Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Campus Drie Eiken T5.95 Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium.
Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.

Jessy Elst (J)

Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Campus Drie Eiken T5.95 Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium.
Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.

Michiel Beyens (M)

Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Campus Drie Eiken T5.95 Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium.
Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.

Margo M Hagendorens (MM)

Department of Paediatrics and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Department of and Paediatrics, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.

Michel Van Houdt (M)

Department of Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Campus Drie Eiken T5.95 Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium.
Antwerp (Belgium) and Immunology, Allergology, Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.

Athina L Van Gasse (AL)

Department of Paediatrics and the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Department of and Paediatrics, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.

Classifications MeSH