Sex Differences Across Concussion Characteristics in US Service Academy Cadets: A CARE Consortium Study.
Journal
Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
ISSN: 1179-2035
Titre abrégé: Sports Med
Pays: New Zealand
ID NLM: 8412297
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 Jul 2024
12 Jul 2024
Historique:
accepted:
11
06
2024
medline:
12
7
2024
pubmed:
12
7
2024
entrez:
12
7
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
To describe sex differences in concussion characteristics in US Service Academy cadets. Descriptive epidemiology study. Four US service academies. 2209 cadets (n = 867 females, n = 1342 males). Sex. Injury proportion ratios (IPR) compared the proportion of injuries by sex (females referent) for injury situation, certainty of diagnosis, prolonged recovery, recurrent injuries, mental status alterations, loss of consciousness (LOC), posttraumatic amnesia (PTA), retrograde amnesia (RGA), motor impairments, delayed symptom presentation, and immediate reporting. Concussions from varsity/intercollegiate sports [IPR of 1.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.43-2.10] and intramurals (IPR of 1.53, 95% CI 1.02-2.32) accounted for a larger proportion in males, whereas concussions outside of sport and military activities accounted for a smaller proportion among males (IPR of 0.70, 95% CI 0.58-0.85). The proportion of concussions with prolonged recovery was lower among males (IPR of 0.69, 95% CI 0.60-0.78), while concussions with altered mental status (IPR of 1.23, 95% CI 1.09-1.38), LOC (IPR of 1.67, 95% CI 1.17-2.37), PTA (IPR of 1.94, 95% CI 1.43-2.62), and RGA (IPR of 2.14, 95% CI 1.38-3.31) accounted for a larger proportion among males. A larger proportion of concussions that were immediately reported was observed in males (IPR of 1.15, 95% CI 1.00-2.31). Proportions of other characteristics (e.g., recurrent injuries) were not different between sexes. A higher proportion of concussions occurred outside of sport and military training for female cadets, who also displayed proportionally longer recovery times than males, despite males demonstrating a higher proportion of LOC, PTA, and RGA. Possible factors may include different mechanisms of injury outside of sport and military training, different biopsychosocial states associated with sex or injury context, and delayed injury reporting when outside of an observed environment, possibly secondary to perceived stigma about reporting injuries.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38995598
doi: 10.1007/s40279-024-02068-3
pii: 10.1007/s40279-024-02068-3
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : National Collegiate Athletic Association
ID : W81XWH-14-2-0151
Organisme : Department of Defence, USA
ID : W81XWH-14-2-0151
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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