A software-based observational coding approach for evaluating paediatric dental pain, anxiety, and fear.
behavior
community paediatric dentistry
pain control
prevention
sedation
Journal
International journal of paediatric dentistry
ISSN: 1365-263X
Titre abrégé: Int J Paediatr Dent
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9107511
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 Jul 2024
12 Jul 2024
Historique:
revised:
08
04
2024
received:
23
08
2023
accepted:
04
06
2024
medline:
13
7
2024
pubmed:
13
7
2024
entrez:
13
7
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Dental practitioners desire non-pharmacological methods to alleviate anxiety, fear, and pain in children receiving dental care; high-quality evidence, however, is required to evaluate methods' efficacy. This study aimed to develop and validate an observation-based coding approach (paediatric dental pain, anxiety, and fear coding approach [PAFCA]) to evaluate non-pharmacological behavior management techniques for anxiety, fear, and pain. Objective (video-based) and subjective (self-reported) anxiety, fear, and pain data were collected from a pilot clinical trial evaluating animal-assisted therapy (AAT) in paediatric dentistry, in which 37 children aged 7-14 were assigned to AAT or control before dental treatment (restorations or extractions). A coding approach utilizing a codebook, a gold standard calibration video, and a user training guide was developed. Trained examiners coded the gold standard video for inter-rater agreement, and masked, calibrated examiners analyzed videos using the Noldus Observer XT software. A novel, software-based coding approach was developed, with moderately high inter-rater agreement. Using PAFCA, we found children reporting higher levels of pain, fear, and anxiety exhibited treatment-interfering behaviors, including crying/moaning, attempts to dislodge instruments, and more upper and lower body movements. PAFCA shows promise as a reliable tool for assessing anxiety, pain, and fear in behavioral research for paediatric dentistry.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Dental practitioners desire non-pharmacological methods to alleviate anxiety, fear, and pain in children receiving dental care; high-quality evidence, however, is required to evaluate methods' efficacy.
AIM
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to develop and validate an observation-based coding approach (paediatric dental pain, anxiety, and fear coding approach [PAFCA]) to evaluate non-pharmacological behavior management techniques for anxiety, fear, and pain.
DESIGN
METHODS
Objective (video-based) and subjective (self-reported) anxiety, fear, and pain data were collected from a pilot clinical trial evaluating animal-assisted therapy (AAT) in paediatric dentistry, in which 37 children aged 7-14 were assigned to AAT or control before dental treatment (restorations or extractions). A coding approach utilizing a codebook, a gold standard calibration video, and a user training guide was developed. Trained examiners coded the gold standard video for inter-rater agreement, and masked, calibrated examiners analyzed videos using the Noldus Observer XT software.
RESULTS
RESULTS
A novel, software-based coding approach was developed, with moderately high inter-rater agreement. Using PAFCA, we found children reporting higher levels of pain, fear, and anxiety exhibited treatment-interfering behaviors, including crying/moaning, attempts to dislodge instruments, and more upper and lower body movements.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
PAFCA shows promise as a reliable tool for assessing anxiety, pain, and fear in behavioral research for paediatric dentistry.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : American Association of Orthodontists Foundation
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : UL1TR002489
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDCR NIH HHS
ID : K08DE030235
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDCR NIH HHS
ID : R03DE032768
Pays : United States
Organisme : Southern Association of Orthodontists
Informations de copyright
© 2024 The Author(s). International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry published by BSPD, IAPD and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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