Low Prevalence of Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir Resistance-Associated Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Lineages From Botswana.

Botswana Paxlovid SARS-CoV-2 nirmatrelvir-ritonavir resistance mutations

Journal

Open forum infectious diseases
ISSN: 2328-8957
Titre abrégé: Open Forum Infect Dis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101637045

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Jul 2024
Historique:
received: 07 04 2024
accepted: 20 06 2024
medline: 17 7 2024
pubmed: 17 7 2024
entrez: 17 7 2024
Statut: epublish

Résumé

We evaluated naturally occurring nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (NTV/r) resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) among severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains from Botswana, a country with no NTV/r use to date, in order to recommend the usage of the agent for high-risk patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted a retrospective analysis using 5254 complete SARS-CoV-2 sequences from Botswana (September 2020-September 2023). We evaluated the mutational landscape of SARS-CoV-2 3-Chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) relative to the highlighted list of RAMs granted Food and Drug Administration Emergency Use Authorization in 2023. The sequenced 5254 samples included Beta variants of concerns (VOCs; n = 323), Delta VOCs (n = 1314), and Omicron VOCs (n = 3354). Overall, 77.8% of the sequences exhibited at least 1 polymorphism within 76/306 amino acid positions in the nsp5 gene. NTV/rRAMs were identified in 34/5254 (0.65%; 95% CI, 0.43%-0.87%) and occurred at 5 distinct positions. Among the NTV/r RAMS detected, A191V was the most prevalent (24/34; 70.6%). Notably, T21I mutation had a prevalence of 20.6% (7/34) and coexisted with either K90R (n = 3) polymorphism in Beta sequences with RAMs or P132H (n = 3) polymorphism for Omicron sequences with RAMs. Other NTV/r RAMs detected included P108S, with a prevalence of 5.88% (2/34), and L50F, with a prevalence of 2.94% (1/34). NTV/r RAMs were significantly higher ( The frequency of NTV/r RAMs in Botswana was low. Higher rates were observed in Delta VOCs compared to Omicron and Beta VOCs. As NTV/r use expands globally, continuous surveillance for drug-resistant variants is essential, given the RAMs identified in our study.

Sections du résumé

Background UNASSIGNED
We evaluated naturally occurring nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (NTV/r) resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) among severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains from Botswana, a country with no NTV/r use to date, in order to recommend the usage of the agent for high-risk patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods UNASSIGNED
We conducted a retrospective analysis using 5254 complete SARS-CoV-2 sequences from Botswana (September 2020-September 2023). We evaluated the mutational landscape of SARS-CoV-2 3-Chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) relative to the highlighted list of RAMs granted Food and Drug Administration Emergency Use Authorization in 2023.
Results UNASSIGNED
The sequenced 5254 samples included Beta variants of concerns (VOCs; n = 323), Delta VOCs (n = 1314), and Omicron VOCs (n = 3354). Overall, 77.8% of the sequences exhibited at least 1 polymorphism within 76/306 amino acid positions in the nsp5 gene. NTV/rRAMs were identified in 34/5254 (0.65%; 95% CI, 0.43%-0.87%) and occurred at 5 distinct positions. Among the NTV/r RAMS detected, A191V was the most prevalent (24/34; 70.6%). Notably, T21I mutation had a prevalence of 20.6% (7/34) and coexisted with either K90R (n = 3) polymorphism in Beta sequences with RAMs or P132H (n = 3) polymorphism for Omicron sequences with RAMs. Other NTV/r RAMs detected included P108S, with a prevalence of 5.88% (2/34), and L50F, with a prevalence of 2.94% (1/34). NTV/r RAMs were significantly higher (
Conclusions UNASSIGNED
The frequency of NTV/r RAMs in Botswana was low. Higher rates were observed in Delta VOCs compared to Omicron and Beta VOCs. As NTV/r use expands globally, continuous surveillance for drug-resistant variants is essential, given the RAMs identified in our study.

Identifiants

pubmed: 39015352
doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofae344
pii: ofae344
pmc: PMC11250512
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

ofae344

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Potential conflicts of interest. All authors: No reported conflicts.

Auteurs

Wonderful T Choga (WT)

Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.
School of Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.

Ontlametse T Bareng (OT)

Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.
School of Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.

Natasha O Moraka (NO)

Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.
School of Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.

Dorcas Maruapula (D)

Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.

Irene Gobe (I)

School of Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.

Nokuthula S Ndlovu (NS)

Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.
Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana.

Boitumelo J L Zuze (BJL)

Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.

Patience C Motshosi (PC)

Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.

Kedumetse B Seru (KB)

Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.

Teko Matsuru (T)

Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.

Matshwenyego Boitswarelo (M)

Department of Health Systems Management, Clinical Services, Ministry of Health Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.

Mogomotsi Matshaba (M)

Botswana-Baylor Children's Clinical Centre of Excellence, Gaborone, Botswana.
Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

Tendani Gaolathe (T)

Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.

Mosepele Mosepele (M)

Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.

Joseph Makhema (J)

Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.
Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Trevor J M Tamura (TJM)

Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Jonathan Z Li (JZ)

Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Roger Shapiro (R)

Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.
Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Shahin Lockman (S)

Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.
Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Simani Gaseitsiwe (S)

Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.
Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Sikhulile Moyo (S)

Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.
School of Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.
Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.

Classifications MeSH