The effects of childhood adversity on twenty-five disease biomarkers and twenty health conditions in adulthood: Differences by sex and stressor type.
Adverse childhood experiences
Disease risk
Early adversity
Health
Inflammation
Latent class analysis
Mechanisms
Stress
Journal
Brain, behavior, and immunity
ISSN: 1090-2139
Titre abrégé: Brain Behav Immun
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 8800478
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
16 Jul 2024
16 Jul 2024
Historique:
received:
26
03
2024
revised:
11
07
2024
accepted:
15
07
2024
medline:
19
7
2024
pubmed:
19
7
2024
entrez:
18
7
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Although early adversity is now recognized as a major public health concern, it remains unclear if the effects of early-life stressors on disease biology and health differ by sex or stressor type. Because childhood stressors often covary, examining whether such stressors typically occur together (e.g., cumulative adversity) or in distinct multivariate patterns is needed to determine if and how different life stressors uniquely affect disease biology and health. To investigate, we conducted latent class analyses (LCA) to identify clusters of adults experiencing multiple childhood stressors (N=2,111, M Optimal LCA models yielded three female (Low-, Moderate-, and High-Stress) and two male (Low- and High-Stress) stressor exposure classes. The High-Stress classes had greater inflammation (male: D=0.43; female: D=0.59) and poorer metabolic health (male: D=0.32-0.33; female: D=0.32-0.47). They also had more cardiovascular (male: HR=1.56 [1.17, 2.07]; female: HR=1.97 [1.50, 2.58]), cancer (male: HR=2.41 [1.52, 3.84]; female: HR=2.51 [1.45, 4.35]), metabolic (male: HR=1.54 [1.16, 2.03]; female: HR=2.01 [1.43, 2.83]), thyroid (male: HR=3.65 [1.87, 7.12]; female: HR=2.25 [1.36, 3.74]), arthritis (male: HR=1.81 [1.30, 2.54]; female: HR=1.97 [1.41, 2.74]), and mental/behavioral health problems (male: HR=2.62 [1.90, 3.62]; female; HR=3.67 [2.72, 4.94]). Moreover, stressors were related to these outcomes in a sex- and stressor-specific manner. Childhood adversity portends worse biological health and elevated risk for many major health problems in a sex- and stressor-specific manner. These findings advance stress theory and may help inform precision interventions for managing stress.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Although early adversity is now recognized as a major public health concern, it remains unclear if the effects of early-life stressors on disease biology and health differ by sex or stressor type. Because childhood stressors often covary, examining whether such stressors typically occur together (e.g., cumulative adversity) or in distinct multivariate patterns is needed to determine if and how different life stressors uniquely affect disease biology and health.
METHOD
METHODS
To investigate, we conducted latent class analyses (LCA) to identify clusters of adults experiencing multiple childhood stressors (N=2,111, M
RESULTS
RESULTS
Optimal LCA models yielded three female (Low-, Moderate-, and High-Stress) and two male (Low- and High-Stress) stressor exposure classes. The High-Stress classes had greater inflammation (male: D=0.43; female: D=0.59) and poorer metabolic health (male: D=0.32-0.33; female: D=0.32-0.47). They also had more cardiovascular (male: HR=1.56 [1.17, 2.07]; female: HR=1.97 [1.50, 2.58]), cancer (male: HR=2.41 [1.52, 3.84]; female: HR=2.51 [1.45, 4.35]), metabolic (male: HR=1.54 [1.16, 2.03]; female: HR=2.01 [1.43, 2.83]), thyroid (male: HR=3.65 [1.87, 7.12]; female: HR=2.25 [1.36, 3.74]), arthritis (male: HR=1.81 [1.30, 2.54]; female: HR=1.97 [1.41, 2.74]), and mental/behavioral health problems (male: HR=2.62 [1.90, 3.62]; female; HR=3.67 [2.72, 4.94]). Moreover, stressors were related to these outcomes in a sex- and stressor-specific manner.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Childhood adversity portends worse biological health and elevated risk for many major health problems in a sex- and stressor-specific manner. These findings advance stress theory and may help inform precision interventions for managing stress.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39025418
pii: S0889-1591(24)00488-4
doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.07.019
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.