COVID-19 antibody responses in individuals with natural immunity and with vaccination-induced immunity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Antibody response
COVID-19
Meta-analysis
Journal
Systematic reviews
ISSN: 2046-4053
Titre abrégé: Syst Rev
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101580575
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
19 Jul 2024
19 Jul 2024
Historique:
received:
23
03
2023
accepted:
26
06
2024
medline:
20
7
2024
pubmed:
20
7
2024
entrez:
19
7
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a large mortality and morbidity burden globally. For individuals, a strong immune response is the most effective means to block SARS-CoV-2 infection. To inform clinical case management of COVID-19, development of improved vaccines, and public health policy, a better understanding of antibody response dynamics and duration following SARS-CoV-2 infection and after vaccination is imperatively needed. We systematically analyzed antibody response rates in naturally infected COVID-19 patients and vaccinated individuals. Specifically, we searched all published and pre-published literature between 1 December 2019 and 31 July 2023 using MeSH terms and "all field" terms comprising "COVID-19" or "SARS-CoV-2," and "antibody response" or "immunity response" or "humoral immune." We included experimental and observational studies that provided antibody positivity rates following natural COVID-19 infection or vaccination. A total of 44 studies reporting antibody positivity rate changes over time were included. The meta-analysis showed that within the first week after COVID-19 symptom onset/diagnosis or vaccination, antibody response rates in vaccinated individuals were lower than those in infected patients (p < 0.01), but no significant difference was observed from the second week to the sixth month. IgG, IgA, and IgM positivity rates increased during the first 3 weeks; thereafter, IgG positivity rates were maintained at a relatively high level, while the IgM seroconversion rate dropped. Antibody production following vaccination might not occur as quickly or strongly as after natural infection, and the IgM antibody response was less persistent than the IgG response.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a large mortality and morbidity burden globally. For individuals, a strong immune response is the most effective means to block SARS-CoV-2 infection. To inform clinical case management of COVID-19, development of improved vaccines, and public health policy, a better understanding of antibody response dynamics and duration following SARS-CoV-2 infection and after vaccination is imperatively needed.
METHODS
METHODS
We systematically analyzed antibody response rates in naturally infected COVID-19 patients and vaccinated individuals. Specifically, we searched all published and pre-published literature between 1 December 2019 and 31 July 2023 using MeSH terms and "all field" terms comprising "COVID-19" or "SARS-CoV-2," and "antibody response" or "immunity response" or "humoral immune." We included experimental and observational studies that provided antibody positivity rates following natural COVID-19 infection or vaccination. A total of 44 studies reporting antibody positivity rate changes over time were included.
RESULTS
RESULTS
The meta-analysis showed that within the first week after COVID-19 symptom onset/diagnosis or vaccination, antibody response rates in vaccinated individuals were lower than those in infected patients (p < 0.01), but no significant difference was observed from the second week to the sixth month. IgG, IgA, and IgM positivity rates increased during the first 3 weeks; thereafter, IgG positivity rates were maintained at a relatively high level, while the IgM seroconversion rate dropped.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Antibody production following vaccination might not occur as quickly or strongly as after natural infection, and the IgM antibody response was less persistent than the IgG response.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39030630
doi: 10.1186/s13643-024-02597-y
pii: 10.1186/s13643-024-02597-y
doi:
Substances chimiques
COVID-19 Vaccines
0
Antibodies, Viral
0
Immunoglobulin G
0
Types de publication
Systematic Review
Journal Article
Meta-Analysis
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
189Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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