Compulsive avoidance in youths and adults with OCD: an aversive pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer study.
Journal
Translational psychiatry
ISSN: 2158-3188
Titre abrégé: Transl Psychiatry
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101562664
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
26 Jul 2024
26 Jul 2024
Historique:
received:
06
01
2024
accepted:
17
07
2024
revised:
12
07
2024
medline:
27
7
2024
pubmed:
27
7
2024
entrez:
26
7
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Compulsive behaviour may often be triggered by Pavlovian cues. Assessing how Pavlovian cues drive instrumental behaviour in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is therefore crucial to understand how compulsions develop and are maintained. An aversive Pavlovian-to-Instrumental transfer (PIT) paradigm, particularly one involving avoidance/cancellation of negative outcomes, can enable such investigation and has not previously been studied in clinical-OCD. Forty-one participants diagnosed with OCD (21 adults; 20 youths) and 44 controls (21 adults; 23 youths) completed an aversive PIT task. Participants had to prevent the delivery of unpleasant noises by moving a joystick in the correct direction. They could infer these correct responses by learning appropriate response-outcome (instrumental) and stimulus-outcome (Pavlovian) associations. We then assessed whether Pavlovian cues elicited specific instrumental avoidance responses (specific PIT) and induced general instrumental avoidance (general PIT). We investigated whether task learning and confidence indices influenced PIT strength differentially between groups. There was no overall group difference in PIT performance, although youths with OCD showed weaker specific PIT than youth controls. However, urge to avoid unpleasant noises and preference for safe over unsafe stimuli influenced specific and general PIT respectively in OCD, while PIT in controls was more influenced by confidence in instrumental and Pavlovian learning. Thus, in OCD, implicit motivational factors, but not learnt knowledge, may contribute to the successful integration of aversive Pavlovian and instrumental cues. This implies that compulsive avoidance may be driven by these automatic processes. Youths with OCD show deficits in specific PIT, suggesting cue integration impairments are only apparent in adolescence. These findings may be clinically relevant as they emphasise the importance of targeting such implicit motivational processes when treating OCD.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39060253
doi: 10.1038/s41398-024-03028-1
pii: 10.1038/s41398-024-03028-1
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
308Subventions
Organisme : Wellcome Trust (Wellcome)
ID : 204727/Z/16/Z
Organisme : Wellcome Trust (Wellcome)
ID : 104631/Z/14/Z/
Organisme : Fundação Bial (Bial Foundation)
ID : 47/20
Organisme : Fundação Bial (Bial Foundation)
ID : 47/20
Organisme : Fundação Bial (Bial Foundation)
ID : 47/20
Organisme : Fundação Bial (Bial Foundation)
ID : 47/20
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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