Reevaluating the epinephrine myth: A comprehensive review.
Journal
Indian journal of pharmacology
ISSN: 1998-3751
Titre abrégé: Indian J Pharmacol
Pays: India
ID NLM: 7902477
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 May 2024
01 May 2024
Historique:
received:
20
05
2023
accepted:
03
06
2024
medline:
30
7
2024
pubmed:
30
7
2024
entrez:
30
7
2024
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The combination of local anesthetic drugs with epinephrine has conventionally been contraindicated in acral regions due to concerns of potential necrosis caused by compromised blood flow. However, this belief has been challenged since 2001, when studies demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of the combination. This review aims to analyze reported cases of acral area necrosis following the use of local anesthesia with epinephrine since 2001. A thorough search was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar using specific keywords to identify articles reporting acral area necrosis caused using local anesthesia and epinephrine. Our search yielded eight publications describing a total of 13 cases of ischemic events in acral areas. These cases involved finger necrosis (five cases), scrotal skin necrosis (two cases), and eyelid necrosis (six cases), following the injection of a combination of epinephrine and lignocaine. The majority of affected patients were female who underwent surgical intervention and reconstruction. The use of epinephrine in local anesthesia offers significant advantages and is generally safe for acral areas. However, the risk of necrosis cannot be entirely eliminated, particularly in patients with compromised vascular function. Adhering to proper guidelines and selecting suitable patients can help mitigate the risk. Phentolamine serves as a potential rescue agent if vascular compromise occurs. Precautionary measures must be taken when using this combination in high-risk patients.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39078185
doi: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_308_23
pii: 01363791-202405000-00009
doi:
Substances chimiques
Epinephrine
YKH834O4BH
Anesthetics, Local
0
Vasoconstrictor Agents
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
206-213Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2024 Copyright: © 2024 Indian Journal of Pharmacology.
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