Epidemiology and effects of sociodemographic factors on extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Ambala, India.
Humans
India
/ epidemiology
Male
Female
Adult
Retrospective Studies
Middle Aged
Young Adult
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
/ epidemiology
Tuberculosis
/ epidemiology
Adolescent
HIV Infections
/ epidemiology
Tuberculosis, Pleural
/ epidemiology
Child
Sex Factors
Age Factors
Socioeconomic Factors
Child, Preschool
Aged
Body Mass Index
Tuberculosis, Extrapulmonary
Epidemiology
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis
India
NTEP
Tuberculosis
Journal
The Indian journal of tuberculosis
ISSN: 0019-5707
Titre abrégé: Indian J Tuberc
Pays: India
ID NLM: 0373027
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jul 2024
Jul 2024
Historique:
received:
14
12
2022
accepted:
28
04
2023
medline:
8
8
2024
pubmed:
8
8
2024
entrez:
7
8
2024
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
An ambitious plan was set into motion with the aim of TB elimination from India in 2025. To achieve this, it is high time to give emphasis on other prevalent forms of TB, such as extra pulmonary TB (EPTB). The study aims to discern the differences in patient characteristics and management practices between pulmonary TB and EPTB using data from district Ambala. This retrospective study used data of 12,985 TB patients from district Ambala, India. The differences in patient characteristics and management practices between pulmonary TB and EPTB were analyzed using the NIKSHAY database. In the studied population, extra pulmonary TB (EPTB) formed 29.7% of all TB cases. Among all EPTB cases, pleural TB was found to be the most common form, accounting for 27%. The study also revealed that female gender, young age, non-diabetic status, and high BMI were associated with an increased propensity to have EPTB. Interestingly, unlike pulmonary TB, which had increased odds for contracting the disease in diabetic individuals (OR - 2.02), there were no increased odds for contracting EPTB in diabetic individuals. However, HIV infection significantly increased the odds for both pulmonary TB and EPTB. The results also showed diagnostic discrepancies between the private and public sectors, along with a low microbiological confirmation rate of 7.1% in EPTB cases. The study highlights the importance of focusing on EPTB in addition to pulmonary TB for effective TB elimination in India. The differences in patient characteristics and management practices warrant further investigation and targeted interventions for both forms of the disease. Efforts should be made to improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce discrepancies between the private and public sectors.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
An ambitious plan was set into motion with the aim of TB elimination from India in 2025. To achieve this, it is high time to give emphasis on other prevalent forms of TB, such as extra pulmonary TB (EPTB).
OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVE
The study aims to discern the differences in patient characteristics and management practices between pulmonary TB and EPTB using data from district Ambala.
METHODS
METHODS
This retrospective study used data of 12,985 TB patients from district Ambala, India. The differences in patient characteristics and management practices between pulmonary TB and EPTB were analyzed using the NIKSHAY database.
RESULTS
RESULTS
In the studied population, extra pulmonary TB (EPTB) formed 29.7% of all TB cases. Among all EPTB cases, pleural TB was found to be the most common form, accounting for 27%. The study also revealed that female gender, young age, non-diabetic status, and high BMI were associated with an increased propensity to have EPTB. Interestingly, unlike pulmonary TB, which had increased odds for contracting the disease in diabetic individuals (OR - 2.02), there were no increased odds for contracting EPTB in diabetic individuals. However, HIV infection significantly increased the odds for both pulmonary TB and EPTB. The results also showed diagnostic discrepancies between the private and public sectors, along with a low microbiological confirmation rate of 7.1% in EPTB cases.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
The study highlights the importance of focusing on EPTB in addition to pulmonary TB for effective TB elimination in India. The differences in patient characteristics and management practices warrant further investigation and targeted interventions for both forms of the disease. Efforts should be made to improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce discrepancies between the private and public sectors.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39111931
pii: S0019-5707(23)00085-9
doi: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.04.028
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
242-249Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 Tuberculosis Association of India. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Conflict of interest The authors have none to declare.