Biomarkers of lung congestion and injury in acute heart failure.
Acute heart failure
Alveolar‐capillary unit
Lung biomarkers
Journal
ESC heart failure
ISSN: 2055-5822
Titre abrégé: ESC Heart Fail
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101669191
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
08 Aug 2024
08 Aug 2024
Historique:
revised:
05
02
2024
received:
14
09
2023
accepted:
01
07
2024
medline:
9
8
2024
pubmed:
9
8
2024
entrez:
9
8
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Acute heart failure (AHF) classification and management are primarily based on lung congestion and/or hypoperfusion. The quantification of the vascular and tissue lung damage is not standard practice though biomarkers of lung injury may play a relevant role in this context. Haemodynamic stress promotes alveolar and vascular derangement with loss of functional units, impaired lung capillary permeability and fluid swelling. This culminates in a remodelling process with activation of inflammatory and cytokines pathways. Four families of lung surfactant proteins (i.e., SP-A, SP-B, SP-C, and SP-D), essential for the membrane biology and integrity are released by alveolar type II pneumocites. With deregulation of fluid handling and gas exchange pathways, SPs become sensitive markers of lung injury. We report the pathobiology of lung damage; the pathophysiological and clinical implications of alveolar SPs along with the newest evidence for some classical HF biomarkers that have also shown to reflect a vascular and/or a tissue lung-related activity.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
© 2024 The Author(s). ESC Heart Failure published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Society of Cardiology.
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