Isotropy of Cosmic Rays beyond 10^{20} eV Favors Their Heavy Mass Composition.

Journal

Physical review letters

ISSN: 1079-7114

Titre abrégé: Phys Rev Lett

Pays: United States

ID NLM: 0401141

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
26 Jul 2024

Historique:

received: 24 03 2023

revised: 15 04 2024

accepted: 21 05 2024

medline: 9 8 2024

pubmed: 9 8 2024

entrez: 9 8 2024

Statut: ppublish

Résumé

We report an estimation of the injected mass composition of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) at energies higher than 10 EeV. The composition is inferred from an energy-dependent sky distribution of UHECR events observed by the Telescope Array surface detector by comparing it to the Large Scale Structure of the local Universe. In the case of negligible extragalactic magnetic fields (EGMFs), the results are consistent with a relatively heavy injected composition at E∼10 EeV that becomes lighter up to E∼100 EeV, while the composition at E>100 EeV is very heavy. The latter is true even in the presence of highest experimentally allowed extragalactic magnetic fields, while the composition at lower energies can be light if a strong EGMF is present. The effect of the uncertainty in the galactic magnetic field on these results is subdominant.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.041001 PMID: 39121414

pubmed: 39121414

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.041001

doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

041001

Auteurs

R U Abbasi (RU)

Department of Physics, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60660, USA.

Y Abe (Y)

Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Nagano 380-8554, Japan.

T Abu-Zayyad (T)

Department of Physics, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60660, USA.

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

M Allen (M)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

Y Arai (Y)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

R Arimura (R)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

E Barcikowski (E)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

J W Belz (JW)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

D R Bergman (DR)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

S A Blake (SA)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

I Buckland (I)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

B G Cheon (BG)

Department of Physics and The Research Institute of Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 426-791, Korea.

M Chikawa (M)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

T Fujii (T)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

K Fujisue (K)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei City 115201, Taiwan.

K Fujita (K)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

R Fujiwara (R)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

M Fukushima (M)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

G Furlich (G)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

N Globus (N)

Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.

R Gonzalez (R)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

W Hanlon (W)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

N Hayashida (N)

Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan.

H He (H)

Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.

R Hibi (R)

Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Nagano 380-8554, Japan.

K Hibino (K)

Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan.

R Higuchi (R)

Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.

K Honda (K)

Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511, Japan.

D Ikeda (D)

Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan.

N Inoue (N)

The Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama 338-8570, Japan.

T Ishii (T)

Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511, Japan.

H Ito (H)

Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.

D Ivanov (D)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

A Iwasaki (A)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

H M Jeong (HM)

Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea.

S Jeong (S)

Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea.

C C H Jui (CCH)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

K Kadota (K)

Department of Physics, Tokyo City University, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8557, Japan.

F Kakimoto (F)

Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan.

O Kalashev (O)

Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117312, Russia.

K Kasahara (K)

Faculty of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Minato-ku, Tokyo 337-8570, Japan.

S Kasami (S)

Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Hatsu-cho, Neyagawa-shi, Osaka 572-8530, Japan.

S Kawakami (S)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

K Kawata (K)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

I Kharuk (I)

Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117312, Russia.

E Kido (E)

Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.

H B Kim (HB)

Department of Physics and The Research Institute of Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 426-791, Korea.

J H Kim (JH)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

J H Kim (JH)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

S W Kim (SW)

Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea.

Y Kimura (Y)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

I Komae (I)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

V Kuzmin (V)

Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117312, Russia.

M Kuznetsov (M)

Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117312, Russia.

Service de Physique Théorique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1050, Belgium.

Y J Kwon (YJ)

Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea.

K H Lee (KH)

Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea.

B Lubsandorzhiev (B)

Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117312, Russia.

J P Lundquist (JP)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

Center for Astrophysics and Cosmology, University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica 5297, Slovenia.

H Matsumiya (H)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

T Matsuyama (T)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

J N Matthews (JN)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

R Mayta (R)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

K Mizuno (K)

Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Nagano 380-8554, Japan.

M Murakami (M)

Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Hatsu-cho, Neyagawa-shi, Osaka 572-8530, Japan.

I Myers (I)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

K H Lee (KH)

Department of Physics and The Research Institute of Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 426-791, Korea.

S Nagataki (S)

Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.

K Nakai (K)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

T Nakamura (T)

Faculty of Science, Kochi University, Kochi, Kochi 780-8520, Japan.

E Nishio (E)

Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Hatsu-cho, Neyagawa-shi, Osaka 572-8530, Japan.

T Nonaka (T)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

H Oda (H)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

S Ogio (S)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

M Onishi (M)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

H Ohoka (H)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

N Okazaki (N)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

Y Oku (Y)

Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Hatsu-cho, Neyagawa-shi, Osaka 572-8530, Japan.

T Okuda (T)

Department of Physical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.

Y Omura (Y)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

M Ono (M)

Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.

A Oshima (A)

College of Engineering, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan.

H Oshima (H)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

S Ozawa (S)

Quantum ICT Advanced Development Center, National Institute for Information and Communications Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan.

I H Park (IH)

Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea.

K Y Park (KY)

Department of Physics and The Research Institute of Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 426-791, Korea.

M Potts (M)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

M S Pshirkov (MS)

Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117312, Russia.

Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow M.V. Lomonosov State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.

J Remington (J)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

D C Rodriguez (DC)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

C Rott (C)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea.

G I Rubtsov (GI)

Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117312, Russia.

D Ryu (D)

Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, UNIST-gil, Ulsan 689-798, Korea.

H Sagawa (H)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

R Saito (R)

Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Nagano 380-8554, Japan.

N Sakaki (N)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

T Sako (T)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

N Sakurai (N)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

D Sato (D)

Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Nagano 380-8554, Japan.

K Sato (K)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

S Sato (S)

Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Hatsu-cho, Neyagawa-shi, Osaka 572-8530, Japan.

K Sekino (K)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

P D Shah (PD)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

N Shibata (N)

Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Hatsu-cho, Neyagawa-shi, Osaka 572-8530, Japan.

T Shibata (T)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

J Shikita (J)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

H Shimodaira (H)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

B K Shin (BK)

Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, UNIST-gil, Ulsan 689-798, Korea.

H S Shin (HS)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

D Shinto (D)

Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Hatsu-cho, Neyagawa-shi, Osaka 572-8530, Japan.

J D Smith (JD)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

P Sokolsky (P)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

B T Stokes (BT)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

T A Stroman (TA)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

Y Takagi (Y)

Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Hatsu-cho, Neyagawa-shi, Osaka 572-8530, Japan.

K Takahashi (K)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

M Takamura (M)

Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 162-8601, Japan.

M Takeda (M)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

R Takeishi (R)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

A Taketa (A)

Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 277-8582, Japan.

M Takita (M)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

Y Tameda (Y)

Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Hatsu-cho, Neyagawa-shi, Osaka 572-8530, Japan.

K Tanaka (K)

Graduate School of Information Sciences, Hiroshima City University, Hiroshima, Hiroshima 731-3194, Japan.

M Tanaka (M)

Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan.

Y Tanoue (Y)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

S B Thomas (SB)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

G B Thomson (GB)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

P Tinyakov (P)

Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117312, Russia.

Service de Physique Théorique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1050, Belgium.

I Tkachev (I)

Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117312, Russia.

H Tokuno (H)

Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.

T Tomida (T)

Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Nagano 380-8554, Japan.

S Troitsky (S)

Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117312, Russia.

R Tsuda (R)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

Y Tsunesada (Y)

Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.

S Udo (S)

Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan.

F Urban (F)

CEICO, Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 182 21, Czech Republic.

D Warren (D)

Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.

T Wong (T)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

K Yamazaki (K)

College of Engineering, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan.

K Yashiro (K)

Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 162-8601, Japan.

F Yoshida (F)

Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Hatsu-cho, Neyagawa-shi, Osaka 572-8530, Japan.

Y Zhezher (Y)

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan.

Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117312, Russia.

Z Zundel (Z)

High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0830, USA.

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