Food biodiversity and gastrointestinal cancer risk in nine European countries: Analysis within a prospective cohort study.

Journal

European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)
ISSN: 1879-0852
Titre abrégé: Eur J Cancer
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9005373

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
03 Aug 2024
Historique:
received: 05 05 2024
revised: 05 07 2024
accepted: 22 07 2024
medline: 22 8 2024
pubmed: 22 8 2024
entrez: 21 8 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Food biodiversity in human diets has potential co-benefits for both public health and sustainable food systems. However, current evidence on the potential relationship between food biodiversity and cancer risk, and particularly gastrointestinal cancers typically related to diet, remains limited. This study evaluated how dietary species richness (DSR) was associated with gastrointestinal cancer risk in a pan-European population. Associations between DSR and subsequent gastrointestinal cancer risk were examined among 450,111 adults enrolled in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort (EPIC, initiated in 1992), free of cancer at baseline. Usual dietary intakes were assessed at recruitment with country-specific dietary questionnaires. DSR of an individual's yearly diet was calculated based on the absolute number of unique biological species in each food and drink item. Associations between DSR and cancer risk were assessed by multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models. During a median follow-up time of 14.1 years (SD=3.9), 10,705 participants were diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancer. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) comparing overall gastrointestinal cancer risk in the highest versus lowest quintiles of DSR indicated inverse associations in multivariable-adjusted models [HR (95 % CI): 0.77 (0.69-0.87); P-value < 0·0001] (Table 2). Specifically, inverse associations were observed between DSR and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, proximal colon, colorectal, and liver cancer risk (p-trend<0.05 for all cancer types). Greater food biodiversity in the diet may lower the risk of certain gastrointestinal cancers. Further research is needed to replicate these novel findings and to understand potential mechanisms.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Food biodiversity in human diets has potential co-benefits for both public health and sustainable food systems. However, current evidence on the potential relationship between food biodiversity and cancer risk, and particularly gastrointestinal cancers typically related to diet, remains limited. This study evaluated how dietary species richness (DSR) was associated with gastrointestinal cancer risk in a pan-European population.
METHODS METHODS
Associations between DSR and subsequent gastrointestinal cancer risk were examined among 450,111 adults enrolled in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort (EPIC, initiated in 1992), free of cancer at baseline. Usual dietary intakes were assessed at recruitment with country-specific dietary questionnaires. DSR of an individual's yearly diet was calculated based on the absolute number of unique biological species in each food and drink item. Associations between DSR and cancer risk were assessed by multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models.
FINDINGS RESULTS
During a median follow-up time of 14.1 years (SD=3.9), 10,705 participants were diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancer. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) comparing overall gastrointestinal cancer risk in the highest versus lowest quintiles of DSR indicated inverse associations in multivariable-adjusted models [HR (95 % CI): 0.77 (0.69-0.87); P-value < 0·0001] (Table 2). Specifically, inverse associations were observed between DSR and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, proximal colon, colorectal, and liver cancer risk (p-trend<0.05 for all cancer types).
INTERPRETATION CONCLUSIONS
Greater food biodiversity in the diet may lower the risk of certain gastrointestinal cancers. Further research is needed to replicate these novel findings and to understand potential mechanisms.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.114258 PMID: 39168001
pubmed: 39168001
pii: S0959-8049(24)00914-6
doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.114258
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

114258

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Auteurs

Inge Huybrechts (I)

Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. Electronic address: Huybrechtsi@iarc.who.int.

Bernadette Chimera (B)

Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.

Giles T Hanley-Cook (GT)

Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

Carine Biessy (C)

Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.

Mélanie Deschasaux-Tanguy (M)

Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France.

Mathilde Touvier (M)

Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France.

Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot (E)

Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France.

Bernard Srour (B)

Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France.

Julia Baudry (J)

Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France.

Justine Berlivet (J)

Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France.

Corinne Casagrande (C)

Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.

Geneviève Nicolas (G)

Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.

Jessica Blanco Lopez (JB)

Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.

Christopher J Millett (CJ)

Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK; NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.

Emine Koc Cakmak (EK)

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK.

Oliver J K Robinson (OJK)

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK.

Kris A Murray (KA)

Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Atlantic Boulevard, Fajara, The Gambia.

Matthias B Schulze (MB)

Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.

Giovanna Masala (G)

Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy.

Marcela Guevara (M)

Instituto de Salud Pública y Laboral de Navarra, Pamplona 31003, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona 31008, Spain.

Stina Bodén (S)

Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

Amanda J Cross (AJ)

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK.

Kostas Tsilidis (K)

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK.

Alicia K Heath (AK)

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK.

Salvatore Panico (S)

Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Chirurgia, Federico Ii University, Naples, Italy.

Pilar Amiano (P)

BioGipuzkoa Health Research Institute, Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, San Sebastián, Spain; Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, San Sebastián, Spain.

José Ma Huerta (JM)

Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council-IMIB, Murcia, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.

Tim Key (T)

Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, UK.

Ulrika Ericson (U)

Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.

Tanja Stocks (T)

Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.

Marie Wasmuth Lundblad (MW)

Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.

Guri Skeie (G)

Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.

Carlotta Sacerdote (C)

Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital and Centre for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Turin, Italy.

Verena Katzke (V)

Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, DE 69120, Germany.

Mary C Playdon (MC)

Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, 84112 UT, United States; Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, 84112 UT, United States.

Pietro Ferrari (P)

Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.

Paolo Vineis (P)

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK.

Carl Lachat (C)

Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

Marc J Gunter (MJ)

Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK.

Classifications MeSH