Multi-omics pan-cancer analysis reveals the prognostic values and immunological functions of PPA2, with a spotlight on breast cancer.
PPA2
breast cancer
immunological function
multi-omics
pan-cancer analysis
Journal
Frontiers in immunology
ISSN: 1664-3224
Titre abrégé: Front Immunol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101560960
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2024
2024
Historique:
received:
20
05
2024
accepted:
25
07
2024
medline:
23
8
2024
pubmed:
23
8
2024
entrez:
23
8
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Recently, the role of inorganic pyrophosphatase 2 (PPA2) has been remaining merely superficial in many tumors. Hence, the aim was to analyze the potential functions of PPA2 in pan-cancer, focusing on its role in breast cancer. A systematic pan-cancer analysis conducted primarily utilizing various open databases such as TCGA and GTEx. We explored the clinical value of PPA2 as well as various biological functions, including expression levels and subcellular localization, multi-dimensional immune-correlation analysis, co-expression networks, and gene heterogeneity. In addition, we not only verified the function of PPA2 through cell experiments but also analyzed PPA2 at the single-cell level and its drug sensitivity. PPA2 is abnormally expressed in various tumors, and it is mainly distributed in mitochondria. Furthermore, the indicators (OS, DSS, DFI, and PFI) of analysis hint that PPA2 exhibits significant prognostic value. At the same time, the genomic heterogeneity (including TMB, MSI, MATH, and NEO) of PPA2 in pan-cancer was analyzed. Across multiple tumors, the results showed a close correlation between PPA2 expression levels and different immune signatures (such as immune cell infiltration). All of these indicate that PPA2 could potentially be applied in the guidance of immunotherapy. We also have demonstrated that PPA2 promoted the process of breast cancer. Finally, some potential therapeutic agents (such as Fulvestrant) targeting the abnormal expression of PPA2 are revealed. In conclusion, the results demonstrated the great value of PPA2 in pan-cancer research, as well as its potential as a therapeutic target for breast tumors.
Sections du résumé
Background
UNASSIGNED
Recently, the role of inorganic pyrophosphatase 2 (PPA2) has been remaining merely superficial in many tumors. Hence, the aim was to analyze the potential functions of PPA2 in pan-cancer, focusing on its role in breast cancer.
Methods
UNASSIGNED
A systematic pan-cancer analysis conducted primarily utilizing various open databases such as TCGA and GTEx. We explored the clinical value of PPA2 as well as various biological functions, including expression levels and subcellular localization, multi-dimensional immune-correlation analysis, co-expression networks, and gene heterogeneity. In addition, we not only verified the function of PPA2 through cell experiments but also analyzed PPA2 at the single-cell level and its drug sensitivity.
Results
UNASSIGNED
PPA2 is abnormally expressed in various tumors, and it is mainly distributed in mitochondria. Furthermore, the indicators (OS, DSS, DFI, and PFI) of analysis hint that PPA2 exhibits significant prognostic value. At the same time, the genomic heterogeneity (including TMB, MSI, MATH, and NEO) of PPA2 in pan-cancer was analyzed. Across multiple tumors, the results showed a close correlation between PPA2 expression levels and different immune signatures (such as immune cell infiltration). All of these indicate that PPA2 could potentially be applied in the guidance of immunotherapy. We also have demonstrated that PPA2 promoted the process of breast cancer. Finally, some potential therapeutic agents (such as Fulvestrant) targeting the abnormal expression of PPA2 are revealed.
Conclusion
UNASSIGNED
In conclusion, the results demonstrated the great value of PPA2 in pan-cancer research, as well as its potential as a therapeutic target for breast tumors.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39176095
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1435502
pmc: PMC11338811
doi:
Substances chimiques
Biomarkers, Tumor
0
Inorganic Pyrophosphatase
EC 3.6.1.1
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1435502Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2024 Zhang, Yang, Li, Xu, Wang, Yi, Zhou and Liu.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.