Comprehensive analysis of substernal lead removal: experience from EV ICD Pilot, Pivotal, and Continued Access Studies.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

The extravascular implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (EV ICD) has been shown to be safe and effective for patients at risk of sudden cardiac death, but little is known about EV ICD lead removal in humans. This analysis aimed to characterize the EV ICD lead removal experience thus far.

METHODS

This was a retrospective analysis of lead removals from the EV ICD Pilot, Pivotal, and Continued Access Studies. Patients with a successful EV ICD implant who underwent lead removal were included. The main objective was lead removal success. Ancillary objectives included characterizing technique used, procedure complications, and reimplantation status.

RESULTS

An EV ICD system was successfully implanted in 347 patients across the 3 studies (25.9% female; 53.4±13.3 years; LVEF: 39.7±15.9). Of these patients, 29 (8.4%) underwent lead removal with a mean lead dwell time of 12.6±14.3 months (0.2-58.4). The main reason for lead removal was lead dislodgement (n=9, 31.0%). Lead removal was successful in 27/29 (93.1%) cases [100% (19/19) success rate <1 year and 80% (8/10) success rate >1-year post-implant]. Simple traction was used in 22/26 (84.6%) and extraction tools in 4/26 (15.4%) successful cases where technique was known. No complications were reported for any of the removal procedures. All 11 EV ICD reimplant attempts were successful.

CONCLUSIONS

Complete removal of the EV ICD lead was successful in 93.1% of cases and simple traction was sufficient in most instances. Based on these results, lead removal from the substernal space was safe and achievable up to 3 years post-implant.

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.