Three-dimensional conservation planning of fish biodiversity metrics to achieve the deep-sea 30×30 conservation target.
3D conservation planning
ADN ambiental
BRUVS
acoustic
acústica
biodiversity modeling
deep sea
eDNA
mar profundo
modelos de la biodiversidad
monte marino
planeación tridimensional de la conservación
seamounts
环境政策, 澳大利亚, 受威胁物种, 森林, 林地, 农业
Journal
Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology
ISSN: 1523-1739
Titre abrégé: Conserv Biol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9882301
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 Sep 2024
03 Sep 2024
Historique:
revised:
05
06
2024
received:
13
10
2023
accepted:
24
06
2024
medline:
3
9
2024
pubmed:
3
9
2024
entrez:
3
9
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Accelerating rate of human impact and environmental change severely affects marine biodiversity and increases the urgency to implement the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) 30×30 plan for conserving 30% of sea areas by 2030. However, area-based conservation targets are complex to identify in a 3-dimensional (3D) ocean where deep-sea features such as seamounts have been seldom studied mostly due to challenging methodologies to implement at great depths. Yet, the use of emerging technologies, such as environmental DNA combined with modern modeling frameworks, could help address the problem. We collected environmental DNA, echosounder acoustic, and video data at 15 seamounts and deep island slopes across the Coral Sea. We modeled 7 fish community metrics and the abundances of 45 individual species and molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) in benthic and pelagic waters (down to 600-m deep) with boosted regression trees and generalized joint attribute models to describe biodiversity on seamounts and deep slopes and identify 3D protection solutions for achieving the CBD area target in New Caledonia (1.4 million km Planeación tridimensional de la conservación de las medidas de biodiversidad de peces para lograr el objetivo de conservación 30x30 de mar profundo Resumen El impacto antropogénico y el cambio ambiental acelerados afectan gravemente a la biodiversidad marina y aumentan la urgencia de aplicar el plan 30x30 del Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica (CDB) para conservar el 30% de las zonas marinas para el 2030. Sin embargo, la identificación de objetivos de conservación basados en zonas es compleja en un océano tridimensional (3D) en el que rara vez se han estudiado las características de las profundidades marinas, como los montes marinos, sobre todo por la dificultad de aplicar metodologías a grandes profundidades. No obstante, el uso de tecnologías emergentes, como el ADN ambiental combinado con marcos actuales de modelación, podría ayudar a resolver el problema. Recopilamos datos de ADN ambiental, acústica de ecosonda y video en 15 montes marinos y taludes de islas profundas del mar del Coral. Modelamos siete medidas de comunidades de peces y 45 abundancias de especies individuales y unidades taxonómicas moleculares (UTOM) en aguas bentónicas y pelágicas (hasta 600 m de profundidad) con árboles de regresión reforzada (ARR) y modelos de atributos conjuntos generalizados (MACJ) para describir la biodiversidad en los montes marinos y taludes profundos e identificar soluciones de protección en 3D para alcanzar el objetivo de área del CDB en Nueva Caledonia (1.4 millones de km 尽管许多国家已制定了广泛的环境保护法律, 并遵从应对生物多样性和气候危机的国际协议做出了承诺, 但减少森林砍伐的努力仍困难重重。本研究开发了一个新框架来量化国家和国家以下各级法律对当前森林砍伐的控制程度。我们将该框架应用于澳大利亚北部的案例研究, 该地区的生态系统具有全球重要性, 但同时也是开发和森林砍伐的热点地区。我们分析的森林砍伐情景包括:第一, 森林砍伐可能符合所有相关法律规定, 或是通过了评估和批准, 或是符合法律中的豁免条例;第二, 森林砍伐可能符合至少一项相关法律, 但不符合所有法律;第三, 尽管存在相关要求, 但可能没有证据表明已对森林砍伐进行了评估或免除评估, 这意味着砍伐行为可能并不合规;最后, 发生森林砍伐的地区或情况可能超出任何相关法律的预期范围。我们分析的所有砍伐行为都假设属于一项或多项法律的管辖范围。然而, 实际上65%的砍伐行为可能不符合至少一项法律的规定。由于具体砍伐事件可能与多项法律相关, 因此大部分砍伐事件仍符合至少一项法律, 但在这些事件中, 只有一小部分得到了明确批准(19%), 其余则是在各种豁免条件下得到了允许。在我们分析的所有立法中, 大部分被豁免的砍伐行为都受到一项次国家级法律的管理, 而大部分可能不合规的砍伐行为则对应一项国家级法律。我们的结果表明, 即使是拥有一套成熟的环境保护法律的国家, 在实现有关森林砍伐的国际承诺方面也仍存在很大差距。我们的框架可用于确定各国推动当地法律与国际协定保持一致所需的政策变革途径。【翻译:胡怡思;审校:聂永刚】.
Autres résumés
Type: Publisher
(spa)
Planeación tridimensional de la conservación de las medidas de biodiversidad de peces para lograr el objetivo de conservación 30x30 de mar profundo Resumen El impacto antropogénico y el cambio ambiental acelerados afectan gravemente a la biodiversidad marina y aumentan la urgencia de aplicar el plan 30x30 del Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica (CDB) para conservar el 30% de las zonas marinas para el 2030. Sin embargo, la identificación de objetivos de conservación basados en zonas es compleja en un océano tridimensional (3D) en el que rara vez se han estudiado las características de las profundidades marinas, como los montes marinos, sobre todo por la dificultad de aplicar metodologías a grandes profundidades. No obstante, el uso de tecnologías emergentes, como el ADN ambiental combinado con marcos actuales de modelación, podría ayudar a resolver el problema. Recopilamos datos de ADN ambiental, acústica de ecosonda y video en 15 montes marinos y taludes de islas profundas del mar del Coral. Modelamos siete medidas de comunidades de peces y 45 abundancias de especies individuales y unidades taxonómicas moleculares (UTOM) en aguas bentónicas y pelágicas (hasta 600 m de profundidad) con árboles de regresión reforzada (ARR) y modelos de atributos conjuntos generalizados (MACJ) para describir la biodiversidad en los montes marinos y taludes profundos e identificar soluciones de protección en 3D para alcanzar el objetivo de área del CDB en Nueva Caledonia (1.4 millones de km
Type: Publisher
(chi)
尽管许多国家已制定了广泛的环境保护法律, 并遵从应对生物多样性和气候危机的国际协议做出了承诺, 但减少森林砍伐的努力仍困难重重。本研究开发了一个新框架来量化国家和国家以下各级法律对当前森林砍伐的控制程度。我们将该框架应用于澳大利亚北部的案例研究, 该地区的生态系统具有全球重要性, 但同时也是开发和森林砍伐的热点地区。我们分析的森林砍伐情景包括:第一, 森林砍伐可能符合所有相关法律规定, 或是通过了评估和批准, 或是符合法律中的豁免条例;第二, 森林砍伐可能符合至少一项相关法律, 但不符合所有法律;第三, 尽管存在相关要求, 但可能没有证据表明已对森林砍伐进行了评估或免除评估, 这意味着砍伐行为可能并不合规;最后, 发生森林砍伐的地区或情况可能超出任何相关法律的预期范围。我们分析的所有砍伐行为都假设属于一项或多项法律的管辖范围。然而, 实际上65%的砍伐行为可能不符合至少一项法律的规定。由于具体砍伐事件可能与多项法律相关, 因此大部分砍伐事件仍符合至少一项法律, 但在这些事件中, 只有一小部分得到了明确批准(19%), 其余则是在各种豁免条件下得到了允许。在我们分析的所有立法中, 大部分被豁免的砍伐行为都受到一项次国家级法律的管理, 而大部分可能不合规的砍伐行为则对应一项国家级法律。我们的结果表明, 即使是拥有一套成熟的环境保护法律的国家, 在实现有关森林砍伐的国际承诺方面也仍存在很大差距。我们的框架可用于确定各国推动当地法律与国际协定保持一致所需的政策变革途径。【翻译:胡怡思;审校:聂永刚】.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e14368Subventions
Organisme : Agence Nationale de la Recherche
Organisme : ANR SEAMOUNTS
ID : #ANR-18-CE02-0016
Informations de copyright
© 2024 The Author(s). Conservation Biology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for Conservation Biology.
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