Experienced financial toxicity among long-term cancer survivors: results from a national cross-sectional survey.

Cancer Financial toxicity Healthcare Oncology Patient experience

Journal

Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice
ISSN: 1932-2267
Titre abrégé: J Cancer Surviv
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101307557

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
03 Sep 2024
Historique:
received: 30 05 2024
accepted: 20 08 2024
medline: 3 9 2024
pubmed: 3 9 2024
entrez: 3 9 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Financial toxicity, the subjective distress caused by objective financial burden, significantly impacts cancer survivors. Yet, enduring effects on survivors remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the experienced objective financial burden and subjective financial distress in long-term cancer survivors. A cross-sectional nationwide online survey of adult cancer survivors ≥ 5y after diagnosis were analyzed. Objective financial burden was measured via extra expenses and income loss, while subjective financial distress covered psychological well-being, coping and support-seeking behavior, and financial concerns. Groups were compared (i.e., having cancer vs. former patients) by t-tests and chi-squared tests. Financial toxicity was visualized with Sankey plots and sunburst diagrams. 4,675 respondents completed the survey, of whom 2,391 (51%) were ≥ 5y after their cancer diagnosis. Among them, 75% experienced income loss and/or extra expenses after diagnosis. One-third of the previously employed respondents relied on work disability benefits. Further, 'being unable to make ends meet' increased from 2% before diagnosis to 13% ≥ 5y after diagnosis (p < .001). Additionally, 58% reported negative psychological impacts of financial toxicity, and 47% worried about their financial future. Cancer survivors often face income loss and additional expenses, leading to ongoing financial difficulties that affect their psychological well-being. Despite this significant impact, there is a lack of guidance and support to help them manage these financial challenges. These findings highlight the need for healthcare professionals to recognize and address the financial challenges. This study underscores the widespread financial challenges cancer survivors encounter, emphasizing the need for ongoing financial support and comprehensive assessments of their physical and psychological well-being.

Identifiants

pubmed: 39225899
doi: 10.1007/s11764-024-01668-2
pii: 10.1007/s11764-024-01668-2
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

© 2024. The Author(s).

Références

IARC. Graph production: global cancer observatory. 2020. Accessed 05–09–2023; Available from: http://gco.iarc.fr/ .
Hofmarcher T, et al. The cost of cancer in Europe 2018. Eur J Cancer. 2020;129:41–9.
doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.01.011 pubmed: 32120274
Coleman MP, et al. Cancer survival in five continents: a worldwide population-based study (CONCORD). Lancet Oncol. 2008;9(8):730–56.
doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(08)70179-7 pubmed: 18639491
Marzorati C, Riva S, Pravettoni G. Who is a cancer survivor? A systematic review of published definitions. J Cancer Educ. 2017;32:228–37.
doi: 10.1007/s13187-016-0997-2 pubmed: 26854084
Schneider J, et al. Out-of-pocket payments and loss of income among long-term breast cancer survivors in Germany: a multi-regional population-based study. J Cancer Surviv. 2023;17(6):1639–59.
doi: 10.1007/s11764-022-01293-x pubmed: 36459378
Longo CJ, et al. Financial toxicity associated with a cancer diagnosis in publicly funded healthcare countries: a systematic review. Support Care Cancer. 2020;28(10):4645–65.
doi: 10.1007/s00520-020-05620-9 pubmed: 32653957
Mols F, et al. Financial toxicity and employment status in cancer survivors. A systematic literature review. Support Care Cancer. 2020;28(12):5693–5708.
McNulty J, Khera N. Financial hardship–an unwanted consequence of cancer treatment. Curr Hematol Malig Rep. 2015;10(3):205–12.
doi: 10.1007/s11899-015-0266-1 pubmed: 26112652
Peppercorn J. Financial toxicity and societal costs of cancer care: distinct problems require distinct solutions. Oncologist. 2017;22(2):123–5.
doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2016-0301 pubmed: 28167570 pmcid: 5330709
Nipp RD, Shui A, Kirchhoff AC, Perez GK, Moy B, Park ER, Kuhlthau K. Financial burden in adult cancer survivors: care affordability and accessibility. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(15).
Coughlin SS, Dean LT. Cancer survivorship care plans, financial toxicity, and financial planning alleviating financial distress among cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer. 2019;27(6):1969–71.
doi: 10.1007/s00520-019-04703-6 pubmed: 30796520 pmcid: 7518376
Zafar SY. Financial toxicity of cancer care: it's time to intervene. J Natl Cancer Inst, 2016;108(5).
Zafar SY, et al. The financial toxicity of cancer treatment: a pilot study assessing out-of-pocket expenses and the insured cancer patient’s experience. Oncologist. 2013;18(4):381–90.
doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2012-0279 pubmed: 23442307 pmcid: 3639525
Knight TG, et al. Financial toxicity in adults with cancer: adverse outcomes and noncompliance. J Oncol Pract. 2018 JOP1800120.
Witte J, et al. Methods for measuring financial toxicity after cancer diagnosis and treatment: a systematic review and its implications. Ann Oncol. 2019;30(7):1061–70.
doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdz140 pubmed: 31046080 pmcid: 6637374
Pisu M, et al. Economic hardship of minority and non-minority cancer survivors 1 year after diagnosis: another long-term effect of cancer? Cancer. 2015;121(8):1257–64.
doi: 10.1002/cncr.29206 pubmed: 25564986
Zafar SY, McNeil RB, Thomas CM, Lathan CS, Ayanian JZ, Provenzale D. Population-based assessment of cancer survivors' financial burden and quality of life: a prospective cohort study. J Oncol Pract. 2015;11(2):145–150.
Duijts SF, et al. Physical and psychosocial problems in cancer survivors beyond return to work: a systematic review. Psychooncology. 2014;23(5):481–92.
doi: 10.1002/pon.3467 pubmed: 24375630
Pearce A, et al. Financial toxicity is more than costs of care: the relationship between employment and financial toxicity in long-term cancer survivors. J Cancer Surviv. 2019;13(1):10–20.
doi: 10.1007/s11764-018-0723-7 pubmed: 30357537
Guy GP Jr, et al. Economic burden of cancer survivorship among adults in the United States. J Clin Oncol. 2013;31(30):3749–57.
doi: 10.1200/JCO.2013.49.1241 pubmed: 24043731 pmcid: 3795887
Meropol NJ, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology guidance statement: the cost of cancer care. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27(23):3868–74.
doi: 10.1200/JCO.2009.23.1183 pubmed: 19581533
Schrag D, Hanger M. Medical oncologists’ views on communicating with patients about chemotherapy costs: a pilot survey. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25(2):233–7.
doi: 10.1200/JCO.2006.09.2437 pubmed: 17210946
Stump TK, Eghan N, Egleston BL, Hamilton O, Pirollo M, Schwartz JS, Armstrong K, Beck JR, Meropol NJ, Wong YN. Cost concerns of patients with cancer. J Oncol Pract. 2013;9(5):251–7.
doi: 10.1200/JOP.2013.000929 pubmed: 23943901 pmcid: 3770507
Gordon LG, et al. A systematic review of financial toxicity among cancer survivors: we can’t pay the co-pay. Patient. 2017;10(3):295–309.
doi: 10.1007/s40271-016-0204-x pubmed: 27798816
Monkey S. Survey monkey. 2021. Accessed 5–9–2023; Available from: https://nl.surveymonkey.com/ .
Corp, I.B.M. SPSS statistics for windows, version 28.0. 2021, NY IBM Corp Armonk.
(ISCED), I.S.C.o.E. Available from: https://ilostat.ilo.org/resources/concepts-and-definitions/classification-education/ .
NKR. Dutch: Kans op kanker. 2023. Accessed 28–07–2024]; Available from: https://iknl.nl/nieuws/2023/kansopkanker#:~:text=Ten%20opzichte%20van%201990%20worden,diagnose%20boven%20de%2060%20jaar .
Bleyer A. Young adult oncology: the patients and their survival challenges. CA: Cancer J Clin. 2007;57(4):242–255

Auteurs

Jente M Klok (JM)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, The Netherlands.

Saskia F A Duijts (SFA)

Department of Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Department of Occupational and Public Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Vivian Engelen (V)

Dutch Federation of Cancer Patient Organizations (NFK), Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Roel Masselink (R)

Dutch Federation of Cancer Patient Organizations (NFK), Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Anne-Marie C Dingemans (AC)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Joachim G J V Aerts (JGJV)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Hester F Lingsma (HF)

Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, The Netherlands.

David van Klaveren (D)

Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, The Netherlands. d.vanklaveren@erasmusmc.nl.

Classifications MeSH