Molecular fingerprint by omics-based approaches in saliva from patients affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
LC–MS/MS
amino acids
metabolomics
peptidomics
proteomics
Journal
Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS
ISSN: 1096-9888
Titre abrégé: J Mass Spectrom
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9504818
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Sep 2024
Sep 2024
Historique:
revised:
10
06
2024
received:
13
11
2023
accepted:
02
08
2024
medline:
4
9
2024
pubmed:
4
9
2024
entrez:
4
9
2024
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Clinical expression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infectionis widely variable including fatal cases and patients with mild symptoms and a rapid resolution. We studied saliva from 63 hospitalized COVID-19 patients and from 30 healthy controls by integrating large-scale proteomics, peptidomics and targeted metabolomics to assess the biochemical alterations following the infection and to obtain a set of putative biomarkers useful for noninvasive diagnosis. We used an untargeted approach by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for proteomics and peptidomics analysis and targeted LC-multiple reaction monitoring/MS for the analysis of amino acids. The levels of 77 proteins were significantly different in COVID-19 patients. Among these, seven proteins were found only in saliva from patients with COVID-19, four were up-regulated and three were down-regulated at least five-folds in saliva from COVID-19 patients in comparison to controls. The analysis of proteins revealed a complex balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory proteins and a reduced amount of several proteins with immune activity that possibly favours the spreading of the virus. Such reduction could be related to the enhanced activity of endopeptidases induced by the infection that in turn caused an altered balance of free peptides. In fact, on a total of 28 peptides, 22 (80%) were differently expressed in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and control subjects. The multivariate analysis of such peptides permits to obtain a diagnostic algorithm that discriminate the two populations with a high diagnostic efficiency. Among amino acids, only threonine resulted significantly different between COVID-19 patients and controls, while alanine levels were significantly different between COVID-19 patients with different severity. In conclusion, the present study defined a set of molecules to be detected with a quick and easy method based on mass spectrometry tandem useful to reveal biochemical alterations involved in the pathogenesis of such a complex disease. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD045612.
Substances chimiques
Biomarkers
0
Proteome
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e5082Subventions
Organisme : Italian Ministry of University and Research
Informations de copyright
© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Mass Spectrometry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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